{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4387653596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15204970","title":"Remote Sensing-Based Simulation of Snow Grain Size and Spatial\u2013Temporal Variation Characteristics of Northeast China from 2001 to 2019","display_name":"Remote Sensing-Based Simulation of Snow Grain Size and Spatial\u2013Temporal Variation Characteristics of Northeast China from 2001 to 2019","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-10-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4387653596","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15204970"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15204970","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15204970","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/20/4970/pdf?version=1697347423","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/20/4970/pdf?version=1697347423","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109399239","display_name":"Fan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6714-9534"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Land Surface Pattern and Simulation, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100444058","display_name":"Lijuan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6931-7335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134052481","display_name":"Harbin Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0270y6950","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134052481"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lijuan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134052481"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102371550","display_name":"Yanjiao Zheng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I200845125","display_name":"Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/02y0rxk19","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yanjiao Zheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Agricultural Meteorology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I200845125"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100723323","display_name":"Shiwen Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6294-4865"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134052481","display_name":"Harbin Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0270y6950","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134052481"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shiwen Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134052481"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074317904","display_name":"Yutao Huang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0256-9105"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I134052481","display_name":"Harbin Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/0270y6950","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I134052481"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yutao Huang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Heilongjiang Province Key Laboratory of Geographical Environment Monitoring and Spatial Information Service in Cold Regions, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134052481"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100444058"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I134052481"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.8428,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":4,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.71212976,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"20","first_page":"4970","last_page":"4970"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10644","display_name":"Cryospheric studies and observations","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11333","display_name":"Climate change and permafrost","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11459","display_name":"Arctic and Antarctic ice dynamics","score":0.9976000189781189,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/snow","display_name":"Snow","score":0.8068326711654663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6819233298301697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/albedo","display_name":"Albedo (alchemy)","score":0.5215627551078796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spatial-distribution","display_name":"Spatial distribution","score":0.415167897939682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.40423133969306946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.4011566638946533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.3799491226673126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3168979287147522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.2538638710975647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1553879976272583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.14249259233474731}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197046000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7561","display_name":"Snow","level":2,"score":0.8068326711654663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6819233298301697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195886398","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2110050","display_name":"Albedo (alchemy)","level":3,"score":0.5215627551078796},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777016058","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7574061","display_name":"Spatial distribution","level":2,"score":0.415167897939682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.40423133969306946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.4011566638946533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.3799491226673126},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3168979287147522},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.2538638710975647},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1553879976272583},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.14249259233474731},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C554144382","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q213156","display_name":"Performance art","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142362112","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q735","display_name":"Art","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C52119013","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q50637","display_name":"Art history","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15204970","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15204970","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/20/4970/pdf?version=1697347423","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f71ce2f740b944cc8ffae726bfb7ab3c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f71ce2f740b944cc8ffae726bfb7ab3c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 20, p 4970 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15204970","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15204970","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/20/4970/pdf?version=1697347423","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation","score":0.44999998807907104}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3175620418","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZD2020D002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3231626233","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42271136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5405566390","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZD2020D002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5919045072","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42271136","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6337571811","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023M733470","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","funder_display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6753539976","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2023M733470","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8536915440","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZD2020D002","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323085","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321543","display_name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","ror":"https://ror.org/0426zh255"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320323085","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4387653596.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W632136151","https://openalex.org/W1966251346","https://openalex.org/W1973233633","https://openalex.org/W1980174267","https://openalex.org/W1987351649","https://openalex.org/W2002199472","https://openalex.org/W2006833122","https://openalex.org/W2007819964","https://openalex.org/W2013371733","https://openalex.org/W2022106079","https://openalex.org/W2049197158","https://openalex.org/W2057013404","https://openalex.org/W2059672595","https://openalex.org/W2075239400","https://openalex.org/W2083190620","https://openalex.org/W2087341643","https://openalex.org/W2092430324","https://openalex.org/W2093493036","https://openalex.org/W2101278333","https://openalex.org/W2103794190","https://openalex.org/W2110808595","https://openalex.org/W2123524246","https://openalex.org/W2146237914","https://openalex.org/W2156730686","https://openalex.org/W2164448908","https://openalex.org/W2170023964","https://openalex.org/W2171126990","https://openalex.org/W2325877420","https://openalex.org/W2333732927","https://openalex.org/W2349256550","https://openalex.org/W2368641261","https://openalex.org/W2381611951","https://openalex.org/W2469525676","https://openalex.org/W2516940289","https://openalex.org/W2744080939","https://openalex.org/W2760004403","https://openalex.org/W2770644067","https://openalex.org/W2774397744","https://openalex.org/W2791110132","https://openalex.org/W2803377082","https://openalex.org/W2896240536","https://openalex.org/W2941098792","https://openalex.org/W2987728001","https://openalex.org/W3001272277","https://openalex.org/W3005171405","https://openalex.org/W3023188421","https://openalex.org/W3041926176","https://openalex.org/W3048944811","https://openalex.org/W3073967817","https://openalex.org/W3094228342","https://openalex.org/W3097133059","https://openalex.org/W3111322351","https://openalex.org/W3121137705","https://openalex.org/W3199976051","https://openalex.org/W4200044995","https://openalex.org/W4205133415","https://openalex.org/W4205529027","https://openalex.org/W4212807385","https://openalex.org/W4231460278","https://openalex.org/W4236946998","https://openalex.org/W4283813462","https://openalex.org/W4296630515","https://openalex.org/W6620317414","https://openalex.org/W6710569292","https://openalex.org/W6987385259"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2314704010","https://openalex.org/W3016571665","https://openalex.org/W2017422525","https://openalex.org/W1957627967","https://openalex.org/W3009200560","https://openalex.org/W1983140832","https://openalex.org/W2037568094","https://openalex.org/W2154848670","https://openalex.org/W3048944811","https://openalex.org/W3094283074"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,146,180,195,220,258,309],"size":[1,90,142,238,295],"of":[2,42,65,87,110,139,164,205,216,218,243,262,271,298,317],"snow":[3,18,37,53,88,121,140,158,236,299],"grains":[4,38,300],"is":[5,13,225],"an":[6,72,162,202,314],"important":[7,47],"parameter":[8,16],"in":[9,92,128,143,156,177,191,229,264,274,279,306],"cryosphere":[10],"studies.":[11],"It":[12],"the":[14,30,40,108,111,134,150,234,265,269,275,280,294,307],"main":[15],"affecting":[17],"albedo":[19,322],"and":[20,33,45,55,136,213,249,254,277,296,323],"can":[21],"have":[22],"a":[23,103,169,209,214,240,302],"feedback":[24],"effect":[25,319],"on":[26,80,320],"regional":[27],"climate":[28],"change,":[29],"water":[31],"cycle":[32],"ecological":[34],"security.":[35],"Larger":[36],"increase":[39,204],"likelihood":[41],"light":[43],"absorption":[44],"are":[46,311],"for":[48],"passive":[49],"microwave":[50],"remote":[51],"sensing,":[52],"physics":[54],"hydrological":[56],"modelling.":[57],"Snow":[58],"models":[59],"would":[60],"benefit":[61],"from":[62,95,173,186,285],"more":[63],"observations":[64,117],"surface":[66],"grain":[67,89,122,141,159,237],"size.":[68],"This":[69],"paper":[70],"uses":[71],"asymptotic":[73],"radiative":[74,325],"transfer":[75],"model":[76,152],"(ART":[77],"model)":[78],"based":[79],"MOD09GA":[81],"ground":[82],"reflectance":[83],"data.":[84],"A":[85],"simulation":[86],"(SGS)":[91],"northeast":[93,178,192],"China":[94],"2001":[96,174],"to":[97,118,175,188,288,313],"2019":[98,176],"was":[99,198],"carried":[100],"out":[101],"using":[102,115],"two-channel":[104],"algorithm.":[105],"We":[106],"verified":[107],"accuracy":[109,155],"inversion":[112],"results":[113,147,310],"by":[114,247],"ground-based":[116],"obtain":[119],"stratified":[120],"sizes":[123],"at":[124],"48":[125],"collection":[126],"sites":[127],"northeastern":[129,266],"China.":[130,145,179],"Furthermore,":[131],"we":[132,292],"analysed":[133],"spatial":[135,260],"temporal":[137],"trends":[138],"Northeastern":[144],"show":[148,222],"that":[149,223],"ART":[151],"has":[153],"good":[154],"inverting":[157],"size,":[160],"with":[161,201,231,239,251,282],"RMSD":[163],"65":[165],"\u03bcm,":[166,200,245,256],"which":[167],"showed":[168],"non-significant":[170,210],"increasing":[171,211],"trend":[172,212],"annual":[181,203],"average":[182],"SGS":[183,263],"distribution":[184,261,297],"ranged":[185],"430.83":[187],"452.38":[189],"\u03bcm":[190,253,287],"China,":[193],"2001\u20132019.":[194],"mean":[196,241],"value":[197,242],"441.78":[199],"0.26":[206],"\u03bcm/a,":[207],"showing":[208],"coefficient":[215],"variation":[217,228],"0.014.":[219],"simulations":[221],"there":[224],"also":[226],"intermonth":[227],"SGS,":[230],"December":[232],"having":[233],"largest":[235],"453.92":[244],"followed":[246],"January":[248],"February":[250],"450.77":[252],"417.78":[255],"respectively.":[257],"overall":[259],"region":[267],"shows":[268],"characteristics":[270],"being":[272],"high":[273],"north":[276],"low":[278],"south,":[281],"values":[283],"ranging":[284],"380.248":[286],"497.141":[289],"\u03bcm.":[290],"Overall,":[291],"clarified":[293],"over":[301],"long":[303],"time":[304],"series":[305],"northeast.":[308],"key":[312],"accurate":[315],"evaluation":[316],"their":[318,324],"snow\u2013ice":[321],"forcing":[326],"effect.":[327]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-09T08:11:56.329763","created_date":"2023-10-16T00:00:00"}
