{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2176635760","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71215804","title":"Spatial Accuracy Assessment and Integration of Global Land Cover Datasets","display_name":"Spatial Accuracy Assessment and Integration of Global Land Cover Datasets","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2176635760","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71215804","mag":"2176635760"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs71215804","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71215804","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/7/12/15804/pdf?version=1448544433","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/7/12/15804/pdf?version=1448544433","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5039575222","display_name":"Nandin\u2010Erdene Tsendbazar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4825-1971"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I913481162","display_name":"Wageningen University & Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04qw24q55","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913481162"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Nandin-Erdene Tsendbazar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I913481162"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5010984691","display_name":"Sytze de Bruin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6884-2832"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I913481162","display_name":"Wageningen University & Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04qw24q55","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913481162"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sytze De Bruin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I913481162"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5040252235","display_name":"Steffen Fritz","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0420-8549"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1317774081","display_name":"International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis","ror":"https://ror.org/02wfhk785","country_code":"AT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1317774081"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Steffen Fritz","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ecosystems Services and Management, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Schlossplatz 1-A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ecosystems Services and Management, International Institute for Applied Systems Analysis, Schlossplatz 1-A-2361 Laxenburg, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1317774081"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051124265","display_name":"Martin Herold","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0246-6886"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I913481162","display_name":"Wageningen University & Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04qw24q55","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I913481162"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Martin Herold","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Geo-Information Science and Remote Sensing, Wageningen University, Droevendaalsesteeg 3, Wageningen 6708 PB, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I913481162"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5039575222"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I913481162"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":5.9336,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":90,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95934858,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":97,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"12","first_page":"15804","last_page":"15821"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10770","display_name":"Soil Geostatistics and Mapping","score":0.9919999837875366,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.713634729385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geostatistics","display_name":"Geostatistics","score":0.603290855884552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5491337180137634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kriging","display_name":"Kriging","score":0.5304531455039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/reference-data","display_name":"Reference data","score":0.5132381916046143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.43778079748153687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cover","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","score":0.43393319845199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-analysis","display_name":"Spatial analysis","score":0.42688101530075073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.3631207346916199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3049260675907135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.2878209948539734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.27058354020118713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.21192097663879395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-variability","display_name":"Spatial variability","score":0.15145578980445862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.14094668626785278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.09650325775146484}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.713634729385376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125572338","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1440020","display_name":"Geostatistics","level":3,"score":0.603290855884552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5491337180137634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81692654","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q225926","display_name":"Kriging","level":2,"score":0.5304531455039978},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60478076","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3036835","display_name":"Reference data","level":2,"score":0.5132381916046143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.43778079748153687},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780428219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16952335","display_name":"Cover (algebra)","level":2,"score":0.43393319845199585},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159620131","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1938983","display_name":"Spatial analysis","level":2,"score":0.42688101530075073},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.3631207346916199},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3049260675907135},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2878209948539734},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.27058354020118713},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.21192097663879395},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94747663","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574086","display_name":"Spatial variability","level":2,"score":0.15145578980445862},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.14094668626785278},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.09650325775146484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":6,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs71215804","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71215804","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/7/12/15804/pdf?version=1448544433","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6a97d3c76e064edd8d8eb4b2bc431b58","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6a97d3c76e064edd8d8eb4b2bc431b58","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 7, Iss 12, Pp 15804-15821 (2015)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de:item_5009468","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://gfzpublic.gfz-potsdam.de/pubman/item/item_5009468","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401313","display_name":"Publication Database GFZ (GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","host_organization_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:gfzpublic.gfz.de:item_5009468","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://gfzpublic.gfz.de/pubman/item/item_5009468","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401313","display_name":"Publication Database GFZ (GFZ German Research Centre for Geosciences)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210152878","host_organization_name":"GFZ Helmholtz Centre for Geosciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152878"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/7/12/15804/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs71215804","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:wur:oai:library.wur.nl:wurpubs/496496","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.wur.nl/en/publications/spatial-accuracy-assessment-and-integration-of-global-land-cover-","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401843","display_name":"Data Archiving and Networked Services (DANS)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1322597698","host_organization_name":"Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1322597698"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, 7(12), 15804 - 15821","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs71215804","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71215804","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/7/12/15804/pdf?version=1448544433","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/15","display_name":"Life in Land","score":0.550000011920929}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2176635760.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2176635760.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W61533110","https://openalex.org/W182516034","https://openalex.org/W213085948","https://openalex.org/W1254560965","https://openalex.org/W1421751110","https://openalex.org/W1513618424","https://openalex.org/W1907531180","https://openalex.org/W1971109292","https://openalex.org/W1988470157","https://openalex.org/W1993087627","https://openalex.org/W1993918804","https://openalex.org/W1996037626","https://openalex.org/W2000318706","https://openalex.org/W2006929658","https://openalex.org/W2007873570","https://openalex.org/W2012950829","https://openalex.org/W2014116727","https://openalex.org/W2014321896","https://openalex.org/W2032788463","https://openalex.org/W2042692910","https://openalex.org/W2043259636","https://openalex.org/W2056425951","https://openalex.org/W2060151232","https://openalex.org/W2060335617","https://openalex.org/W2068167377","https://openalex.org/W2072465375","https://openalex.org/W2074894322","https://openalex.org/W2091259694","https://openalex.org/W2107474547","https://openalex.org/W2118096631","https://openalex.org/W2119119065","https://openalex.org/W2123723449","https://openalex.org/W2124099423","https://openalex.org/W2126822288","https://openalex.org/W2137133843","https://openalex.org/W2146930334","https://openalex.org/W2147462896","https://openalex.org/W2152482456","https://openalex.org/W2159773298","https://openalex.org/W2161409430","https://openalex.org/W6628065871","https://openalex.org/W6647340271","https://openalex.org/W6648496217","https://openalex.org/W6648536758","https://openalex.org/W6677494780"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2052710480","https://openalex.org/W1527505175","https://openalex.org/W2391160339","https://openalex.org/W1998708953","https://openalex.org/W3016725241","https://openalex.org/W3133739838","https://openalex.org/W2907170560","https://openalex.org/W3145804525","https://openalex.org/W2009500046","https://openalex.org/W2037793448"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Along":[0],"with":[1,72,139],"the":[2,39,91,109,114,125,140,146,166,173],"creation":[3],"of":[4,41,55,108,145,176],"new":[5],"maps,":[6],"current":[7],"efforts":[8,35],"for":[9,22,62,77,85,98,116,182],"improving":[10,183],"global":[11],"land":[12,66],"cover":[13,67],"(GLC)":[14],"maps":[15,19,29,58,84,118,127,158],"focus":[16],"on":[17],"integrating":[18],"by":[20],"accounting":[21],"their":[23,132,200],"relative":[24],"merits,":[25],"e.g.,":[26],"agreement":[27],"amongst":[28],"or":[30],"map":[31,102,153],"accuracy.":[32],"Such":[33],"integration":[34,96],"may":[36],"benefit":[37],"from":[38],"use":[40],"multiple":[42],"GLC":[43,57,117,126,148,184,192],"reference":[44,48,73,129,141,178,193],"datasets.":[45],"Using":[46,87],"available":[47,198],"datasets,":[49],"this":[50],"study":[51],"assesses":[52],"spatial":[53,110],"accuracy":[54],"recent":[56],"and":[59,82,105,128,154,180,199],"compares":[60],"methods":[61,97,122],"creating":[63],"an":[64,99],"improved":[65,100],"(LC)":[68],"map.":[69],"Spatial":[70],"correspondence":[71,138,168],"dataset":[74],"was":[75],"modeled":[76],"Globcover-2009,":[78],"Land":[79],"Cover-CCI-2010,":[80],"MODIS-2010":[81],"Globeland30":[83],"Africa.":[86],"different":[88],"scenarios":[89],"concerning":[90],"used":[92],"input":[93,147],"data,":[94],"five":[95],"LC":[101,142,152,155],"were":[103,159],"tested":[104],"cross-validated.":[106],"Comparison":[107],"correspondences":[111],"showed":[112],"that":[113],"preferences":[115],"varied":[119],"spatially.":[120],"Integration":[121],"using":[123,161,177],"both":[124],"data":[130],"at":[131],"locations":[133],"resulted":[134],"in":[135],"4.5%\u201313%":[136],"higher":[137],"than":[143],"any":[144],"maps.":[149,185],"An":[150],"integrated":[151],"class":[156],"probability":[157],"computed":[160],"regression":[162],"kriging,":[163],"which":[164],"produced":[165],"highest":[167],"(76%).":[169],"Our":[170],"results":[171],"demonstrate":[172],"added":[174],"value":[175],"datasets":[179,194],"geostatistics":[181],"This":[186],"approach":[187],"is":[188,202],"useful":[189],"as":[190],"more":[191],"are":[195],"becoming":[196],"publicly":[197],"reuse":[201],"being":[203],"encouraged.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":6}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}