{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2972920636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12182993","title":"Microstructural Characterization of 3D Printed Cementitious Materials","display_name":"Microstructural Characterization of 3D Printed Cementitious Materials","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-09-16","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2972920636","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12182993","mag":"2972920636","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31527419"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma12182993","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12182993","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/12/18/2993/pdf?version=1568616561","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/12/18/2993/pdf?version=1568616561","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000886117","display_name":"Jolien Van Der Putten","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0701-0207"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jolien Van Der Putten","raw_affiliation_strings":["Magnel laboratory for Concrete Research, Department of Structural Engineering, Faculty of engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 60, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Magnel laboratory for Concrete Research, Department of Structural Engineering, Faculty of engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 60, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013290779","display_name":"Maxim Deprez","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6356-5293"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maxim Deprez","raw_affiliation_strings":["PProGRess\u2013UGCT, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S8, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"PProGRess\u2013UGCT, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S8, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074277915","display_name":"Veerle Cnudde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3269-5914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I193662353","display_name":"Utrecht University","ror":"https://ror.org/04pp8hn57","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}],"countries":["BE","NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Veerle Cnudde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chairholder \u201cPorous media imaging techniques\u201d, Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8A, 3584CD Utrecht, The Netherlands","PProGRess\u2013UGCT, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S8, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium","Chairholder \"Porous media imaging techniques\", Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8A, 3584CD Utrecht, The Netherlands"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chairholder \u201cPorous media imaging techniques\u201d, Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8A, 3584CD Utrecht, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"PProGRess\u2013UGCT, Department of Geology, Faculty of Science, Ghent University, Krijgslaan 281, S8, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chairholder \"Porous media imaging techniques\", Department of Earth Sciences, Faculty of Geosciences, Utrecht University, Princetonlaan 8A, 3584CD Utrecht, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I193662353"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021643164","display_name":"Geert De Schutter","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5603-2616"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Geert De Schutter","raw_affiliation_strings":["Magnel laboratory for Concrete Research, Department of Structural Engineering, Faculty of engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 60, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5603-2616","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Magnel laboratory for Concrete Research, Department of Structural Engineering, Faculty of engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 60, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044114803","display_name":"Kim Van Tittelboom","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7718-3189"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","display_name":"Ghent University","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kim Van Tittelboom","raw_affiliation_strings":["Magnel laboratory for Concrete Research, Department of Structural Engineering, Faculty of engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 60, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Magnel laboratory for Concrete Research, Department of Structural Engineering, Faculty of engineering and Architecture, Ghent University, Technologiepark Zwijnaarde 60, B-9052 Ghent, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5000886117"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2490},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2490},"fwci":12.8538,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":191,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9917286,"is_in_top_1_percent":true,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":99,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"18","first_page":"2993","last_page":"2993"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11643","display_name":"Building materials and conservation","score":0.9786999821662903,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1904","display_name":"Earth-Surface Processes"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cementitious","display_name":"Cementitious","score":0.8097427487373352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.8069531917572021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microstructure","display_name":"Microstructure","score":0.7821367383003235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/durability","display_name":"Durability","score":0.6685327291488647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.6479935646057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/calcium-silicate-hydrate","display_name":"Calcium silicate hydrate","score":0.6365728378295898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cement","display_name":"Cement","score":0.5668717622756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmentally-friendly","display_name":"Environmentally friendly","score":0.46691158413887024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/surface-finish","display_name":"Surface finish","score":0.4117586612701416}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779666059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190","display_name":"Cementitious","level":3,"score":0.8097427487373352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.8069531917572021},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87976508","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1498213","display_name":"Microstructure","level":2,"score":0.7821367383003235},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104304963","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5316114","display_name":"Durability","level":2,"score":0.6685327291488647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.6479935646057129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779850335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3791889","display_name":"Calcium silicate hydrate","level":3,"score":0.6365728378295898},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523993062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190","display_name":"Cement","level":2,"score":0.5668717622756958},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C171534860","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q655870","display_name":"Environmentally friendly","level":2,"score":0.46691158413887024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71039073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3439090","display_name":"Surface finish","level":2,"score":0.4117586612701416},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":7,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma12182993","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12182993","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/12/18/2993/pdf?version=1568616561","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:31527419","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31527419","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:archive.ugent.be:8628502","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8628502","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400478","display_name":"Ghent University Academic Bibliography (Ghent University)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I32597200","host_organization_name":"Ghent University","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I32597200"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"ISSN: 1996-1944","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:480da062238241bba17f26f1c79a1b9a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/480da062238241bba17f26f1c79a1b9a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Materials, Vol 12, Iss 18, p 2993 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1996-1944/12/18/2993/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12182993","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:6766306","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/6766306","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Materials (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:uu:oai:dspace.library.uu.nl:1874/395890","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dspace.library.uu.nl/handle/1874/395890","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Materials, 12(18). MDPI AG","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/ma12182993","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/ma12182993","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1996-1944/12/18/2993/pdf?version=1568616561","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S18714766","display_name":"Materials","issn_l":"1996-1944","issn":["1996-1944"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Materials","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.4099999964237213}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321730","display_name":"Fonds Wetenschappelijk Onderzoek","ror":"https://ror.org/03qtxy027"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322603","display_name":"Universiteit Gent","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335227","display_name":"Bijzonder Onderzoeksfonds UGent","ror":"https://ror.org/00cv9y106"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335322","display_name":"European Regional Development Fund","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2972920636.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2972920636.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973050311","https://openalex.org/W2009892931","https://openalex.org/W2027818201","https://openalex.org/W2030488271","https://openalex.org/W2037152844","https://openalex.org/W2047273065","https://openalex.org/W2047402869","https://openalex.org/W2047686499","https://openalex.org/W2057589224","https://openalex.org/W2065327825","https://openalex.org/W2066983363","https://openalex.org/W2071140847","https://openalex.org/W2093311332","https://openalex.org/W2136665235","https://openalex.org/W2138664833","https://openalex.org/W2272848759","https://openalex.org/W2503299386","https://openalex.org/W2505384836","https://openalex.org/W2577987860","https://openalex.org/W2606387782","https://openalex.org/W2741421471","https://openalex.org/W2751236560","https://openalex.org/W2757119208","https://openalex.org/W2790927589","https://openalex.org/W2804367680","https://openalex.org/W2807968168","https://openalex.org/W2921177911","https://openalex.org/W4285719527"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2352180411","https://openalex.org/W2380892508","https://openalex.org/W2386194254","https://openalex.org/W1567463853","https://openalex.org/W159888992","https://openalex.org/W4200313691","https://openalex.org/W4294719499","https://openalex.org/W4296242490","https://openalex.org/W2594988459","https://openalex.org/W2407052600"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Three-dimensional":[0],"concrete":[1,35],"printing":[2,120,225],"(3DCP)":[3],"has":[4,26],"progressed":[5],"rapidly":[6],"in":[7,155,180,211],"recent":[8],"years.":[9],"With":[10],"the":[11,27,39,67,74,81,97,107,115,130,135,139,147,156,172,177,184,190,204,212,219,224,229,233,247,251,258,262],"aim":[12],"to":[13,129,171,182],"realize":[14],"both":[15,227],"buildings":[16],"and":[17,44,80,93,103,106,138,189,203,260],"civil":[18],"works":[19],"without":[20],"using":[21],"any":[22],"molding,":[23],"not":[24,245],"only":[25,246],"need":[28,40],"for":[29,41,101,196],"reliable":[30],"mechanical":[31,112,230],"properties":[32],"of":[33,51,69,86,117,134,149,158,176,193,201,214,232,250],"printed":[34,178,234],"grown,":[36],"but":[37,253],"also":[38,208,256],"more":[42,209],"durable":[43],"environmentally":[45],"friendly":[46],"materials.":[47],"As":[48],"a":[49,118,122,159],"consequence":[50],"super":[52],"positioning":[53],"cementitious":[54],"layers,":[55],"voids":[56],"are":[57],"created":[58,127],"which":[59],"can":[60],"negatively":[61],"affect":[62,244,257],"durability.":[63],"This":[64,166,236],"paper":[65],"presents":[66],"results":[68,108],"an":[70],"experimental":[71],"study":[72,237],"on":[73,96],"relationship":[75],"between":[76],"3DCP":[77],"process":[78,89,241],"parameters":[79,90,242],"formed":[82],"microstructure.":[83],"The":[84,199],"effect":[85],"two":[87],"different":[88],"(printing":[91],"speed":[92,226],"inter-layer":[94,161,220],"time)":[95],"microstructure":[98],"was":[99,126,153],"established":[100],"fresh":[102],"hardened":[104],"states,":[105],"were":[109,207],"correlated":[110],"with":[111],"performance.":[113],"In":[114],"case":[116,157,213],"higher":[119,131,140,154,173],"speed,":[121],"lower":[123,160,191,215],"surface":[124],"roughness":[125],"due":[128],"kinetic":[132],"energy":[133],"sand":[136],"particles":[137,152],"force":[141],"applied.":[142],"Microstructural":[143],"investigations":[144],"revealed":[145],"that":[146,239],"amount":[148,192],"unhydrated":[150],"cement":[151],"interval":[162,222],"(i.e.,":[163],"10":[164],"min).":[165],"phenomenon":[167],"could":[168],"be":[169],"related":[170],"water":[174,194],"demand":[175],"layer":[179],"order":[181],"rebuild":[183],"early":[185],"Calcium-Silicate-Hydrate":[186],"(CSH)":[187],"bridges":[188],"available":[195],"further":[197],"hydration.":[198],"number":[200],"pores":[202],"pore":[205],"distribution":[206],"pronounced":[210],"time":[216,221],"intervals.":[217],"Increasing":[218],"or":[223],"lowered":[228],"performance":[231],"specimens.":[235],"emphasizes":[238],"individual":[240],"will":[243,255],"structural":[248],"behavior":[249],"material,":[252],"they":[254],"durability":[259],"consequently":[261],"resistance":[263],"against":[264],"aggressive":[265],"chemical":[266],"substances.":[267]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":38},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":36},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":31},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":39},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":26},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":14}],"updated_date":"2026-04-26T08:31:28.666265","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}