{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2101659804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71115318","title":"Continuous Change Detection and Classification Using Hidden Markov Model: A Case Study for Monitoring Urban Encroachment onto Farmland in Beijing","display_name":"Continuous Change Detection and Classification Using Hidden Markov Model: A Case Study for Monitoring Urban Encroachment onto Farmland in Beijing","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-11-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2101659804","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71115318","mag":"2101659804"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs71115318","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71115318","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/7/11/15318/pdf?version=1447684550","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/7/11/15318/pdf?version=1447684550","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100334803","display_name":"Yuan Yuan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3688-6213"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuan Yuan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110901552","display_name":"Yu Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0595-3439"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yu Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5015848328","display_name":"Lei Lin","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7012-4901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Lin","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073820422","display_name":"Hichem Sahli","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1774-2970"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","display_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","ror":"https://ror.org/006e5kg04","country_code":"BE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114974","display_name":"IMEC","ror":"https://ror.org/02kcbn207","country_code":"BE","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}],"countries":["BE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hichem Sahli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Electronics and Informatics Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, BE-1050 Brussels, Belgium","Interuniveristy Microelectronics Center, Kapeldreef 75, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Electronics and Informatics Department, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, BE-1050 Brussels, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Interuniveristy Microelectronics Center, Kapeldreef 75, BE-3001 Leuven, Belgium","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114974"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020073960","display_name":"Anzhi Yue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7765-5983"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Anzhi Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100649320","display_name":"Jing\u2010Bo Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-5567-0653"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jingbo Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5006688612","display_name":"Zhongming Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3477-0914"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhongming Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5000415996","display_name":"Yunlong Kong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0644-3166"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yunlong Kong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101984464","display_name":"Dongxu He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3950-8584"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210128053","display_name":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth","ror":"https://ror.org/02cjszf03","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongxu He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Remote Sensing and Digital Earth, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210128053","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":9,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5110901552"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210128053"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.936,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":29,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90053527,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"11","first_page":"15318","last_page":"15339"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9940999746322632,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9789999723434448,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9430000185966492,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beijing","display_name":"Beijing","score":0.8712944984436035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.49970507621765137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/change-detection","display_name":"Change detection","score":0.42804449796676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.41628697514533997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hidden-markov-model","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","score":0.41218075156211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2943847179412842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.2635757327079773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.1858532428741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.11601799726486206}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778304055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657474","display_name":"Beijing","level":3,"score":0.8712944984436035},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.49970507621765137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203595873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25389927","display_name":"Change detection","level":2,"score":0.42804449796676636},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.41628697514533997},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23224414","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q176769","display_name":"Hidden Markov model","level":2,"score":0.41218075156211853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2943847179412842},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.2635757327079773},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.1858532428741455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.11601799726486206},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs71115318","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71115318","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/7/11/15318/pdf?version=1447684550","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:06637a9d415e4b33975956381fbb8504","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/06637a9d415e4b33975956381fbb8504","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 7, Iss 11, Pp 15318-15339 (2015)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:vubissmart:VUBISSMART:2000:97733","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://biblio.vub.ac.be/vubir/continuous-change-detection-and-classification-using-hidden-markov-model-a-case-study-for-monitoring-urban-encroachment-onto-farmland-in-beijing(96a30fc3-c2d2-4bb4-b0fd-68d8451cdf9b).html","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402573","display_name":"VUBIR (Vrije Universiteit Brussel)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I13469542","host_organization_name":"Vrije Universiteit Brussel","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I13469542"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs71115318","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs71115318","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/7/11/15318/pdf?version=1447684550","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.7799999713897705,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5586071622","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41301393","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7997255169","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41401474","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8863666567","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"and No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326981","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Remote Sensing Science","ror":"https://ror.org/05wzjqa24"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320329860","display_name":"National Science and Technology Major Project","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2101659804.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2101659804.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W46678752","https://openalex.org/W626418592","https://openalex.org/W1421751110","https://openalex.org/W1521843029","https://openalex.org/W1672104910","https://openalex.org/W1821388881","https://openalex.org/W1965785976","https://openalex.org/W1980553282","https://openalex.org/W1988735619","https://openalex.org/W1990661746","https://openalex.org/W1991129673","https://openalex.org/W1993943803","https://openalex.org/W2017657457","https://openalex.org/W2024123627","https://openalex.org/W2028743367","https://openalex.org/W2030851497","https://openalex.org/W2032488278","https://openalex.org/W2032866753","https://openalex.org/W2055718260","https://openalex.org/W2057964176","https://openalex.org/W2058723831","https://openalex.org/W2060238576","https://openalex.org/W2067985435","https://openalex.org/W2081681474","https://openalex.org/W2088371259","https://openalex.org/W2090151803","https://openalex.org/W2094558404","https://openalex.org/W2098994297","https://openalex.org/W2099887007","https://openalex.org/W2104793210","https://openalex.org/W2115717051","https://openalex.org/W2116440457","https://openalex.org/W2120512673","https://openalex.org/W2125838338","https://openalex.org/W2132517093","https://openalex.org/W2140023211","https://openalex.org/W2161029186","https://openalex.org/W2324183516","https://openalex.org/W2395060098","https://openalex.org/W6658994295","https://openalex.org/W6674121471","https://openalex.org/W7034331751"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2015747722","https://openalex.org/W2362050182","https://openalex.org/W2382418233","https://openalex.org/W2369897927","https://openalex.org/W3031731056","https://openalex.org/W4293167957","https://openalex.org/W2361035307","https://openalex.org/W2380455807","https://openalex.org/W2993975634","https://openalex.org/W2367835030"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,163],"this":[1],"paper,":[2],"we":[3],"propose":[4],"a":[5,37,49,69,110,140],"novel":[6],"method":[7,33,115,157],"to":[8,118,133],"continuously":[9],"monitor":[10],"land":[11,45,81,103],"cover":[12,46,82,104],"change":[13,23,26,77,83,152,160],"using":[14,126],"satellite":[15],"image":[16],"time":[17,65,129],"series,":[18],"which":[19],"can":[20,84],"extract":[21],"comprehensive":[22],"information":[24],"including":[25],"time,":[27],"location,":[28],"and":[29,147],"\u201cfrom-to\u201d":[30],"information.":[31],"This":[32],"is":[34,116,137,166],"based":[35],"on":[36,63,139],"hidden":[38],"Markov":[39],"model":[40,60,145],"(HMM)":[41],"trained":[42],"for":[43,100,143],"each":[44],"class.":[47],"Assuming":[48],"pixel\u2019s":[50],"initial":[51],"class":[52,105],"has":[53],"been":[54],"obtained,":[55],"likelihoods":[56],"of":[57,92],"the":[58,75,79,89,102,107,113,155],"corresponding":[59],"are":[61,97],"calculated":[62],"incoming":[64],"series":[66,130],"extracted":[67],"with":[68,150],"temporal":[70],"sliding":[71],"window.":[72],"By":[73],"observing":[74],"likelihood":[76],"over":[78],"windows,":[80],"be":[85],"precisely":[86],"detected":[87],"from":[88,131],"dramatic":[90],"drop":[91],"likelihood.":[93],"The":[94,135],"established":[95],"HMMs":[96],"then":[98],"used":[99],"identifying":[101],"after":[106],"change.":[108],"As":[109],"case":[111],"study,":[112],"proposed":[114,156],"applied":[117],"monitoring":[119],"urban":[120],"encroachment":[121],"onto":[122],"farmland":[123],"in":[124],"Beijing":[125],"10-year":[127],"MODIS":[128],"2001":[132],"2010.":[134],"performance":[136],"evaluated":[138],"validation":[141],"set":[142],"different":[144],"structures":[146],"thresholds.":[148],"Compared":[149],"other":[151],"detection":[153,161],"methods,":[154],"shows":[158],"superior":[159],"accuracy.":[162],"addition,":[164],"it":[165],"also":[167],"more":[168],"computationally":[169],"efficient.":[170]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2016,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
