{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3208565137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14216630","title":"Interlayer Strength of 3D-Printed Mortar Reinforced by Postinstalled Reinforcement","display_name":"Interlayer Strength of 3D-Printed Mortar Reinforced by Postinstalled Reinforcement","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-11-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3208565137","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14216630","mag":"3208565137","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34772158"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma14216630","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14216630","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6630/pdf?version=1635995730","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6630/pdf?version=1635995730","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100785229","display_name":"Ji\u2010Hun Park","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6543-1536"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120158604","display_name":"Kunsan National University","ror":"https://ror.org/02yj55q56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120158604"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jihun Park","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120158604"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029173418","display_name":"Quang-The Bui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6575-6322"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120158604","display_name":"Kunsan National University","ror":"https://ror.org/02yj55q56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120158604"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Quang-The Bui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6575-6322","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120158604"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100376262","display_name":"Jungwoo Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7260-3703"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019177047","display_name":"Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/035enhp47","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I3019177047","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jungwoo Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Infrastructure Safety Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang 10223, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Infrastructure Safety Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang 10223, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019177047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090557514","display_name":"Changbin Joh","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7658-8790"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3019177047","display_name":"Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/035enhp47","country_code":"KR","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2801339556","https://openalex.org/I3019177047","https://openalex.org/I4210144908","https://openalex.org/I4387152098"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changbin Joh","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Infrastructure Safety Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang 10223, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Infrastructure Safety Research, Korea Institute of Civil Engineering and Building Technology, Goyang 10223, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3019177047"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066754916","display_name":"In-Hwan Yang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1937-0610"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I120158604","display_name":"Kunsan National University","ror":"https://ror.org/02yj55q56","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I120158604"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"In-Hwan Yang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1937-0610","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil Engineering, Kunsan National University, Kunsan 54150, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120158604"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066754916"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I120158604"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2490},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2490},"fwci":0.4857,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.63834199,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"21","first_page":"6630","last_page":"6630"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11643","display_name":"Building materials and conservation","score":0.9805999994277954,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.9768000245094299,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.8688980340957642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ultimate-tensile-strength","display_name":"Ultimate tensile strength","score":0.8503090739250183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mortar","display_name":"Mortar","score":0.8356448411941528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.8321410417556763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flexural-strength","display_name":"Flexural strength","score":0.8176101446151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reinforcement","display_name":"Reinforcement","score":0.7615066170692444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/curing","display_name":"Curing (chemistry)","score":0.7390924692153931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/compressive-strength","display_name":"Compressive strength","score":0.5485584735870361}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8688980340957642},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112950240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q76005","display_name":"Ultimate tensile strength","level":2,"score":0.8503090739250183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C130767629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7905205","display_name":"Mortar","level":2,"score":0.8356448411941528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.8321410417556763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178405089","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857201","display_name":"Flexural strength","level":2,"score":0.8176101446151733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67203356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1321905","display_name":"Reinforcement","level":2,"score":0.7615066170692444},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132976073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2991861","display_name":"Curing (chemistry)","level":2,"score":0.7390924692153931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C30407753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186191","display_name":"Compressive strength","level":2,"score":0.5485584735870361}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma14216630","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14216630","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6630/pdf?version=1635995730","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:34772158","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/34772158","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:277f2c14a5344a3b8670d0fbf1e1cce8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/277f2c14a5344a3b8670d0fbf1e1cce8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Materials, Vol 14, Iss 21, p 6630 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1996-1944/14/21/6630/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma14216630","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Materials; Volume 14; Issue 21; Pages: 6630","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:8586979","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/8586979","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Materials (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma14216630","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma14216630","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/14/21/6630/pdf?version=1635995730","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3208565137.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3208565137.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":37,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1138738429","https://openalex.org/W1997831094","https://openalex.org/W2014634323","https://openalex.org/W2046524506","https://openalex.org/W2587206813","https://openalex.org/W2609713760","https://openalex.org/W2747752427","https://openalex.org/W2753713612","https://openalex.org/W2775294740","https://openalex.org/W2790927589","https://openalex.org/W2884260210","https://openalex.org/W2895555270","https://openalex.org/W2895668282","https://openalex.org/W2914766023","https://openalex.org/W2921177911","https://openalex.org/W2943510535","https://openalex.org/W2945639684","https://openalex.org/W2946527412","https://openalex.org/W2965537287","https://openalex.org/W2982239641","https://openalex.org/W3000751075","https://openalex.org/W3011924048","https://openalex.org/W3013917315","https://openalex.org/W3020926834","https://openalex.org/W3021369003","https://openalex.org/W3041093999","https://openalex.org/W3041474369","https://openalex.org/W3048743805","https://openalex.org/W3085287258","https://openalex.org/W3095177470","https://openalex.org/W3096735051","https://openalex.org/W3096806823","https://openalex.org/W3119132062","https://openalex.org/W3127939564","https://openalex.org/W3133372163","https://openalex.org/W6772874299","https://openalex.org/W6785288777"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4310083477","https://openalex.org/W2328553770","https://openalex.org/W3127417588","https://openalex.org/W2792324762","https://openalex.org/W3033628487","https://openalex.org/W4318215372","https://openalex.org/W4221019789","https://openalex.org/W2054347469","https://openalex.org/W3032894869","https://openalex.org/W2801089283"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"work":[1],"was":[2],"designed":[3],"to":[4,25],"evaluate":[5],"the":[6,26,38,42,98,102,116,121,134,137,147,150,159,165,203,206,222,237],"interlayer":[7,14,20,39,144,155,190,229,238],"strength":[8,153,157,188,192,240],"of":[9,18,28,37,48,73,101,136,158,175,193,205,224,241],"3D-printed":[10,74,138,194,242],"mortar":[11,75,139,169,195,208],"with":[12,77,172],"postinstalled":[13,19],"reinforcement.":[15],"Two":[16],"methods":[17,80],"reinforcement":[21,79,145,230],"were":[22,58,84,94,113,180,216],"considered":[23],"according":[24],"amount":[27],"overlapping.":[29],"The":[30,65,90,105,185],"first":[31],"method":[32,44,234],"did":[33],"not":[34],"include":[35],"overlapping":[36],"reinforcement,":[40],"while":[41],"second":[43],"included":[45],"overlap":[46,173],"lengths":[47,174],"20":[49,176],"and":[50,62,69,81,109,123,177,215],"40":[51,178],"mm.":[52],"Additionally,":[53],"two":[54],"different":[55,78],"curing":[56,82],"conditions":[57,61,83,201,214],"considered:":[59],"air-curing":[60,200],"water-curing":[63],"conditions.":[64],"compressive,":[66,106],"splitting":[67,107,122],"tensile,":[68,108],"flexural":[70,110,124,151,186],"tensile":[71,111,125,130,152,187],"strengths":[72,112,126],"specimens":[76,161,170],"investigated":[85,181],"under":[86,199,212,219],"three":[87,91,99],"loading":[88,92,117],"directions.":[89,118],"directions":[93],"defined":[95],"based":[96],"on":[97,115,133],"planes":[100],"printed":[103,148,160,207],"specimens.":[104,140],"dependent":[114],"In":[119,167],"particular,":[120],"decreased":[127,196],"considerably":[128],"when":[129,142],"stresses":[131],"acted":[132],"interlayers":[135,204],"However,":[141],"longitudinal":[143],"penetrated":[146],"layers,":[149],"or":[154,189],"bonding":[156,191,239],"increased":[162],"significantly":[163],"at":[164],"interlayers.":[166],"addition,":[168],"reinforced":[171],"mm":[179],"in":[182],"this":[183,225],"study.":[184],"after":[197],"treatment":[198],"because":[202],"formed":[209],"more":[210,217],"pores":[211],"these":[213],"vulnerable":[218],"loading.":[220],"Finally,":[221],"findings":[223],"study":[226],"suggested":[227],"that":[228],"is":[231],"a":[232],"potential":[233],"for":[235],"improving":[236],"mortar.":[243]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}