{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4400531092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16142550","title":"Study on the Momentum Flux Spectrum of Gravity Waves in the Tropical Western Pacific Based on Integrated Satellite Remote Sensing and In Situ Observations","display_name":"Study on the Momentum Flux Spectrum of Gravity Waves in the Tropical Western Pacific Based on Integrated Satellite Remote Sensing and In Situ Observations","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4400531092","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16142550"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16142550","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16142550","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/14/2550/pdf?version=1721719312","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/14/2550/pdf?version=1721719312","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101409716","display_name":"Zhimeng Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6453-4269"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhimeng Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["The College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410005, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5056552708","display_name":"Yang He","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0025-3193"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210137516","display_name":"Beijing Meteorological Bureau","ror":"https://ror.org/03wd9vk87","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210137516"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yang He","raw_affiliation_strings":["Beijing Aviation Meteorological Institute, Beijing 100085, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Beijing Aviation Meteorological Institute, Beijing 100085, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137516"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100787245","display_name":"Yuyang Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuyang Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["The College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410005, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101860735","display_name":"Zheng Sheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0378-2717"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Sheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["The College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410005, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"The College of Meteorology and Oceanography, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410005, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5056552708"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210137516"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.090252,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"14","first_page":"2550","last_page":"2550"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11320","display_name":"Atmospheric Ozone and Climate","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9961000084877014,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/stratosphere","display_name":"Stratosphere","score":0.8627266883850098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/troposphere","display_name":"Troposphere","score":0.7550808191299438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiosonde","display_name":"Radiosonde","score":0.6999467015266418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gravity-wave","display_name":"Gravity wave","score":0.582024097442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.5192654132843018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/flux","display_name":"Flux (metallurgy)","score":0.4999361038208008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmosphere","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","score":0.4841645359992981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spectral-line","display_name":"Spectral line","score":0.4732397496700287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.45987528562545776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/momentum","display_name":"Momentum (technical analysis)","score":0.45629265904426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/momentum-transfer","display_name":"Momentum transfer","score":0.42900508642196655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geophysics","display_name":"Geophysics","score":0.35219764709472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.3415582776069641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gravitational-wave","display_name":"Gravitational wave","score":0.3285384774208069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.21075457334518433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astrophysics","display_name":"Astrophysics","score":0.1454223096370697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/astronomy","display_name":"Astronomy","score":0.08942028880119324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optics","display_name":"Optics","score":0.06866183876991272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/scattering","display_name":"Scattering","score":0.06863757967948914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/materials-science","display_name":"Materials science","score":0.06663504242897034}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163861444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q108376","display_name":"Stratosphere","level":2,"score":0.8627266883850098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9075549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q40631","display_name":"Troposphere","level":2,"score":0.7550808191299438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11999413","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q852817","display_name":"Radiosonde","level":2,"score":0.6999467015266418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185975314","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599451","display_name":"Gravity wave","level":3,"score":0.582024097442627},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.5192654132843018},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C68709404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1134475","display_name":"Flux (metallurgy)","level":2,"score":0.4999361038208008},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C65440619","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177974","display_name":"Atmosphere (unit)","level":2,"score":0.4841645359992981},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4839761","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q212111","display_name":"Spectral line","level":2,"score":0.4732397496700287},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.45987528562545776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60718061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414747","display_name":"Momentum (technical analysis)","level":2,"score":0.45629265904426575},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76494280","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6897281","display_name":"Momentum transfer","level":3,"score":0.42900508642196655},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8058405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q46255","display_name":"Geophysics","level":1,"score":0.35219764709472656},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.3415582776069641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C190330329","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190035","display_name":"Gravitational wave","level":2,"score":0.3285384774208069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.21075457334518433},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44870925","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37547","display_name":"Astrophysics","level":1,"score":0.1454223096370697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.08942028880119324},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120665830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14620","display_name":"Optics","level":1,"score":0.06866183876991272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191486275","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q210028","display_name":"Scattering","level":2,"score":0.06863757967948914},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C192562407","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228736","display_name":"Materials science","level":0,"score":0.06663504242897034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191897082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11467","display_name":"Metallurgy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16142550","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16142550","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/14/2550/pdf?version=1721719312","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:0faab896420c4d808675b1440c7d9a84","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/0faab896420c4d808675b1440c7d9a84","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 14, p 2550 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16142550","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16142550","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/14/2550/pdf?version=1721719312","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.5899999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2150863809","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42275060","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4400531092.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":21,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1993424392","https://openalex.org/W2017906748","https://openalex.org/W2023738454","https://openalex.org/W2036824132","https://openalex.org/W2044968297","https://openalex.org/W2061877440","https://openalex.org/W2069434316","https://openalex.org/W2080945688","https://openalex.org/W2090901261","https://openalex.org/W2090906432","https://openalex.org/W2100113335","https://openalex.org/W2157691296","https://openalex.org/W2158993832","https://openalex.org/W2160054238","https://openalex.org/W2515794081","https://openalex.org/W2621828111","https://openalex.org/W2991768750","https://openalex.org/W3207245161","https://openalex.org/W4308025863","https://openalex.org/W4391103498","https://openalex.org/W4393233998"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1504859751","https://openalex.org/W1973813834","https://openalex.org/W2004301078","https://openalex.org/W2122579231","https://openalex.org/W1595586281","https://openalex.org/W2762678813","https://openalex.org/W2175832039","https://openalex.org/W2120786900","https://openalex.org/W2791665962","https://openalex.org/W4241657105"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Gravity":[0],"wave":[1,28,154,157],"(GW)":[2],"momentum":[3,15,34,67,76,106,142,158,256],"flux":[4,35,68,77,107,143,257],"spectra":[5,36,69,78,108,144],"help":[6],"to":[7,92,183,225,270],"uncover":[8],"the":[9,18,33,40,64,74,93,100,104,110,118,127,138,141,149,169,177,184,190,207,213,221,238,243,246,259,265,276],"mechanisms":[10],"through":[11],"which":[12,267],"GWs":[13,38,82,188],"influence":[14],"transfer":[16],"in":[17,39,175,206,212,216,237,242,258,264],"atmosphere":[19],"and":[20,44,61,109,135,156,179,195,218,229,251],"provide":[21],"crucial":[22],"insights":[23],"into":[24],"accurately":[25],"characterizing":[26],"atmospheric":[27,81],"processes.":[29],"This":[30,96],"study":[31],"examines":[32],"of":[37,66,79,103,126,140,186,248,278],"troposphere":[41,178],"(2\u201314":[42],"km)":[43,47],"stratosphere":[45,208,239,260],"(18\u201328":[46],"over":[48],"Koror":[49],"Island":[50],"(7.2\u00b0N,":[51],"134.3\u00b0W)":[52],"using":[53,123,129],"radiosonde":[54,146],"data":[55,134],"from":[56,145],"2013\u20132018.":[57],"Utilizing":[58],"hodograph":[59],"analysis":[60],"spectral":[62,94,112],"methods,":[63],"characteristics":[65],"are":[70],"discussed.":[71],"Given":[72],"that":[73,168,241],"zonal":[75,105],"low-level":[80],"generally":[83],"follow":[84],"a":[85],"Gaussian":[86,88,170],"distribution,":[87],"fitting":[89,97],"was":[90],"applied":[91],"structures.":[95],"further":[98],"explores":[99],"seasonal":[101],"variations":[102],"average":[111],"parameters":[113],"for":[114,159],"each":[115],"month.":[116],"Additionally,":[117],"GW":[119,161],"energy":[120,155],"is":[121,209,261,268],"analyzed":[122],"SABER":[124],"(Sounding":[125],"Atmosphere":[128],"Broadband":[130],"Emission":[131],"Radiometry)":[132],"satellite":[133],"compared":[136],"with":[137,163],"results":[139],"data,":[147],"revealing":[148],"close":[150],"negative":[151],"correlation":[152],"between":[153],"stratospheric":[160],"changing":[162],"time.":[164],"The":[165,199,233,255],"findings":[166],"indicate":[167],"peak":[171],"shifts":[172],"more":[173],"eastward":[174],"both":[176],"stratosphere,":[180],"primarily":[181],"due":[182,224],"absorption":[185],"eastward-propagating":[187],"by":[189],"winter":[191],"tropospheric":[192],"westerly":[193],"jet":[194,271],"critical":[196],"layer":[197],"filtering.":[198],"full":[200],"width":[201],"at":[202],"half":[203],"maximum":[204],"(FWHM)":[205],"larger":[210],"than":[211,263],"troposphere,":[214,244,266],"especially":[215],"June":[217],"July,":[219],"as":[220],"spectrum":[222],"broadens":[223],"propagation":[226],"effects,":[227],"filtering,":[228],"interactions":[230],"among":[231],"waves.":[232],"central":[234],"phase":[235],"speed":[236],"exceeds":[240],"reflecting":[245],"influences":[247],"Doppler":[249],"effects":[250],"background":[252],"wind":[253],"absorption.":[254],"lower":[262],"attributed":[269],"absorption,":[272],"partial":[273],"reflection,":[274],"or":[275],"dissipation":[277],"GWs.":[279]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}