{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387059427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131910671","title":"Architectural 3D-Printed Structures Created Using Artificial Intelligence: A Review of Techniques and Applications","display_name":"Architectural 3D-Printed Structures Created Using Artificial Intelligence: A Review of Techniques and Applications","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-09-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387059427","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131910671"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/app131910671","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131910671","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/19/10671/pdf?version=1695691534","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/19/10671/pdf?version=1695691534","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5082448370","display_name":"Milijana \u017divkovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7191-417X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4068193","display_name":"University of Belgrade","ror":"https://ror.org/02qsmb048","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4068193"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Milijana \u017divkovi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-7191-417X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4068193"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034278447","display_name":"Ma\u0161a \u017dujovi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6346-5102"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4068193","display_name":"University of Belgrade","ror":"https://ror.org/02qsmb048","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4068193"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ma\u0161a \u017dujovi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6346-5102","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4068193"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010562815","display_name":"Jelena Milo\u0161evi\u0107","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7293-8194"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4068193","display_name":"University of Belgrade","ror":"https://ror.org/02qsmb048","country_code":"RS","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4068193"]}],"countries":["RS"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jelena Milo\u0161evi\u0107","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7293-8194","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade, Bulevar kralja Aleksandra 73/II, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4068193"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5010562815"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4068193"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2490},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2490},"fwci":3.3175,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":22,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91905464,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"19","first_page":"10671","last_page":"10671"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-printing","display_name":"3D printing","score":0.6360504627227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/standardization","display_name":"Standardization","score":0.5931573510169983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5153254866600037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.4826560616493225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-printed","display_name":"3d printed","score":0.47896435856819153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.4615741968154907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4539884328842163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.4400452971458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.4370359182357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.4013507068157196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manufacturing-engineering","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","score":0.3078386187553406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.08977842330932617}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524769229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367","display_name":"3D printing","level":2,"score":0.6360504627227783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188087704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q369577","display_name":"Standardization","level":2,"score":0.5931573510169983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5153254866600037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4826560616493225},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019308078","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367","display_name":"3d printed","level":2,"score":0.47896435856819153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.4615741968154907},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4539884328842163},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.4400452971458435},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.4370359182357788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.4013507068157196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117671659","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11049265","display_name":"Manufacturing engineering","level":1,"score":0.3078386187553406},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.08977842330932617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153349607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36649","display_name":"Visual arts","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/app131910671","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131910671","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/19/10671/pdf?version=1695691534","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:be10adba58a94b448fce5675d51cc24a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/be10adba58a94b448fce5675d51cc24a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences, Vol 13, Iss 19, p 10671 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2076-3417/13/19/10671/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app131910671","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:raf.arh.bg.ac.rs:123456789/1378","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://raf.arh.bg.ac.rs/handle/123456789/1378","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402102","display_name":"RAF (Faculty of Architecture, University of Belgrade)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210101313","host_organization_name":"University Hospital Center Dr Dragi\u0161a Mi\u0161ovi\u0107","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210101313"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/app131910671","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app131910671","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/13/19/10671/pdf?version=1695691534","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","score":0.5699999928474426}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2694529125","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"451-03-68/","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322729","funder_display_name":"Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnolo\u0161kog Razvoja"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3503081187","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"451-03-68/2020-14","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322729","funder_display_name":"Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnolo\u0161kog Razvoja"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5376449183","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"451-03-68/2020-14/200090","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322729","funder_display_name":"Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnolo\u0161kog Razvoja"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5777119142","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"200090","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322729","funder_display_name":"Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnolo\u0161kog Razvoja"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7752182507","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"451-03-68","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322729","funder_display_name":"Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnolo\u0161kog Razvoja"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322729","display_name":"Ministarstvo Prosvete, Nauke i Tehnolo\u0161kog Razvoja","ror":"https://ror.org/01znas443"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387059427.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":75,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2069134922","https://openalex.org/W2081934888","https://openalex.org/W2093311332","https://openalex.org/W2150220236","https://openalex.org/W2486112845","https://openalex.org/W2496897087","https://openalex.org/W2540900744","https://openalex.org/W2562325507","https://openalex.org/W2759288223","https://openalex.org/W2765811365","https://openalex.org/W2781847911","https://openalex.org/W2795937275","https://openalex.org/W2799328997","https://openalex.org/W2807113035","https://openalex.org/W2808000702","https://openalex.org/W2891059300","https://openalex.org/W2911537418","https://openalex.org/W2943924990","https://openalex.org/W2995268542","https://openalex.org/W2998800436","https://openalex.org/W3001491100","https://openalex.org/W3004460425","https://openalex.org/W3043532440","https://openalex.org/W3049331511","https://openalex.org/W3089246515","https://openalex.org/W3092226864","https://openalex.org/W3101958851","https://openalex.org/W3118615836","https://openalex.org/W3119943851","https://openalex.org/W3129727108","https://openalex.org/W3135028703","https://openalex.org/W3146570358","https://openalex.org/W3159930164","https://openalex.org/W3162041493","https://openalex.org/W3193420843","https://openalex.org/W3194692377","https://openalex.org/W3208789643","https://openalex.org/W3211362190","https://openalex.org/W3212017751","https://openalex.org/W4205282267","https://openalex.org/W4205528564","https://openalex.org/W4205947740","https://openalex.org/W4220696506","https://openalex.org/W4221017562","https://openalex.org/W4221031004","https://openalex.org/W4224055972","https://openalex.org/W4226054155","https://openalex.org/W4230534718","https://openalex.org/W4255427188","https://openalex.org/W4281392299","https://openalex.org/W4281670743","https://openalex.org/W4283392904","https://openalex.org/W4285010797","https://openalex.org/W4285682802","https://openalex.org/W4285795514","https://openalex.org/W4286284501","https://openalex.org/W4286948746","https://openalex.org/W4293239324","https://openalex.org/W4293659589","https://openalex.org/W4294215472","https://openalex.org/W4297837645","https://openalex.org/W4297985168","https://openalex.org/W4309123601","https://openalex.org/W4310862077","https://openalex.org/W4312159856","https://openalex.org/W4315641295","https://openalex.org/W4318317913","https://openalex.org/W4321793802","https://openalex.org/W4324131062","https://openalex.org/W4364382137","https://openalex.org/W4366979997","https://openalex.org/W6781843153","https://openalex.org/W6795081654","https://openalex.org/W6803428847","https://openalex.org/W6850155349"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3036311796","https://openalex.org/W4285543619","https://openalex.org/W3060781368","https://openalex.org/W3134271515","https://openalex.org/W4319589397","https://openalex.org/W1955801659","https://openalex.org/W2582005554","https://openalex.org/W3131618301","https://openalex.org/W3158363272","https://openalex.org/W3010466765"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Artificial":[0],"Intelligence":[1],"(AI)":[2],"and":[3,22,48,69,98,112,115,126,131,169],"3D":[4,186],"printing":[5,161,164,187],"(3DP)":[6],"play":[7],"considerable":[8],"roles":[9],"in":[10,61,77,104,120,183],"what":[11],"is":[12,142],"known":[13],"as":[14],"the":[15,56,75,78,92,105,147,154,158,176,179,194,197],"Fourth":[16],"Industrial":[17],"Revolution,":[18],"by":[19,33],"developing":[20],"data-":[21],"machine-intelligence-based":[23],"integrated":[24],"production":[25,49,106,122],"technologies.":[26],"In":[27],"architecture,":[28],"this":[29],"shift":[30],"was":[31],"induced":[32],"increasingly":[34],"complex":[35],"design":[36,43,159,173],"requirements,":[37],"posing":[38],"important":[39],"challenges":[40,114],"for":[41,134,207],"real-world":[42],"implementation,":[44],"large-scale":[45,184],"structure":[46],"fabrication,":[47],"quality":[50,165],"standardization.":[51],"The":[52,80,137],"study":[53,195],"systematically":[54],"reviews":[55],"application":[57,180],"of":[58,64,74,91,94,107,117,123,157,171,178,181,199],"AI":[59,103,118,141,182],"techniques":[60],"all":[62],"stages":[63],"creating":[65],"3D-printed":[66,108,124],"architectural":[67,121,185,209],"structures":[68],"provides":[70],"a":[71,87],"comprehensive":[72,88],"image":[73],"development":[76],"field.":[79],"research":[81,129],"goals":[82],"are":[83],"to":[84,101,146,190],"(1)":[85],"offer":[86],"critical":[89],"analysis":[90],"body":[93],"literature;":[95],"(2)":[96],"identify":[97,111,128],"categorize":[99],"approaches":[100],"integrating":[102],"structures;":[109,125],"(3)":[110],"discuss":[113],"opportunities":[116,206],"integration":[119],"(4)":[127],"gaps":[130],"provide":[132],"recommendations":[133],"future":[135],"research.":[136],"findings":[138],"indicate":[139],"that":[140],"an":[143],"emerging":[144],"addition":[145],"3DP":[148],"process,":[149],"mainly":[150],"transforming":[151],"it":[152],"through":[153],"real-time":[155],"adjustment":[156],"or":[160,167],"parameters,":[162],"enhanced":[163],"control,":[166],"prediction":[168],"optimization":[170],"key":[172],"features.":[174],"However,":[175],"potential":[177],"still":[188],"needs":[189],"be":[191],"explored.":[192],"Lastly,":[193],"emphasizes":[196],"necessity":[198],"redefining":[200],"traditional":[201],"field":[202],"boundaries,":[203],"opening":[204],"new":[205],"intelligent":[208],"production.":[210]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
