{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4405185845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16234609","title":"Recognition of Ground Clutter in Single-Polarization Radar Based on Gated Recurrent Unit","display_name":"Recognition of Ground Clutter in Single-Polarization Radar Based on Gated Recurrent Unit","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-12-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4405185845","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16234609"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16234609","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16234609","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/23/4609/pdf?version=1733743906","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/23/4609/pdf?version=1733743906","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5115595492","display_name":"Jiaxin Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1445-2358"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53592917","display_name":"Jiangxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/05nkgk822","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53592917"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jiaxin Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Meteorological Administration Radar Meteorology Key Laboratory, Beijing 100081, China","Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Natural Disaster Monitoring, Early Warning and Assessment of Jiangxi Province, School of Geography and Environmental Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Meteorological Administration Radar Meteorology Key Laboratory, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Natural Disaster Monitoring, Early Warning and Assessment of Jiangxi Province, School of Geography and Environmental Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53592917"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066125554","display_name":"Haibo Zou","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5760-0419"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I53592917","display_name":"Jiangxi Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/05nkgk822","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I53592917"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Haibo Zou","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Meteorological Administration Radar Meteorology Key Laboratory, Beijing 100081, China","Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Natural Disaster Monitoring, Early Warning and Assessment of Jiangxi Province, School of Geography and Environmental Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Meteorological Administration Radar Meteorology Key Laboratory, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Poyang Lake Wetland and Watershed Research of Ministry of Education, Key Laboratory of Natural Disaster Monitoring, Early Warning and Assessment of Jiangxi Province, School of Geography and Environmental Science, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang 330022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I53592917"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002945341","display_name":"Landi Zhong","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Landi Zhong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nanchang Meteorological Bureau, Nanchang 330104, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nanchang Meteorological Bureau, Nanchang 330104, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061658711","display_name":"Zhiqun Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4991-3647"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I141301092","display_name":"China Meteorological Administration","ror":"https://ror.org/00bx3rb98","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiqun Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["China Meteorological Administration Radar Meteorology Key Laboratory, Beijing 100081, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"China Meteorological Administration Radar Meteorology Key Laboratory, Beijing 100081, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5066125554"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I141301092","https://openalex.org/I53592917"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.6444,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92417502,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"23","first_page":"4609","last_page":"4609"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10891","display_name":"Radar Systems and Signal Processing","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11609","display_name":"Geophysical Methods and Applications","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clutter","display_name":"Clutter","score":0.6959183216094971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6757052540779114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radar","display_name":"Radar","score":0.48338666558265686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unit","display_name":"Unit (ring theory)","score":0.4106540381908417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.353322297334671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3199160099029541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.25604480504989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.1653364598751068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.04974439740180969}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132094186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641585","display_name":"Clutter","level":3,"score":0.6959183216094971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6757052540779114},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554190296","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q47528","display_name":"Radar","level":2,"score":0.48338666558265686},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122637931","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118084","display_name":"Unit (ring theory)","level":2,"score":0.4106540381908417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.353322297334671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3199160099029541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.25604480504989624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.1653364598751068},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.04974439740180969},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C145420912","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q853077","display_name":"Mathematics education","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16234609","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16234609","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/23/4609/pdf?version=1733743906","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1bc869bde9f44138afe699edcca9e0c9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1bc869bde9f44138afe699edcca9e0c9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 23, p 4609 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16234609","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16234609","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/23/4609/pdf?version=1733743906","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4405185845.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1999834519","https://openalex.org/W2015833712","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2095705004","https://openalex.org/W2101145689","https://openalex.org/W2120102406","https://openalex.org/W2133656308","https://openalex.org/W2144499799","https://openalex.org/W2144600336","https://openalex.org/W2179220645","https://openalex.org/W2390263914","https://openalex.org/W2472954632","https://openalex.org/W2599211034","https://openalex.org/W2804788474","https://openalex.org/W2885327214","https://openalex.org/W2948490758","https://openalex.org/W2954058968","https://openalex.org/W3019448917","https://openalex.org/W3020057318","https://openalex.org/W3040078245","https://openalex.org/W3081331538","https://openalex.org/W3180190113","https://openalex.org/W3181752113","https://openalex.org/W4229067014","https://openalex.org/W4309012710","https://openalex.org/W4321088148","https://openalex.org/W4402169859","https://openalex.org/W4402605196","https://openalex.org/W4402787665","https://openalex.org/W6601194720","https://openalex.org/W6674330103","https://openalex.org/W6798417551","https://openalex.org/W7034197056"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2130674020","https://openalex.org/W2093748878","https://openalex.org/W2333771223","https://openalex.org/W2120056845","https://openalex.org/W1981531423","https://openalex.org/W4394861761","https://openalex.org/W1977371217","https://openalex.org/W2035264131","https://openalex.org/W1679012645","https://openalex.org/W1925461966"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"new":[1,69,129],"method":[2,23,70,78,99,106,130,177,185,195],"is":[3,71,100],"proposed":[4],"for":[5],"identifying":[6],"ground":[7,109,115,190],"clutter":[8,116],"in":[9,80,87,107,112,124,139,148],"single-polarization":[10],"radar":[11,31,134,138,147,164],"data":[12],"based":[13],"on":[14],"the":[15,36,41,44,47,52,57,68,76,81,97,104,128,156,160,175,183,193],"gated":[16],"recurrent":[17],"unit":[18],"(GRU)":[19],"neural":[20],"network.":[21],"This":[22],"needs":[24],"five":[25],"independent":[26],"input":[27],"variables":[28],"related":[29],"to":[30,126,186],"reflectivity":[32,37,42,48,60,165],"structure,":[33],"which":[34],"are":[35],"at":[38,43,49,61,118],"current":[39,62],"tilt,":[40,46,63],"upper":[45],"3.5":[50],"km,":[51],"echo":[53],"top":[54],"height,":[55],"and":[56,142,153,159,188],"texture":[58],"of":[59,67,75,163],"respectively.":[64],"The":[65,93,171],"performance":[66],"compared":[72],"with":[73,90],"that":[74,96,174],"traditional":[77,105,184],"used":[79],"Weather":[82],"Surveillance":[83],"Radar":[84],"1988-Doppler":[85],"system":[86],"four":[88],"cases":[89],"different":[91],"scenarios.":[92],"results":[94,172],"show":[95],"GRU":[98,176,194],"more":[101,131],"effective":[102],"than":[103,182],"capturing":[108],"clutter,":[110],"particularly":[111],"situations":[113],"where":[114],"exists":[117],"two":[119,157],"adjacent":[120],"elevation":[121],"angles.":[122],"Furthermore,":[123],"order":[125],"assess":[127],"comprehensively,":[132],"709":[133],"scans":[135,144],"from":[136,145],"Nanchang":[137],"July":[140],"2019":[141,150],"708":[143],"Jingdezhen":[146],"June":[149],"were":[151],"collected":[152],"processed":[154],"by":[155],"methods,":[158],"frequency":[161],"map":[162],"exceeding":[166],"20":[167],"dBZ":[168],"was":[169],"analyzed.":[170],"indicate":[173],"has":[178],"a":[179],"stronger":[180],"ability":[181],"identify":[187],"remove":[189],"clutter.":[191],"Meanwhile,":[192],"can":[196],"also":[197],"preserve":[198],"meteorological":[199],"echoes":[200],"well.":[201]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-22T08:09:32.410652","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}