{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4399433054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122055","title":"Augmentation Method for Weighted Mean Temperature and Precipitable Water Vapor Based on the Refined Air Temperature at 2 m above the Surface of Land from ERA5","display_name":"Augmentation Method for Weighted Mean Temperature and Precipitable Water Vapor Based on the Refined Air Temperature at 2 m above the Surface of Land from ERA5","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-06-07","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4399433054","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122055"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16122055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122055","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/12/2055/pdf?version=1717752623","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/12/2055/pdf?version=1717752623","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029383928","display_name":"Caiya Yue","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5017-4901"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I196934937","display_name":"Liaocheng University","ror":"https://ror.org/03yh0n709","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I196934937"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Caiya Yue","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Surveying and Mapping Science and Geospatial Information Technology of MNR, Beijing 100830, China","School of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Surveying and Mapping Science and Geospatial Information Technology of MNR, Beijing 100830, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geography and Environment, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252059, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196934937"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5014932458","display_name":"Hu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5663-7981"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114963","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping","ror":"https://ror.org/02j693n47","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114963"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing 100830, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing 100830, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114963"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100949409","display_name":"Changhui Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114963","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping","ror":"https://ror.org/02j693n47","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114963"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changhui Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing 100830, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping, Beijing 100830, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114963"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029383928"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I196934937"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.9427,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.72724692,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"12","first_page":"2055","last_page":"2055"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11405","display_name":"Geophysics and Gravity Measurements","score":0.9994000196456909,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1910","display_name":"Oceanography"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10466","display_name":"Meteorological Phenomena and Simulations","score":0.9988999962806702,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":0.9984999895095825,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6907333135604858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lapse-rate","display_name":"Lapse rate","score":0.6154029965400696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precipitable-water","display_name":"Precipitable water","score":0.6116467714309692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.5832225680351257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-temperature","display_name":"Atmospheric temperature","score":0.48035940527915955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-vapor","display_name":"Water vapor","score":0.45415228605270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/modtran","display_name":"MODTRAN","score":0.4425492286682129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/elevation","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","score":0.4266005754470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.4169556796550751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.4082491397857666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.40146663784980774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3775081932544708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.14870408177375793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13859054446220398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.0878189206123352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/radiance","display_name":"Radiance","score":0.07322552800178528}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6907333135604858},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186816422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q66900467","display_name":"Lapse rate","level":2,"score":0.6154029965400696},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156008332","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q778526","display_name":"Precipitable water","level":3,"score":0.6116467714309692},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.5832225680351257},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C607359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q845339","display_name":"Atmospheric temperature","level":2,"score":0.48035940527915955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147534773","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190120","display_name":"Water vapor","level":2,"score":0.45415228605270386},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776445388","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6716998","display_name":"MODTRAN","level":3,"score":0.4425492286682129},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37054046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q641888","display_name":"Elevation (ballistics)","level":2,"score":0.4266005754470825},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.4169556796550751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.4082491397857666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.40146663784980774},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3775081932544708},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.14870408177375793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13859054446220398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0878189206123352},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C23690007","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411145","display_name":"Radiance","level":2,"score":0.07322552800178528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16122055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122055","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/12/2055/pdf?version=1717752623","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:152cd602907640fcb053d8618c4200d4","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/152cd602907640fcb053d8618c4200d4","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 12, p 2055 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16122055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16122055","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/12/2055/pdf?version=1717752623","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4399999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1400845554","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023-01-06","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2754508387","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42274044","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5612372857","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41874042","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G827692047","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41974010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4399433054.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":44,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1535176033","https://openalex.org/W1877008741","https://openalex.org/W1969583657","https://openalex.org/W1989668498","https://openalex.org/W2012730721","https://openalex.org/W2018874360","https://openalex.org/W2047158459","https://openalex.org/W2048363304","https://openalex.org/W2064556089","https://openalex.org/W2076413875","https://openalex.org/W2076486392","https://openalex.org/W2108896901","https://openalex.org/W2112306707","https://openalex.org/W2121745948","https://openalex.org/W2135750150","https://openalex.org/W2143511888","https://openalex.org/W2149112844","https://openalex.org/W2149237966","https://openalex.org/W2158612390","https://openalex.org/W2174616381","https://openalex.org/W2327830880","https://openalex.org/W2352632751","https://openalex.org/W2606783291","https://openalex.org/W2730087402","https://openalex.org/W2756320150","https://openalex.org/W2771000823","https://openalex.org/W2780250816","https://openalex.org/W2809858944","https://openalex.org/W2883537372","https://openalex.org/W2970386345","https://openalex.org/W2971671334","https://openalex.org/W2983846184","https://openalex.org/W3025949386","https://openalex.org/W3090818326","https://openalex.org/W3103858652","https://openalex.org/W3188843269","https://openalex.org/W4313436130","https://openalex.org/W4360930491","https://openalex.org/W4378376874","https://openalex.org/W4384201819","https://openalex.org/W4390475349","https://openalex.org/W6632175673","https://openalex.org/W6681976800","https://openalex.org/W6701729214"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2382808712","https://openalex.org/W2116507481","https://openalex.org/W2140519956","https://openalex.org/W2149182116","https://openalex.org/W252284478","https://openalex.org/W2294946633","https://openalex.org/W2065291495","https://openalex.org/W2172709382","https://openalex.org/W176069248","https://openalex.org/W1997676462"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Due":[0],"to":[1,15,153,162,178,187],"the":[2,5,8,13,17,21,23,31,43,70,89,98,106,122,126,131,145,157,166,169,182,191],"difference":[3],"in":[4,105],"quality":[6],"of":[7,20,72,76,80,97,125,144,171],"global":[9,51],"assimilation":[10],"data":[11,83],"and":[12,50,63,85,94,108,128,139,159,168,184],"ability":[14],"reproduce":[16],"real":[18],"conditions":[19],"atmosphere,":[22],"hourly":[24],"atmospheric":[25,44,103,201],"temperature":[26,47,104],"at":[27],"2":[28,101],"m":[29,102],"above":[30],"land":[32],"surface":[33],"from":[34,150,176],"ERA5":[35,100],"cannot":[36],"be":[37,135],"used":[38],"with":[39],"complete":[40,64],"confidence":[41],"for":[42,130,156,165,181,190,200],"weighted":[45],"mean":[46],"(Tm)":[48],"calculations":[49],"navigation":[52],"satellite":[53],"system":[54],"(GNSS)":[55],"precipitable":[56],"water":[57],"vapor":[58],"(PWV)":[59],"inversion.":[60],"A":[61],"systematic":[62],"refinement":[65,86,195],"method":[66,196],"is":[67],"proposed,":[68],"including":[69],"compensation":[71],"elevation":[73],"matching":[74],"bias":[75],"gridded":[77],"temperature,":[78],"correction":[79],"fixed-time":[81],"cusp":[82],"fitting":[84],"based":[87,113],"on":[88,114],"remove-and-restore":[90],"model.":[91],"The":[92,118,142],"usability":[93],"accuracy":[95,124],"improvement":[96],"refined":[99],"Tm":[107,127,158,183],"PWV":[109,129],"calculation":[110],"were":[111],"validated":[112],"three":[115],"GNSS":[116],"stations.":[117],"result":[119],"shows":[120],"that":[121],"average":[123],"entire":[132],"region":[133],"could":[134],"increased":[136],"by":[137],"74.4%":[138],"75.1%,":[140],"respectively.":[141],"RMS":[143,170],"highest":[146],"station":[147],"was":[148,174],"reduced":[149,175],"4.28":[151],"K":[152,155,180],"0.62":[154],"0.662":[160],"mm":[161,164,186,189],"0.203":[163],"PWV,":[167],"other":[172],"stations":[173],"1.25":[177],"0.44":[179],"0.211":[185],"0.101":[188],"PWV.":[192],"This":[193],"overall":[194],"has":[197],"important":[198],"implications":[199],"remote":[202],"sensing.":[203]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}