{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4377138513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102658","title":"Automatic Point Cloud Colorization of Ground-Based LiDAR Data Using Video Imagery without Position and Orientation System","display_name":"Automatic Point Cloud Colorization of Ground-Based LiDAR Data Using Video Imagery without Position and Orientation System","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-05-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4377138513","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102658"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15102658","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102658","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/10/2658/pdf?version=1684495461","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/10/2658/pdf?version=1684495461","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100743373","display_name":"Junhao Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-6269-1069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junhao Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5072974910","display_name":"Chunjing Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3360-9694"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Chunjing Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100452333","display_name":"Hongchao Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5197-5471"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongchao Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Chen Qian","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chen Qian","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100440212","display_name":"Jie Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-6328-7117"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jie Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Remote Sensing and Information Engineering, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5072974910"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":0.7204,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66057124,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"10","first_page":"2658","last_page":"2658"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11211","display_name":"3D Surveying and Cultural Heritage","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1907","display_name":"Geology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10191","display_name":"Robotics and Sensor-Based Localization","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7678296566009521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mobile-mapping","display_name":"Mobile mapping","score":0.7179484367370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.699495792388916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6640413403511047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orientation","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","score":0.6160309314727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.544968843460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photogrammetry","display_name":"Photogrammetry","score":0.5291717052459717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distortion","display_name":"Distortion (music)","score":0.4733595550060272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/parallax","display_name":"Parallax","score":0.47042179107666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pixel","display_name":"Pixel","score":0.47003597021102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lidar","display_name":"Lidar","score":0.46053197979927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.46026235818862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inertial-measurement-unit","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","score":0.4348810315132141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4196814000606537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.15990519523620605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.13432824611663818}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7678296566009521},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776821279","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2293902","display_name":"Mobile mapping","level":3,"score":0.7179484367370605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.699495792388916},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6640413403511047},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C16345878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q107472979","display_name":"Orientation (vector space)","level":2,"score":0.6160309314727783},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.544968843460083},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117455697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190149","display_name":"Photogrammetry","level":2,"score":0.5291717052459717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126780896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q899871","display_name":"Distortion (music)","level":4,"score":0.4733595550060272},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15759828","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q165074","display_name":"Parallax","level":2,"score":0.47042179107666016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160633673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q355198","display_name":"Pixel","level":2,"score":0.47003597021102905},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51399673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q504027","display_name":"Lidar","level":2,"score":0.46053197979927063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.46026235818862915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79061980","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q941680","display_name":"Inertial measurement unit","level":2,"score":0.4348810315132141},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4196814000606537},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.15990519523620605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.13432824611663818},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776257435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1576430","display_name":"Bandwidth (computing)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C194257627","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q211554","display_name":"Amplifier","level":3,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15102658","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102658","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/10/2658/pdf?version=1684495461","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:b345aacae75243948703b3b5d2fa0dbe","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/b345aacae75243948703b3b5d2fa0dbe","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 10, p 2658 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15102658","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15102658","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/10/2658/pdf?version=1684495461","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.8199999928474426,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1926455646","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"11-H37B02-9001-19/22","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3734137847","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41101417","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5068573622","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFB0504500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7217627342","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41101417","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4377138513.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":33,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W21877","https://openalex.org/W1532362218","https://openalex.org/W1677409904","https://openalex.org/W2022243285","https://openalex.org/W2022367031","https://openalex.org/W2033819227","https://openalex.org/W2056868101","https://openalex.org/W2089901639","https://openalex.org/W2093883529","https://openalex.org/W2111308925","https://openalex.org/W2112731915","https://openalex.org/W2117228865","https://openalex.org/W2141955292","https://openalex.org/W2151103935","https://openalex.org/W2167667767","https://openalex.org/W2167999499","https://openalex.org/W2323582048","https://openalex.org/W2326644038","https://openalex.org/W2355235632","https://openalex.org/W2369353373","https://openalex.org/W2375626367","https://openalex.org/W2745859992","https://openalex.org/W2767160078","https://openalex.org/W2767295535","https://openalex.org/W2821387941","https://openalex.org/W2911702929","https://openalex.org/W2954135432","https://openalex.org/W3129245057","https://openalex.org/W4221037756","https://openalex.org/W4406093925","https://openalex.org/W6637400245","https://openalex.org/W6676770471","https://openalex.org/W6772905761"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3039299368","https://openalex.org/W3083006002","https://openalex.org/W1986086148","https://openalex.org/W4378194305","https://openalex.org/W2768378493","https://openalex.org/W2656678462","https://openalex.org/W2273766282","https://openalex.org/W3161266721","https://openalex.org/W2991246638","https://openalex.org/W4285525803"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"With":[0],"the":[1,32,70,77,157,164,197,217,229,252,261,268,271,275,279,283,286,304,307],"continuous":[2],"development":[3],"of":[4,34,95,163,216,270,274,285,310],"three-dimensional":[5],"city":[6],"modeling,":[7],"traditional":[8],"close-range":[9],"photogrammetry":[10],"is":[11,73,80,166,171,222,231,247,264],"limited":[12],"by":[13],"complex":[14],"processing":[15],"procedures":[16],"and":[17,37,39,48,62,65,76,98,106,138,190,205,290,297,318],"incomplete":[18],"3D":[19,112,319],"depth":[20],"information,":[21],"making":[22],"it":[23],"unable":[24],"to":[25,109,141,155,209],"meet":[26],"high-precision":[27],"modeling":[28,317],"requirements.":[29],"In":[30,278],"contrast,":[31],"integration":[33,79],"light":[35],"detection":[36],"ranging":[38],"cameras":[40],"in":[41,83],"mobile":[42,54,90],"measurement":[43,55,67,91],"systems":[44,56],"provides":[45],"a":[46,88,96,99,103,147,178],"new":[47],"highly":[49],"effective":[50],"solution.":[51],"Currently,":[52],"integrated":[53],"commonly":[57],"require":[58],"cameras,":[59],"lasers,":[60],"position":[61],"orientation":[63,159,184],"system":[64,78,92],"inertial":[66],"units;":[68],"thus,":[69],"hardware":[71],"cost":[72],"relatively":[74],"expensive,":[75],"complex.":[81],"Therefore,":[82],"this":[84],"paper,":[85],"we":[86],"propose":[87],"ground":[89],"only":[93,167],"composed":[94],"LiDAR":[97],"GoPro":[100],"camera,":[101],"providing":[102],"more":[104],"convenient":[105],"reliable":[107],"way":[108],"automatically":[110],"obtain":[111,156],"point":[113,121,235,262,281],"cloud":[114,122,236,263],"data":[115],"with":[116,202,243],"spectral":[117],"information.":[118],"The":[119,161,213],"automatic":[120],"coloring":[123,237],"based":[124,150,176,185,239,266],"on":[125,151,177,186,240,267],"video":[126,143],"images":[127],"mainly":[128],"includes":[129],"four":[130],"aspects:":[131],"(1)":[132],"Establishing":[133,146,182],"models":[134],"for":[135,258],"radial":[136],"distortion":[137,140],"tangential":[139],"correct":[142],"images.":[144],"(2)":[145],"registration":[148,175],"method":[149,238],"normalized":[152],"Zernike":[153],"moments":[154],"exterior":[158],"elements.":[160],"error":[162],"result":[165,305],"0.5\u20131":[168],"pixel,":[169,226],"which":[170],"far":[172],"higher":[173],"than":[174,224],"collinearity":[179],"equation.":[180],"(3)":[181],"relative":[183],"essential":[187],"matrix":[188],"decomposition":[189],"nonlinear":[191],"optimization.":[192],"This":[193],"involves":[194],"uniformly":[195],"using":[196],"speeded-up":[198],"robust":[199],"features":[200],"algorithm":[201],"distance":[203],"restriction":[204,246],"random":[206],"sample":[207],"consensus":[208],"select":[210],"corresponding":[211],"points.":[212],"vertical":[214],"parallax":[215],"stereo":[218],"image":[219],"pair":[220],"model":[221],"less":[223],"one":[225],"indicating":[227],"that":[228],"accuracy":[230,308],"high.":[232],"(4)":[233],"A":[234],"Gaussian":[241,272],"distribution":[242,273],"central":[244,253],"region":[245,254],"adopted.":[248],"Only":[249],"pixels":[250],"within":[251],"are":[255,288],"considered":[256],"valid":[257],"coloring.":[259],"Then,":[260],"colored":[265,280],"mean":[269],"color":[276],"set.":[277],"cloud,":[282],"textures":[284],"buildings":[287],"clear,":[289],"targets":[291],"such":[292,312],"as":[293,313],"windows,":[294],"grass,":[295],"trees,":[296],"vehicles":[298],"can":[299],"be":[300],"clearly":[301],"distinguished.":[302],"Overall,":[303],"meets":[306],"requirements":[309],"applications":[311],"tunnel":[314],"detection,":[315],"street-view":[316],"urban":[320],"modeling.":[321]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-21T08:09:41.155169","created_date":"2023-05-21T00:00:00"}
