{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2540497460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8110885","title":"Lake Level Estimation Based on CryoSat-2 SAR Altimetry and Multi-Looked Waveform Classification","display_name":"Lake Level Estimation Based on CryoSat-2 SAR Altimetry and Multi-Looked Waveform Classification","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-10-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2540497460","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8110885","mag":"2540497460"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs8110885","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8110885","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/11/885/pdf?version=1477473163","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/11/885/pdf?version=1477473163","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081314928","display_name":"Franziska G\u00f6ttl","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0006-869X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Franziska G\u00f6ttl","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deutsches Geod\u00e4tisches Forschungsinstitut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Arcisstra\u00dfe 21, 80333 Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deutsches Geod\u00e4tisches Forschungsinstitut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Arcisstra\u00dfe 21, 80333 Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005863761","display_name":"Denise Dettmering","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8940-4639"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Denise Dettmering","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deutsches Geod\u00e4tisches Forschungsinstitut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Arcisstra\u00dfe 21, 80333 Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deutsches Geod\u00e4tisches Forschungsinstitut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Arcisstra\u00dfe 21, 80333 Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084018967","display_name":"Felix L. M\u00fcller","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4219-0407"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Felix M\u00fcller","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deutsches Geod\u00e4tisches Forschungsinstitut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Arcisstra\u00dfe 21, 80333 Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deutsches Geod\u00e4tisches Forschungsinstitut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Arcisstra\u00dfe 21, 80333 Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065776192","display_name":"Christian Schwatke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4741-3449"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Christian Schwatke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Deutsches Geod\u00e4tisches Forschungsinstitut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Arcisstra\u00dfe 21, 80333 Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Deutsches Geod\u00e4tisches Forschungsinstitut, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen, Arcisstra\u00dfe 21, 80333 Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5081314928"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":1331,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1435},"fwci":3.5297,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":48,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92188562,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"11","first_page":"885","last_page":"885"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11061","display_name":"Ocean Waves and Remote Sensing","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/altimeter","display_name":"Altimeter","score":0.7826194763183594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/waveform","display_name":"Waveform","score":0.7146252989768982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6936243772506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6303156614303589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5133451819419861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar-altimeter","display_name":"Radar altimeter","score":0.4932798743247986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-altimetry","display_name":"Satellite altimetry","score":0.4829396605491638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.4778035283088684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.4676278233528137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/root-mean-square","display_name":"Root mean square","score":0.4328964650630951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.4285769462585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-level","display_name":"Water level","score":0.42447957396507263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mean-squared-error","display_name":"Mean squared error","score":0.4222840666770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.391865611076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3379557132720947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.32993799448013306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.12978720664978027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.11326944828033447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.11264783143997192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.0801839530467987}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17534553","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q216197","display_name":"Altimeter","level":2,"score":0.7826194763183594},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197424946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165717","display_name":"Waveform","level":3,"score":0.7146252989768982},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6936243772506714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6303156614303589},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5133451819419861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760657","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1104030","display_name":"Radar altimeter","level":3,"score":0.4932798743247986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2989451103","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1928951","display_name":"Satellite altimetry","level":3,"score":0.4829396605491638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.4778035283088684},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.4676278233528137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71907059","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q223323","display_name":"Root mean square","level":2,"score":0.4328964650630951},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.4285769462585449},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1284942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929501","display_name":"Water level","level":2,"score":0.42447957396507263},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139945424","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1940696","display_name":"Mean squared error","level":2,"score":0.4222840666770935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.391865611076355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3379557132720947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.32993799448013306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.12978720664978027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11326944828033447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.11264783143997192},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.0801839530467987},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs8110885","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8110885","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/11/885/pdf?version=1477473163","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:de0d3db45e51434990981ead430bbf8c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/de0d3db45e51434990981ead430bbf8c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 8, Iss 11, p 885 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/8/11/885/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs8110885","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 8; Issue 11; Pages: 885","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1353740","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://mediatum.ub.tum.de/node?id=1353740","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400453","display_name":"mediaTUM \u2013 the media and publications repository of the Technical University Munich (Technical University Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Munich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs8110885","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8110885","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/11/885/pdf?version=1477473163","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6499999761581421,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320879","display_name":"Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/018mejw64"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323383","display_name":"Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332183","display_name":"U.S. Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/035a68863"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2540497460.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2540497460.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1887042299","https://openalex.org/W1961461167","https://openalex.org/W1964357740","https://openalex.org/W1977436591","https://openalex.org/W1979594758","https://openalex.org/W1980356583","https://openalex.org/W1988534226","https://openalex.org/W1994740510","https://openalex.org/W2008056160","https://openalex.org/W2034262990","https://openalex.org/W2053987409","https://openalex.org/W2087572809","https://openalex.org/W2088723325","https://openalex.org/W2127218421","https://openalex.org/W2138331294","https://openalex.org/W2146661895","https://openalex.org/W2151030973","https://openalex.org/W2170661374","https://openalex.org/W2333197373","https://openalex.org/W2992681259","https://openalex.org/W6684836034"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2057250073","https://openalex.org/W2103011224","https://openalex.org/W2088291986","https://openalex.org/W1895196404","https://openalex.org/W2154228978","https://openalex.org/W3161304039","https://openalex.org/W1590893134","https://openalex.org/W2086035138","https://openalex.org/W2983603732","https://openalex.org/W2017804241"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,42,88,195],"this":[1,71],"study,":[2],"reliable":[3,46,193],"water":[4,32,76,158,171],"levels":[5],"for":[6,49,57,106,150,215,223],"four":[7],"lakes":[8,218,226],"are":[9,175],"estimated":[10],"based":[11,65,114],"on":[12,66,115],"an":[13,35,50,53],"innovative":[14,234],"processing":[15,235],"strategy":[16,236],"using":[17],"a":[18,90],"semi-automatic":[19],"CryoSat-2":[20,58,131,157],"Synthetic":[21],"Aperture":[22],"Radar":[23],"(SAR)":[24],"multi-looked":[25,60],"waveform":[26],"classification.":[27],"The":[28,110,126,232],"selection":[29],"of":[30,93,118,128,180,192],"valid":[31],"returns":[33],"is":[34,98,113],"essential":[36],"step":[37],"in":[38,74,100,166,178],"inland":[39],"altimetry":[40,244],"applications.":[41],"order":[43,101],"to":[44,102,155,162,189,241],"identify":[45],"observations":[47],"allowing":[48],"accurate":[51],"retracking,":[52],"unsupervised":[54],"classification":[55],"method":[56,112],"SAR":[59,132,245],"waveforms":[61],"has":[62],"been":[63],"developed":[64,99],"the":[67,75,94,107,116,119,129,151,163,167,190,207,216,224,250],"k-mean":[68],"algorithm.":[69],"With":[70],"approach,":[72],"changes":[73],"surface":[77],"extent":[78],"or":[79,205],"surrounding":[80],"inundation":[81],"areas":[82],"can":[83,237],"be":[84,238],"taken":[85],"into":[86],"account.":[87],"addition,":[89],"modified":[91],"version":[92],"Improved":[95],"Threshold":[96],"Retracker":[97],"obtain":[103],"optimal":[104,120],"results":[105],"lake":[108],"heights.":[109],"used":[111,165],"identification":[117],"sub-waveform":[121],"by":[122,228],"employing":[123],"height":[124],"thresholds.":[125],"validation":[127],"derived":[130,160],"time":[133,173,209],"series":[134,174,210],"with":[135,197],"in-situ":[136],"gauging":[137],"data":[138,246],"yields":[139],"root":[140],"mean":[141],"square":[142],"(RMS)":[143],"differences":[144,214,222],"between":[145],"3":[146],"and":[147],"90":[148],"cm":[149],"different":[152],"lakes.":[153],"Compared":[154],"modeled":[156],"heights":[159],"according":[161],"approach":[164],"AltWater":[168],"database":[169],"our":[170],"level":[172],"slightly":[176],"improved":[177],"terms":[179],"RMS":[181,213,221],"accuracy":[182],"but":[183,219],"they":[184],"contain":[185],"more":[186],"gaps":[187],"due":[188],"lack":[191],"observations.":[194],"comparison":[196],"classical":[198],"radar":[199],"altimeter":[200],"missions":[201],"such":[202,247],"as":[203,248],"Envisat":[204],"Jason-2,":[206],"SAR-based":[208],"show":[211],"smaller":[212],"small":[217],"larger":[220],"large":[225],"covered":[227],"multiple":[229],"repeat":[230],"missions.":[231],"presented":[233],"easily":[239],"adopted":[240],"other":[242],"satellite":[243],"from":[249],"new":[251],"Sentinel-3":[252],"mission.":[253]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-11-04T00:00:00"}