{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4317932044","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11020063","title":"A Study on the Spatial Correlation Effects of Digital Economy Development in China from a Non-Linear Perspective","display_name":"A Study on the Spatial Correlation Effects of Digital Economy Development in China from a Non-Linear Perspective","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4317932044","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11020063"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems11020063","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11020063","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/11/2/63/pdf?version=1675938392","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/11/2/63/pdf?version=1675938392","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100538478","display_name":"Huang Jie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-8230-1424"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I130750295","display_name":"Xinyang Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190x2a66","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I130750295"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jie Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business, Research Institute of the Economic and Social Development in the Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464031, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, Research Institute of the Economic and Social Development in the Dabie Mountains, Xinyang Normal University, Xinyang 464031, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130750295"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112124611","display_name":"Huali Jin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I59483232","display_name":"Shandong University of Finance and Economics","ror":"https://ror.org/02e2nnq08","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I59483232"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Huali Jin","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan 250014, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics, Shandong University of Finance and Economics, Jinan 250014, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I59483232"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5060402293","display_name":"Xuhui Ding","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5682-9019"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115592961","display_name":"Jiangsu University","ror":"https://ror.org/03jc41j30","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuhui Ding","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5682-9019","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Finance and Economics, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang 212013, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115592961"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101769261","display_name":"Zhang Aihua","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9827-2420"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183006215","display_name":"Shijiazhuang University","ror":"https://ror.org/028rmam09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183006215"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aihua Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Resource and Environmental Science, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang 050037, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Resource and Environmental Science, Shijiazhuang University, Shijiazhuang 050037, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183006215"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100538478"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I130750295"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":5.0672,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95004594,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"2","first_page":"63","last_page":"63"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10438","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10438","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11014","display_name":"Regional Economics and Spatial Analysis","score":0.9679999947547913,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11911","display_name":"Spatial and Panel Data Analysis","score":0.9629999995231628,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/granger-causality","display_name":"Granger causality","score":0.6352898478507996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.5560520887374878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-analysis","display_name":"Spatial analysis","score":0.5219570994377136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.48831507563591003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-economy","display_name":"Digital economy","score":0.466100811958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economy","display_name":"Economy","score":0.4390419125556946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linear-relationship","display_name":"Linear relationship","score":0.4335610270500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/linkage","display_name":"Linkage (software)","score":0.4292010962963104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-geography","display_name":"Economic geography","score":0.40177881717681885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/econometrics","display_name":"Econometrics","score":0.3795962333679199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.33269140124320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.21119526028633118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.18146160244941711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.15273833274841309}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129824826","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2630107","display_name":"Granger causality","level":2,"score":0.6352898478507996},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.5560520887374878},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.5219570994377136},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.48831507563591003},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203043789","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q138461","display_name":"Digital economy","level":2,"score":0.466100811958313},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136264566","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159810","display_name":"Economy","level":1,"score":0.4390419125556946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3019152653","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186290","display_name":"Linear relationship","level":2,"score":0.4335610270500183},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31266012","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6554340","display_name":"Linkage (software)","level":3,"score":0.4292010962963104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.40177881717681885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149782125","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160039","display_name":"Econometrics","level":1,"score":0.3795962333679199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.33269140124320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.21119526028633118},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.18146160244941711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.15273833274841309},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems11020063","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11020063","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/11/2/63/pdf?version=1675938392","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5c20dfd40340468bb7246da7ca0144e1","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5c20dfd40340468bb7246da7ca0144e1","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems, Vol 11, Iss 2, p 63 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2079-8954/11/2/63/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems11020063","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems; Volume 11; Issue 2; Pages: 63","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems11020063","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11020063","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/11/2/63/pdf?version=1675938392","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6700000166893005,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2127796564","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020A1515110425","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","funder_display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3296206955","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021-CX-054","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","funder_display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3681976242","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21FJYB047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","funder_display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5312528984","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2021-CX-054","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5490877112","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72203197","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","funder_display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5843080439","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020A1515110425","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7269573264","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21FJYB047","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8859366517","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72203197","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327564","display_name":"Xinyang Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0190x2a66"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335834","display_name":"Nanhu Scholars Program for Young Scholars of Xinyang Normal University","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335869","display_name":"National Social Science Fund of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4317932044.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":57,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W950821216","https://openalex.org/W1540857502","https://openalex.org/W1968733464","https://openalex.org/W1995082518","https://openalex.org/W2009706425","https://openalex.org/W2010546785","https://openalex.org/W2048037012","https://openalex.org/W2049239673","https://openalex.org/W2054218497","https://openalex.org/W2092981979","https://openalex.org/W2095996947","https://openalex.org/W2145339411","https://openalex.org/W2258745578","https://openalex.org/W2565329278","https://openalex.org/W2605993057","https://openalex.org/W2773889238","https://openalex.org/W2901482418","https://openalex.org/W2929744447","https://openalex.org/W2936228844","https://openalex.org/W3008286645","https://openalex.org/W3013263642","https://openalex.org/W3022772664","https://openalex.org/W3023637754","https://openalex.org/W3047035251","https://openalex.org/W3049695052","https://openalex.org/W3116714513","https://openalex.org/W3123324578","https://openalex.org/W3131468385","https://openalex.org/W3153004832","https://openalex.org/W3189895327","https://openalex.org/W3196002924","https://openalex.org/W3199629813","https://openalex.org/W3203841152","https://openalex.org/W3206013991","https://openalex.org/W3206965752","https://openalex.org/W3215458820","https://openalex.org/W4200107205","https://openalex.org/W4205263742","https://openalex.org/W4210531336","https://openalex.org/W4220803659","https://openalex.org/W4226490131","https://openalex.org/W4243499982","https://openalex.org/W4244663805","https://openalex.org/W4281705033","https://openalex.org/W4293874866","https://openalex.org/W4302362416","https://openalex.org/W4312261447","https://openalex.org/W4313390578","https://openalex.org/W6662636791","https://openalex.org/W6731024665","https://openalex.org/W6753828283","https://openalex.org/W6761364149","https://openalex.org/W6774647362","https://openalex.org/W6790804266","https://openalex.org/W6794013013","https://openalex.org/W6847646257","https://openalex.org/W6848796897"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W126301054","https://openalex.org/W4251195004","https://openalex.org/W4242807451","https://openalex.org/W2127540830","https://openalex.org/W3146892535","https://openalex.org/W3122103894","https://openalex.org/W4282976635","https://openalex.org/W2109743056","https://openalex.org/W2390386547","https://openalex.org/W3124513043"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"analysis":[1,61,120],"of":[2,16,21,28,36,70,89,102,125,146,168],"the":[3,14,25,33,53,66,84,87,98,103,123,126,130,138,147,166,172],"spatial":[4,7,67,91,169],"correlation":[5,68],"effects,":[6],"aggregation":[8],"patterns,":[9],"and":[10,58,137,157],"critical":[11],"factors":[12,85],"in":[13,47,106,171],"development":[15,27,124],"China\u2019s":[17,29,71],"digital":[18,41,72,104,127,173],"economy":[19,42,105,128],"is":[20,134,142],"great":[22],"significance":[23],"to":[24,51,64,81],"high-quality":[26],"economy.":[30,73,174],"Based":[31],"on":[32,165],"monthly":[34],"data":[35],"\u201cThe":[37],"Tencent":[38],"Internet":[39],"Plus\u201d":[40],"index":[43],"for":[44],"31":[45,107],"provinces":[46,109],"China":[48],"from":[49],"2018":[50],"2020,":[52],"non-linear":[54,90,113],"Granger":[55],"causality":[56],"test":[57],"social":[59],"network":[60,116],"were":[62],"applied":[63],"reveal":[65],"effects":[69],"The":[74,94,144],"quadratic":[75],"assignment":[76,149],"procedure":[77,150],"(QAP)":[78],"was":[79],"used":[80],"empirically":[82],"examine":[83],"influencing":[86],"formation":[88,167],"association":[92],"networks.":[93],"results":[95,145],"show":[96],"that":[97,122,152],"spatially":[99,114],"linked":[100],"relationships":[101],"Chinese":[108],"exhibit":[110],"a":[111,161,180],"significant":[112,162,181],"correlated":[115],"structure.":[117],"Block":[118],"model":[119],"reveals":[121],"between":[129],"four":[131],"major":[132],"sectors":[133],"closely":[135],"linked,":[136],"national":[139],"linkage":[140],"effect":[141],"significant.":[143],"secondary":[148],"indicate":[151],"capital":[153],"stock,":[154],"information":[155],"infrastructure,":[156],"geographical":[158],"proximity":[159],"have":[160],"positive":[163],"impact":[164],"linkages":[170],"In":[175],"contrast,":[176],"technological":[177],"innovation":[178],"has":[179],"negative":[182],"impact.":[183]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}