{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4221075254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app12062939","title":"Experimental Study of 3D Concrete Printing Configurations Based on the Buildability Evaluation","display_name":"Experimental Study of 3D Concrete Printing Configurations Based on the Buildability Evaluation","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-03-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4221075254","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app12062939"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/app12062939","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app12062939","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/6/2939/pdf?version=1647314489","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/6/2939/pdf?version=1647314489","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101398666","display_name":"Hongzhi Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1711-0516"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongzhi Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101495799","display_name":"Yuanhong Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2039-6765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanhong Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006200933","display_name":"Xiangpeng Cao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6179-2852"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I180726961","display_name":"Shenzhen University","ror":"https://ror.org/01vy4gh70","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiangpeng Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6179-2852","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Civil and Transportation Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518061, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112751953","display_name":"Mingyang Huang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210148225","display_name":"China State Construction Engineering (China)","ror":"https://ror.org/03kgcsq08","country_code":"CN","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210148225"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mingyang Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China State Construction Hailong Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518110, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China State Construction Hailong Technology Co., Ltd., Shenzhen 518110, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210148225"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044911123","display_name":"Waiching Tang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9305-116X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I78757542","display_name":"University of Newcastle Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/00eae9z71","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I78757542"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Waiching Tang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Architecture and Built Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9305-116X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Architecture and Built Environment, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, NSW 2308, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I78757542"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5011466881","display_name":"Zongjin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8477-6863"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204512498","display_name":"University of Macau","ror":"https://ror.org/01r4q9n85","country_code":"MO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}],"countries":["MO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zongjin Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Applied Physics and Materials Engineering, University of Macau, Macao SAR 999078, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204512498"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":3,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5006200933"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I180726961"],"apc_list":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2490},"apc_paid":{"value":2300,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2490},"fwci":1.4036,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":14,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78107749,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"6","first_page":"2939","last_page":"2939"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12190","display_name":"Innovations in Concrete and Construction Materials","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10783","display_name":"Additive Manufacturing and 3D Printing Technologies","score":0.9933000206947327,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11006","display_name":"BIM and Construction Integration","score":0.9793999791145325,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.633862316608429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/3d-printing","display_name":"3D printing","score":0.6002746224403381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stacking","display_name":"Stacking","score":0.5767598748207092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cementitious","display_name":"Cementitious","score":0.5473425984382629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/layer","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","score":0.42396125197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/composite-material","display_name":"Composite material","score":0.4158863425254822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reduction","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","score":0.4153635799884796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering-drawing","display_name":"Engineering drawing","score":0.368594765663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-engineering","display_name":"Structural engineering","score":0.36528223752975464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.19456428289413452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cement","display_name":"Cement","score":0.1522800326347351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.1289336085319519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.1072300374507904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.0547046959400177}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.633862316608429},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524769229","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q229367","display_name":"3D printing","level":2,"score":0.6002746224403381},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33347731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q285210","display_name":"Stacking","level":2,"score":0.5767598748207092},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779666059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190","display_name":"Cementitious","level":3,"score":0.5473425984382629},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779227376","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6505497","display_name":"Layer (electronics)","level":2,"score":0.42396125197410583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159985019","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181790","display_name":"Composite material","level":1,"score":0.4158863425254822},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111335779","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454686","display_name":"Reduction (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.4153635799884796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199639397","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1788588","display_name":"Engineering drawing","level":1,"score":0.368594765663147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66938386","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q633538","display_name":"Structural engineering","level":1,"score":0.36528223752975464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.19456428289413452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523993062","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45190","display_name":"Cement","level":2,"score":0.1522800326347351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.1289336085319519},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.1072300374507904},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0547046959400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46141821","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q209402","display_name":"Nuclear magnetic resonance","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/app12062939","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app12062939","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/6/2939/pdf?version=1647314489","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fd1f3f4cda284c169f9b9604216640ca","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fd1f3f4cda284c169f9b9604216640ca","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences, Vol 12, Iss 6, p 2939 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2076-3417/12/6/2939/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12062939","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences; Volume 12; Issue 6; Pages: 2939","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.hkust.edu.hk:1783.1-164447","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"http://repository.hkust.edu.hk/ir/Record/1783.1-164447","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401796","display_name":"Rare & Special e-Zone (The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I200769079","host_organization_name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200769079"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/app12062939","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/app12062939","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2076-3417/12/6/2939/pdf?version=1647314489","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210205812","display_name":"Applied Sciences","issn_l":"2076-3417","issn":["2076-3417"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Applied Sciences","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4221075254.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4221075254.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":39,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973050311","https://openalex.org/W2046391587","https://openalex.org/W2047273065","https://openalex.org/W2093311332","https://openalex.org/W2138664833","https://openalex.org/W2606387782","https://openalex.org/W2744298129","https://openalex.org/W2747237395","https://openalex.org/W2757119208","https://openalex.org/W2775294740","https://openalex.org/W2781956876","https://openalex.org/W2789280231","https://openalex.org/W2790927589","https://openalex.org/W2800427664","https://openalex.org/W2801051808","https://openalex.org/W2883378394","https://openalex.org/W2886568155","https://openalex.org/W2889796981","https://openalex.org/W2906101038","https://openalex.org/W2915309218","https://openalex.org/W2947719166","https://openalex.org/W2947982566","https://openalex.org/W2972983057","https://openalex.org/W2990427106","https://openalex.org/W2998953382","https://openalex.org/W3011882138","https://openalex.org/W3013917315","https://openalex.org/W3014468256","https://openalex.org/W3016681494","https://openalex.org/W3021369003","https://openalex.org/W3026114808","https://openalex.org/W3040001828","https://openalex.org/W3093021825","https://openalex.org/W3095177470","https://openalex.org/W3119500483","https://openalex.org/W3167298778","https://openalex.org/W3173451977","https://openalex.org/W3182884569","https://openalex.org/W4212970580"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3082440218","https://openalex.org/W2380293314","https://openalex.org/W2943188944","https://openalex.org/W2137307547","https://openalex.org/W4285802202","https://openalex.org/W2082293200","https://openalex.org/W3008690834","https://openalex.org/W4242480814","https://openalex.org/W2051270029","https://openalex.org/W2037040571"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Different":[0],"formulations":[1],"for":[2,10,21,38,115,123,131],"3D":[3],"printable":[4,28],"cementitious":[5],"composites":[6],"have":[7],"been":[8],"developed":[9],"extrusion-based":[11],"printing.":[12],"However,":[13],"there":[14],"is":[15],"a":[16],"lack":[17],"of":[18,53,87,100,133],"configuration":[19,39],"guides":[20],"actual":[22],"printing":[23,32,151,155],"operations,":[24],"which":[25],"integrate":[26],"one":[27,31],"material":[29,47,148],"and":[30,43,56,74,125,129,150,157],"system":[33],"closely.":[34],"Three":[35],"testing":[36],"methods":[37],"determination":[40],"were":[41,112,138],"proposed":[42],"tested":[44],"with":[45,49],"three":[46,135],"proportions,":[48],"initial":[50],"setting":[51],"times":[52],"2,":[54],"8,":[55],"13":[57],"min,":[58],"respectively.":[59],"The":[60,76,91],"building":[61],"index":[62],"(BI)":[63],"measures":[64],"the":[65,71,82,85,88,97,101,109,116,134,139,145,154],"layer":[66,158],"stacking":[67],"stability":[68],"based":[69],"on":[70],"material,":[72],"scale,":[73],"device.":[75],"height":[77,86,117],"reduction":[78,118],"test":[79],"(HRT)":[80],"quantifies":[81],"shortening":[83],"in":[84],"printed":[89],"filaments.":[90],"leaning":[92],"angle":[93],"(LA)":[94],"refers":[95],"to":[96,143],"maximum":[98],"slope":[99],"stacked":[102],"layers.":[103],"In":[104],"this":[105],"study,":[106],"results":[107],"showed":[108],"critical":[110],"values":[111],"(a)":[113],"0.167":[114],"ratio":[119],"(HRR),":[120],"(b)":[121],"40\u00b0":[122],"LA,":[124],"(c)":[126],"0~19.1,":[127],"0~61.1,":[128],"0~99.4":[130],"BI":[132],"mixtures.":[136],"They":[137],"meta":[140],"parameters":[141],"used":[142],"guide":[144],"CAD":[146],"sketching,":[147],"development,":[149],"configurations,":[152],"including":[153],"speed":[156],"height.":[159]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}