{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4327983945","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15061644","title":"An Operational Processing Framework for Spaceborne SAR Formations","display_name":"An Operational Processing Framework for Spaceborne SAR Formations","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-03-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4327983945","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15061644"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15061644","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15061644","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/6/1644/pdf?version=1679388088","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/6/1644/pdf?version=1679388088","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030991224","display_name":"Naomi Petrushevsky","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6591-1433"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Naomi Petrushevsky","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32-20133 Milano, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32-20133 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013290349","display_name":"Andrea Monti Guarnieri","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2142-7807"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Andrea Monti Guarnieri","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32-20133 Milano, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32-20133 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029778276","display_name":"Marco Manzoni","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5525-0491"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marco Manzoni","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32-20133 Milano, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32-20133 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5030836287","display_name":"Claudio Maria Prati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5379-5634"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Claudio Prati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32-20133 Milano, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32-20133 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5031451234","display_name":"Stefano Tebaldini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1229-3811"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I93860229","display_name":"Politecnico di Milano","ror":"https://ror.org/01nffqt88","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Tebaldini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32-20133 Milano, Italy"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Dipartimento di Elettronica, Informazione e Bioingegneria, Politecnico di Milano, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci, 32-20133 Milano, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5013290349"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I93860229"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":4.6267,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":6,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.9420455,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"6","first_page":"1644","last_page":"1644"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11038","display_name":"Advanced SAR Imaging Techniques","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10801","display_name":"Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications and Techniques","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11739","display_name":"Microwave Imaging and Scattering Analysis","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2204","display_name":"Biomedical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7628846168518066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upsampling","display_name":"Upsampling","score":0.7409510612487793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.6176637411117554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/synthetic-aperture-radar","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","score":0.6131652593612671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/earth-observation","display_name":"Earth observation","score":0.505699872970581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.3944341838359833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.34644216299057007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/real-time-computing","display_name":"Real-time computing","score":0.34183329343795776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.23875916004180908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/image","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","score":0.18115440011024475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.1617550253868103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.1134585440158844}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7628846168518066},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110384440","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1143270","display_name":"Upsampling","level":3,"score":0.7409510612487793},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.6176637411117554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87360688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740686","display_name":"Synthetic aperture radar","level":2,"score":0.6131652593612671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39399123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1348989","display_name":"Earth observation","level":3,"score":0.505699872970581},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.3944341838359833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.34644216299057007},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C79403827","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3988","display_name":"Real-time computing","level":1,"score":0.34183329343795776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.23875916004180908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.18115440011024475},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.1617550253868103},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.1134585440158844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15061644","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15061644","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/6/1644/pdf?version=1679388088","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:re.public.polimi.it:11311/1235704","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11311/1235704","pdf_url":"https://re.public.polimi.it/bitstream/11311/1235704/1/remotesensing-15-01644-v2%20%281%29.pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400312","display_name":"Virtual Community of Pathological Anatomy (University of Castilla La Mancha)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I79189158","host_organization_name":"University of Castilla-La Mancha","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I79189158"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a3b0c0d147e941afaf9c273801c19b9b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a3b0c0d147e941afaf9c273801c19b9b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 6, p 1644 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/6/1644/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15061644","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 15; Issue 6; Pages: 1644","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15061644","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15061644","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/6/1644/pdf?version=1679388088","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4327983945.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W145742350","https://openalex.org/W600489004","https://openalex.org/W1894337722","https://openalex.org/W2012068722","https://openalex.org/W2025615944","https://openalex.org/W2042706080","https://openalex.org/W2047941860","https://openalex.org/W2051701167","https://openalex.org/W2054700682","https://openalex.org/W2061577342","https://openalex.org/W2093631663","https://openalex.org/W2101961721","https://openalex.org/W2107914333","https://openalex.org/W2109896001","https://openalex.org/W2114152188","https://openalex.org/W2126421815","https://openalex.org/W2128960312","https://openalex.org/W2140990782","https://openalex.org/W2149010928","https://openalex.org/W2164809165","https://openalex.org/W2501210789","https://openalex.org/W2554867187","https://openalex.org/W2909082932","https://openalex.org/W2940853018","https://openalex.org/W2984851464","https://openalex.org/W2997395768","https://openalex.org/W2997550580","https://openalex.org/W3006513597","https://openalex.org/W3090209440","https://openalex.org/W3137776523","https://openalex.org/W3184876841","https://openalex.org/W3205199396","https://openalex.org/W3214953536","https://openalex.org/W4200238343","https://openalex.org/W4226516142","https://openalex.org/W4249102610","https://openalex.org/W4290714696","https://openalex.org/W4312282757","https://openalex.org/W4312641976","https://openalex.org/W6662628386","https://openalex.org/W6678714830","https://openalex.org/W6990661533"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4252699458","https://openalex.org/W3111202361","https://openalex.org/W2357875252","https://openalex.org/W126533163","https://openalex.org/W4380629442","https://openalex.org/W2507965015","https://openalex.org/W1994815372","https://openalex.org/W2249146193","https://openalex.org/W3020946232","https://openalex.org/W2980322467"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,136],"paper":[1],"proposes":[2],"a":[3,35,46,92,97,157,168,178,185],"flexible":[4],"and":[5,80,84,103,144,153],"efficient":[6,114],"wavenumber":[7,64],"domain":[8],"processing":[9],"scheme":[10],"suited":[11,100],"for":[12,164],"close":[13],"formations":[14],"of":[15,110,159,187],"low":[16,47],"earth":[17],"orbiting":[18],"(LEO)":[19],"synthetic":[20],"aperture":[21],"radar":[22],"(SAR)":[23],"sensors":[24,173],"hosted":[25],"on":[26],"micro-satellites":[27],"or":[28],"CubeSats.":[29],"Such":[30,96],"systems":[31],"aim":[32],"to":[33,90,101,119,162,167],"generate":[34],"high-resolution":[36],"image":[37,137],"by":[38,42,56,67,77,107,122,149,176],"combining":[39,86],"data":[40,121],"acquired":[41],"each":[43,82],"sensor":[44],"with":[45,125,133],"pulse":[48],"repetition":[49],"frequency":[50],"(PRF).":[51],"This":[52],"is":[53,99,117,147,174],"usually":[54],"performed":[55],"first":[57,78],"merging":[58],"the":[59,63,87,111,126,160],"different":[60,134],"channels":[61],"in":[62,139],"domain,":[65],"followed":[66],"bulk":[68],"focusing.":[69],"In":[70],"this":[71,75],"paper,":[72],"we":[73],"reverse":[74],"paradigm":[76],"upsampling":[79],"focusing":[81],"acquisition":[83,182],"then":[85],"focused":[88],"images":[89],"form":[91],"high-resolution,":[93],"unambiguous":[94],"image.":[95],"procedure":[98],"estimate":[102],"mitigate":[104],"artifacts":[105],"generated":[106],"incorrect":[108],"positioning":[109],"sensors.":[112],"An":[113],"wave\u2013number":[115],"method":[116],"proposed":[118],"focus":[120],"adequately":[123],"coping":[124],"orbit":[127],"curvature.":[128],"Two":[129],"implementations":[130],"are":[131],"provided":[132,175],"quality/efficiency.":[135],"quality":[138],"phase":[140],"preservation,":[141],"resolution,":[142],"sidelobes,":[143],"ambiguities":[145,165],"suppression":[146],"evaluated":[148],"simulating":[150,177],"both":[151],"point":[152],"distributed":[154],"scatterers.":[155],"Finally,":[156],"demonstration":[158],"capability":[161],"compensate":[163],"due":[166],"small":[169],"across-track":[170],"baseline":[171],"between":[172],"realistic":[179],"X-band":[180],"multi-sensor":[181],"starting":[183],"from":[184],"stack":[186],"COSMO-SkyMed":[188],"images.":[189]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-08T08:50:53.379069","created_date":"2023-03-21T00:00:00"}