{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4394815731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16081386","title":"Automatic Building Roof Plane Extraction in Urban Environments for 3D City Modelling Using Remote Sensing Data","display_name":"Automatic Building Roof Plane Extraction in Urban Environments for 3D City Modelling Using Remote Sensing Data","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-04-14","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4394815731","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16081386"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16081386","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16081386","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/8/1386/pdf?version=1713084037","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/8/1386/pdf?version=1713084037","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001397082","display_name":"Carlos Campoverde","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-1615-4065"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Carlos Campoverde","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7521 AN Enschede, The Netherlands","of and () , ,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7521 AN Enschede, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"of and () , ,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5001059507","display_name":"Mila Koeva","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7612-5270"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Mila Koeva","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7521 AN Enschede, The Netherlands","of and () , ,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7521 AN Enschede, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"of and () , ,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029035818","display_name":"Claudio Persello","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3742-5398"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudio Persello","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7521 AN Enschede, The Netherlands","of and () , ,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7521 AN Enschede, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"of and () , ,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5050137546","display_name":"Konstantin A. Maslov","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4334-1548"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Konstantin Maslov","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7521 AN Enschede, The Netherlands","of and () , ,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7521 AN Enschede, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"of and () , ,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100313748","display_name":"Weiqin Jiao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2394-945X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I94624287","display_name":"University of Twente","ror":"https://ror.org/006hf6230","country_code":"NL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]}],"countries":["NL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiqin Jiao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7521 AN Enschede, The Netherlands","of and () , ,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Geo-Information Science and Earth Observation (ITC), University of Twente, 7521 AN Enschede, The Netherlands","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"of and () , ,","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044278053","display_name":"Dessislava Petrova\u2010Antonova","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9920-8877"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I58918642","display_name":"Sofia University \"St. Kliment Ohridski\"","ror":"https://ror.org/02jv3k292","country_code":"BG","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I58918642"]}],"countries":["BG"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dessislava Petrova-Antonova","raw_affiliation_strings":["GATE Institute, Sofia University \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria","of and () , ,"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GATE Institute, Sofia University \u201cSt. Kliment Ohridski\u201d, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I58918642"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"of and () , ,","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5001059507"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I94624287"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.115,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.74592779,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"16","issue":"8","first_page":"1386","last_page":"1386"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12698","display_name":"3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12698","display_name":"3D Modeling in Geospatial Applications","score":0.9998000264167786,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/roof","display_name":"Roof","score":0.8624247312545776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6615256071090698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/architecture","display_name":"Architecture","score":0.42297545075416565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.3983737826347351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.38795435428619385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3275613784790039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.25619763135910034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-engineering","display_name":"Civil engineering","score":0.20278865098953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.09302476048469543}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776748203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83180","display_name":"Roof","level":2,"score":0.8624247312545776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6615256071090698},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C123657996","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12271","display_name":"Architecture","level":2,"score":0.42297545075416565},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.3983737826347351},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.38795435428619385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3275613784790039},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.25619763135910034},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147176958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q77590","display_name":"Civil engineering","level":1,"score":0.20278865098953247},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.09302476048469543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16081386","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16081386","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/8/1386/pdf?version=1713084037","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:openaire_cris_publications/a536f0e8-08ba-4b1d-8d1f-c211454c52c0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/en/publications/a536f0e8-08ba-4b1d-8d1f-c211454c52c0","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Campoverde, C, Koeva, M N, Persello, C, Maslov, K, Jiao, W & Petrova-Antonova, D 2024, 'Automatic Building Roof Plane Extraction in Urban Environments for 3D City Modelling Using Remote Sensing Data', Remote sensing, vol. 16, no. 8, 1386. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16081386","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:57fbd468c1254cbfa9ac41bf5845a6c2","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/57fbd468c1254cbfa9ac41bf5845a6c2","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 16, Iss 8, p 1386 (2024)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ris.utwente.nl:openaire/a536f0e8-08ba-4b1d-8d1f-c211454c52c0","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://research.utwente.nl/files/407671090/remotesensing-16-01386-v2.pdf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4406922991","display_name":"University of Twente Research Information","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Campoverde, C, Koeva, M N, Persello, C, Maslov, K, Jiao, W & Petrova-Antonova, D 2024, 'Automatic Building Roof Plane Extraction in Urban Environments for 3D City Modelling Using Remote Sensing Data', Remote sensing, vol. 16, no. 8, 1386. https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16081386","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs16081386","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs16081386","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/16/8/1386/pdf?version=1713084037","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8399999737739563,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4394815731.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":24,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1656169455","https://openalex.org/W1966411833","https://openalex.org/W1981995643","https://openalex.org/W2006815145","https://openalex.org/W2036811480","https://openalex.org/W2348385415","https://openalex.org/W2759222052","https://openalex.org/W2782496360","https://openalex.org/W2793396497","https://openalex.org/W2891349894","https://openalex.org/W2892302547","https://openalex.org/W2918958705","https://openalex.org/W3081634424","https://openalex.org/W3137744231","https://openalex.org/W3161186144","https://openalex.org/W3174530134","https://openalex.org/W3215313116","https://openalex.org/W4214838624","https://openalex.org/W4221107766","https://openalex.org/W4229364342","https://openalex.org/W4294662183","https://openalex.org/W4382560803","https://openalex.org/W6637002166","https://openalex.org/W6804422598"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2058170566","https://openalex.org/W2755342338","https://openalex.org/W2772917594","https://openalex.org/W2775347418","https://openalex.org/W2166024367","https://openalex.org/W3116076068","https://openalex.org/W2229312674","https://openalex.org/W2951359407","https://openalex.org/W2079911747","https://openalex.org/W1969923398"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Delineating":[0],"and":[1,63,123,143,168,177,262,285],"modelling":[2,292],"building":[3,27,46,74,105,116,225],"roof":[4,17,47,61,75,106,117,161,226],"plane":[5,48,76,107,118,227],"structures":[6,119],"is":[7],"an":[8,136,230,257,272],"active":[9],"research":[10,40],"direction":[11],"in":[12,82,173,181,218,224,293],"urban-related":[13],"studies,":[14],"as":[15,58],"understanding":[16],"structure":[18,162],"provides":[19],"essential":[20],"information":[21],"for":[22,99,113,289],"generating":[23],"highly":[24],"detailed":[25],"3D":[26,290],"models.":[28],"Traditional":[29],"deep-learning":[30],"models":[31],"have":[32],"been":[33],"the":[34,69,164,178,219,236,240,247,252,263,268,280],"main":[35],"focus":[36],"of":[37,186,198,208,233,260,275],"most":[38],"recent":[39],"endeavors":[41],"aiming":[42],"to":[43,89,104,140],"extract":[44],"pixel-based":[45,73],"areas":[49,157,202],"from":[50,147,279],"remote-sensing":[51],"imagery.":[52,149],"However,":[53],"significant":[54],"challenges":[55,67],"arise,":[56],"such":[57],"delineating":[59,209],"complex":[60],"boundaries":[62],"invisible":[64],"boundaries.":[65],"Additionally,":[66],"during":[68],"post-processing":[70],"phase,":[71],"where":[72],"maps":[77],"are":[78,283],"vectorized,":[79],"often":[80],"result":[81],"polygons":[83],"with":[84,194,229],"irregular":[85],"shapes.":[86],"In":[87,245],"order":[88],"address":[90],"this":[91,93],"issue,":[92],"study":[94,156,201],"explores":[95],"a":[96,111,129,191,195,204],"state-of-the-art":[97],"method":[98],"planar":[100],"graph":[101],"reconstruction":[102],"applied":[103],"extraction.":[108],"We":[109],"propose":[110],"framework":[112,127],"reconstructing":[114],"regularized":[115],"using":[120],"aerial":[121,148],"imagery":[122],"cadastral":[124],"information.":[125],"Our":[126,150,216],"employs":[128],"holistic":[130],"edge":[131],"classification":[132],"architecture":[133],"based":[134],"on":[135,153,239,251,267],"attention-based":[137],"neural":[138],"network":[139],"detect":[141],"corners":[142],"edges":[144,210],"between":[145],"them":[146],"experiments":[151,188],"focused":[152],"three":[154],"distinct":[155],"characterized":[158],"by":[159,212],"different":[160,200,294],"topologies:":[163],"Stadsveld\u2013\u2018t":[165,253],"Zwering":[166,254],"neighborhood":[167],"Oude":[169,220],"Markt":[170,221],"area,":[171],"located":[172],"Enschede,":[174],"The":[175,184,277],"Netherlands,":[176],"Lozenets":[179,269],"district":[180],"Sofia,":[182],"Bulgaria.":[183],"outcomes":[185],"our":[187],"revealed":[189],"that":[190],"model":[192,237,248,264],"trained":[193,238,249,265],"combined":[196,241],"dataset":[197,242,255,270],"two":[199],"demonstrated":[203],"superior":[205],"performance,":[206],"capable":[207],"obscured":[211],"shadows":[213],"or":[214],"canopy.":[215],"experiment":[217],"area":[222],"resulted":[223],"delineation":[228],"F-score":[231,258,273],"value":[232,259,274],"0.43":[234],"when":[235],"was":[243],"used.":[244],"comparison,":[246],"only":[250,266],"achieved":[256,271],"0.37,":[261],"0.32.":[276],"results":[278],"developed":[281],"approach":[282],"promising":[284],"can":[286],"be":[287],"used":[288],"city":[291],"urban":[295],"settings.":[296]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-12-22T23:10:17.713674","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
