{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2465235943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8070543","title":"Subsidence Monitoring over the Southern Coalfield, Australia Using both L-Band and C-Band SAR Time Series Analysis","display_name":"Subsidence Monitoring over the Southern Coalfield, Australia Using both L-Band and C-Band SAR Time Series Analysis","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-06-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2465235943","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8070543","mag":"2465235943"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs8070543","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8070543","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/7/543/pdf?version=1466773351","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/7/543/pdf?version=1466773351","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078595616","display_name":"Zheyuan Du","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8294-9636"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331816111","display_name":"Geoscience Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/04ge02x20","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331816111","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheyuan Du","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geoscience and Earth Observing System Group (GEOS), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geoscience and Earth Observing System Group (GEOS), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331816111"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100731234","display_name":"Linlin Ge","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9275-7980"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331816111","display_name":"Geoscience Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/04ge02x20","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331816111","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Linlin Ge","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geoscience and Earth Observing System Group (GEOS), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geoscience and Earth Observing System Group (GEOS), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331816111"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100383708","display_name":"Xiaojing Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4757-5333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331816111","display_name":"Geoscience Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/04ge02x20","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331816111","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojing Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geoscience and Earth Observing System Group (GEOS), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geoscience and Earth Observing System Group (GEOS), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331816111"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061486338","display_name":"Alex Hay\u2010Man Ng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8277-5509"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1331816111","display_name":"Geoscience Australia","ror":"https://ror.org/04ge02x20","country_code":"AU","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1331816111","https://openalex.org/I2801453606","https://openalex.org/I4387156119"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Alex Ng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Geoscience and Earth Observing System Group (GEOS), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Geoscience and Earth Observing System Group (GEOS), School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, UNSW Australia, Sydney, NSW 2052, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331816111"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100731234"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1331816111"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":16.0254,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":54,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98883498,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"7","first_page":"543","last_page":"543"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9922999739646912,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9876000285148621,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/interferometric-synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","score":0.8969311118125916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subsidence","display_name":"Subsidence","score":0.7339447140693665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.6295704245567322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6127663850784302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5616994500160217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.5381165146827698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.4528138041496277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.42022639513015747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismology","display_name":"Seismology","score":0.32560330629348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.14381280541419983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.06496015191078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.05363240838050842}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22286887","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1666056","display_name":"Interferometric synthetic aperture radar","level":3,"score":0.8969311118125916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C180851071","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q849953","display_name":"Subsidence","level":3,"score":0.7339447140693665},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.6295704245567322},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6127663850784302},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5616994500160217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.5381165146827698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.4528138041496277},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.42022639513015747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.32560330629348755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.14381280541419983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.06496015191078186},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.05363240838050842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs8070543","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8070543","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/7/543/pdf?version=1466773351","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:unsworks.unsw.edu.au:1959.4/unsworks_47056","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/unsworks_47056","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196481","display_name":"UNSWorks (UNSW Sydney)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I31746571","host_organization_name":"UNSW Sydney","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I31746571"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:d66ae91e66174f9a9177f656920b7ea3","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/d66ae91e66174f9a9177f656920b7ea3","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 8, Iss 7, p 543 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/8/7/543/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs8070543","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 8; Issue 7; Pages: 543","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:unsworks.library.unsw.edu.au:1959.4/unsworks_47056","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/1959.4/unsworks_47056","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401737","display_name":"UNSWorks (University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I40053085","host_organization_name":"Australian Defence Force Academy","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I40053085"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-nc-nd","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-nc-nd","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, 8, 7, 543","raw_type":"http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs8070543","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs8070543","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/8/7/543/pdf?version=1466773351","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.800000011920929}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7705591545","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"DP130101694","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","funder_display_name":"Australian Research Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334704","display_name":"Australian Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/05mmh0f86"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2465235943.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2465235943.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1631937297","https://openalex.org/W1672745209","https://openalex.org/W1751664068","https://openalex.org/W1823191327","https://openalex.org/W1977546662","https://openalex.org/W1985546197","https://openalex.org/W1994717382","https://openalex.org/W2005420076","https://openalex.org/W2017493692","https://openalex.org/W2020325301","https://openalex.org/W2032263568","https://openalex.org/W2046033161","https://openalex.org/W2046078535","https://openalex.org/W2047029664","https://openalex.org/W2048494488","https://openalex.org/W2065742895","https://openalex.org/W2084744129","https://openalex.org/W2087208682","https://openalex.org/W2092498462","https://openalex.org/W2092788424","https://openalex.org/W2097762029","https://openalex.org/W2099008772","https://openalex.org/W2101510452","https://openalex.org/W2113545279","https://openalex.org/W2117452559","https://openalex.org/W2121773078","https://openalex.org/W2123632763","https://openalex.org/W2125740536","https://openalex.org/W2134988980","https://openalex.org/W2141414687","https://openalex.org/W2150207495","https://openalex.org/W2152012906","https://openalex.org/W2152657318","https://openalex.org/W2159592313","https://openalex.org/W2160376135","https://openalex.org/W2163622378","https://openalex.org/W2194962651","https://openalex.org/W2263922105","https://openalex.org/W4249744610","https://openalex.org/W6638314980","https://openalex.org/W6651935915","https://openalex.org/W6677187033","https://openalex.org/W6678860635","https://openalex.org/W6683759983"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3206958763","https://openalex.org/W2159160885","https://openalex.org/W2148958581","https://openalex.org/W2127359929","https://openalex.org/W3202939839","https://openalex.org/W2113346282","https://openalex.org/W2374921833","https://openalex.org/W2130313420","https://openalex.org/W2367032543","https://openalex.org/W2365547495"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Land":[0],"subsidence":[1,177,184],"is":[2,95,128,170,179,238,260],"a":[3,129,136,151],"global":[4],"issue":[5],"and":[6,21,52,67,99,144,168,182,197,219,253],"researchers":[7],"from":[8,30],"all":[9],"over":[10,36,173,194],"the":[11,17,28,37,119,146,163,176,195,207,228,234,257,278],"world":[12],"are":[13,104,122,186,215,272],"keen":[14],"to":[15,64,81,107,190,230,232,275],"know":[16],"causes":[18],"of":[19,76,165,267],"deformation":[20,258],"its":[22,268],"further":[23,276],"influences.":[24],"This":[25],"paper":[26,94],"reports":[27],"findings":[29],"time":[31],"series":[32],"InSAR":[33],"(TS-InSAR)":[34],"results":[35,160],"Southern":[38],"Coalfield,":[39],"Australia":[40],"using":[41],"both":[42,65,166],"ALOS-1":[43],"PALSAR":[44],"(Phased":[45],"Array":[46],"type":[47],"L-band":[48,169,218,242],"Synthetic":[49,56],"Aperture":[50,57],"Radar)":[51,58],"ENVISAT":[53],"ASAR":[54],"(Advanced":[55],"datasets.":[59],"TS-InSAR":[60,89,159,221,229],"has":[61,203],"been":[62,79,204],"applied":[63,80],"rural":[66],"urban":[68],"areas":[69,265],"with":[70,114],"great":[71],"success,":[72],"but":[73],"very":[74],"few":[75],"them":[77],"have":[78],"regions":[82,252,255],"affected":[83,139],"by":[84,140],"underground":[85,141,148,155,250],"mining":[86,142,149,156,251],"activities.":[87,157],"The":[88,158],"analysis":[90],"exploited":[91],"in":[92,201,249],"this":[93],"based":[96],"on":[97],"GEOS-ATSA,":[98],"Measurement":[100],"Point":[101],"(MP)":[102],"pixels":[103],"selected":[105],"according":[106],"different":[108,115,216],"geophysical":[109],"features.":[110],"Three":[111],"experiment":[112],"sites":[113],"geological":[116],"settings":[117],"within":[118],"study":[120],"zone":[121],"analysed:":[123],"(1)":[124],"Wollongong":[125],"city,":[126],"which":[127],"relatively":[130],"stable":[131],"area;":[132],"(2)":[133],"Tahmoor":[134,196],"town,":[135],"small":[137],"town":[138],"activities;":[143],"(3)":[145],"Appin":[147,198],"site,":[150],"region":[152],"containing":[153],"multiple":[154],"show":[161],"that":[162,211,241],"performance":[164],"C-band":[167],"equally":[171],"good":[172],"Wollongong,":[174],"where":[175,256],"gradient":[178],"not":[180],"significant":[181],"most":[183],"rates":[185],"between":[187],"\u221210":[188],"mm\u2219yr\u22121":[189],"10":[191],"mm\u2219yr\u22121.":[192],"However,":[193],"sites,":[199],"difference":[200],"performances":[202],"observed.":[205],"Since":[206],"maximum":[208],"displacement":[209],"gradients":[210],"can":[212,243],"be":[213],"detected":[214],"for":[217],"C-band-based":[220],"methods,":[222],"some":[223],"rapid":[224],"changes":[225],"could":[226],"cause":[227],"fail":[231],"estimate":[233],"correct":[235],"displacements.":[236],"It":[237],"well":[239],"known":[240],"perform":[244],"better":[245],"than":[246,263],"C-band,":[247],"especially":[248],"mining-affected":[254],"rate":[259],"much":[261],"higher":[262],"city":[264],"because":[266],"wavelength.":[269],"Statistical":[270],"analyses":[271],"also":[273],"conducted":[274],"prove":[277],"above":[279],"statement.":[280]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-08T23:21:52.890332","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}