{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4406334829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17010104","title":"The Efficiency of the New Extended EWMA Control Chart for Detecting Changes Under an Autoregressive Model and Its Application","display_name":"The Efficiency of the New Extended EWMA Control Chart for Detecting Changes Under an Autoregressive Model and Its Application","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-01-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4406334829","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17010104"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17010104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17010104","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/1/104/pdf?version=1736846380","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/1/104/pdf?version=1736846380","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076993579","display_name":"Kotchaporn Karoon","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-1404-6134"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I66200439","display_name":"Naresuan University","ror":"https://ror.org/03e2qe334","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I66200439"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kotchaporn Karoon","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand","Research Center for Academic Excellence in Mathematics, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Faculty of Science, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66200439"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Research Center for Academic Excellence in Mathematics, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok 65000, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I66200439"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069945313","display_name":"Yupaporn Areepong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5103-9867"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I82828225","display_name":"King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok","ror":"https://ror.org/04fy6jb97","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I82828225"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yupaporn Areepong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Applied Statistics, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut\u2019s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand","Department of Applied Statistics, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5103-9867","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Statistics, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut\u2019s University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82828225"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Applied Statistics, Faculty of Applied Science, King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok, Bangkok 10800, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82828225"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069945313"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I82828225"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":9.0118,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.97985225,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"17","issue":"1","first_page":"104","last_page":"104"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11443","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Process Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11443","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Process Monitoring","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11890","display_name":"Scientific Measurement and Uncertainty Evaluation","score":0.9907000064849854,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11871","display_name":"Advanced Statistical Methods and Models","score":0.9860000014305115,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2613","display_name":"Statistics and Probability"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ewma-chart","display_name":"EWMA chart","score":0.9785875678062439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-chart","display_name":"Control chart","score":0.8321475982666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/x-bar-chart","display_name":"X-bar chart","score":0.6832422018051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-limits","display_name":"Control limits","score":0.5488746762275696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chart","display_name":"Chart","score":0.5022950172424316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4979434013366699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.46864765882492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/autoregressive-model","display_name":"Autoregressive model","score":0.45581263303756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.45252931118011475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/moving-average","display_name":"Moving average","score":0.4497872292995453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3779255747795105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.3304547369480133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.27098751068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.20576009154319763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.08440107107162476}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74746147","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5324652","display_name":"EWMA chart","level":4,"score":0.9785875678062439},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C196985124","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369242","display_name":"Control chart","level":3,"score":0.8321475982666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167779127","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8041542","display_name":"X-bar chart","level":5,"score":0.6832422018051147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166623804","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165860","display_name":"Control limits","level":4,"score":0.5488746762275696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190812933","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q28923","display_name":"Chart","level":2,"score":0.5022950172424316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4979434013366699},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.46864765882492065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159877910","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2202883","display_name":"Autoregressive model","level":2,"score":0.45581263303756714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.45252931118011475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175706884","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1130194","display_name":"Moving average","level":2,"score":0.4497872292995453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3779255747795105},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.3304547369480133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.27098751068115234},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.20576009154319763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.08440107107162476},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17010104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17010104","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/1/104/pdf?version=1736846380","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b475702fe7a74f52af2b00cbae3d9913","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b475702fe7a74f52af2b00cbae3d9913","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 17, Iss 1, p 104 (2025)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/17/1/104/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym17010104","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym17010104","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym17010104","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/17/1/104/pdf?version=1736846380","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320324344","display_name":"King Mongkut's University of Technology North Bangkok","ror":"https://ror.org/04fy6jb97"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329659","display_name":"Thailand Science Research and Innovation","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406334829.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4406334829.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":22,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2016314202","https://openalex.org/W2017740994","https://openalex.org/W2033361390","https://openalex.org/W2044700991","https://openalex.org/W2051903196","https://openalex.org/W2056821499","https://openalex.org/W2804546635","https://openalex.org/W2901360602","https://openalex.org/W3024410487","https://openalex.org/W3182634474","https://openalex.org/W3204819535","https://openalex.org/W4211256688","https://openalex.org/W4229980202","https://openalex.org/W4313287642","https://openalex.org/W4380362897","https://openalex.org/W4381250512","https://openalex.org/W4388273857","https://openalex.org/W4400516124","https://openalex.org/W4401809891","https://openalex.org/W6858151085","https://openalex.org/W6869740090","https://openalex.org/W6923685094"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2022867152","https://openalex.org/W4214626283","https://openalex.org/W2126524872","https://openalex.org/W1544415648","https://openalex.org/W2001940661","https://openalex.org/W4318317915","https://openalex.org/W1975925382","https://openalex.org/W2036427829","https://openalex.org/W2970521471","https://openalex.org/W1980719083"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Control":[0],"charts":[1,200,266],"are":[2,40],"frequently":[3],"used":[4,131],"instruments":[5],"for":[6,12,88],"process":[7],"quality":[8],"monitoring.":[9],"Another":[10],"name":[11],"the":[13,18,44,56,65,74,89,95,101,113,117,151,165,173,177,187,194,204,217,224,242,249,260],"NEEWMA":[14,57,96,118,166,188,213],"control":[15,28,32,37,97,119,167,189,199,214,229,265],"chart":[16,58,98,168,190,215],"is":[17,59,111,122,145,169,191,237],"new":[19],"extended":[20,26,197,225,263],"exponentially":[21],"weighted":[22],"moving":[23],"average":[24,90,243],"(new":[25],"EWMA)":[27],"chart.":[29],"The":[30,109,140,161,184,212],"lower":[31],"limit":[33,38],"(LCL)":[34],"and":[35,79,135,196,206,227,248,262,270],"upper":[36],"(UCL)":[39],"equally":[41],"spaced":[42],"from":[43,73],"center":[45],"line,":[46],"giving":[47],"it":[48,149,257],"a":[49],"symmetrical":[50],"design.":[51],"Because":[52],"of":[53,94,116,137,142,186,233],"its":[54,234,282],"symmetry,":[55],"very":[60],"good":[61],"at":[62],"identifying":[63],"even":[64],"tiniest":[66],"changes":[67],"in":[68,76,219],"operation":[69],"by":[70,147,176,201,223],"detecting":[71],"deviations":[72],"target":[75],"both":[77,203,259],"upward":[78],"downward":[80],"directions.":[81],"This":[82],"study":[83],"derives":[84],"an":[85,274],"explicit":[86,125],"formula":[87,144],"run":[91,209],"length":[92,210],"(ARL)":[93],"based":[99],"on":[100,112],"autoregressive":[102],"(AR)":[103],"model":[104],"with":[105,193],"exponential":[106],"white":[107],"noise.":[108],"focus":[110],"zero-state":[114],"performance":[115,185,236,250],"chart,":[120],"which":[121,254],"derived":[123],"using":[124,157,241,277],"formulas.":[126],"Banach\u2019s":[127],"fixed-point":[128],"theorem":[129],"was":[130],"to":[132,150],"prove":[133],"existence":[134],"uniqueness":[136],"this":[138,143],"formula.":[139],"accuracy":[141,159],"validated":[146],"comparing":[148],"numerical":[152],"integral":[153],"equation":[154],"(NIE)":[155],"method":[156],"percentage":[158],"(%Acc).":[160],"results":[162],"show":[163],"that":[164,256],"more":[170],"efficient":[171],"than":[172],"ARL":[174,205],"evaluated":[175],"NIE":[178],"method,":[179],"particularly":[180],"regarding":[181],"computation":[182],"time.":[183],"compared":[192],"EWMA":[195,198,226,228,261,264],"evaluating":[202],"standard":[207],"deviation":[208],"(SDRL).":[211],"outperforms":[216,258],"others":[218],"detection":[220],"performance,":[221],"followed":[222],"charts.":[230],"Further":[231],"verification":[232],"superior":[235],"provided":[238],"through":[239],"comparisons":[240],"extra":[244],"quadratic":[245],"loss":[246],"(AEQL)":[247],"comparison":[251],"index":[252],"(PCI),":[253],"confirm":[255],"across":[267],"various":[268],"parameters":[269],"shift":[271],"sizes.":[272],"Finally,":[273],"illustrative":[275],"example":[276],"real-life":[278],"economic":[279],"data":[280],"demonstrates":[281],"efficiency.":[283]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
