{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4321600072","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15051214","title":"Cotton Growth Modelling Using UAS-Derived DSM and RGB Imagery","display_name":"Cotton Growth Modelling Using UAS-Derived DSM and RGB Imagery","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-02-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4321600072","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15051214"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15051214","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15051214","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/5/1214/pdf?version=1677229438","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/5/1214/pdf?version=1677229438","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019044225","display_name":"Vasilis Psiroukis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2046-7674"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109954829","display_name":"Agricultural University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03xawq568","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Vasilis Psiroukis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering, Department of Natural Resources Management & Agricultural Engineering, School of Environment and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering, Department of Natural Resources Management & Agricultural Engineering, School of Environment and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053536513","display_name":"George Papadopoulos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6246-3922"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109954829","display_name":"Agricultural University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03xawq568","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"George Papadopoulos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering, Department of Natural Resources Management & Agricultural Engineering, School of Environment and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering, Department of Natural Resources Management & Agricultural Engineering, School of Environment and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061183529","display_name":"Aikaterini Kasimati","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7620-3782"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109954829","display_name":"Agricultural University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03xawq568","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Aikaterini Kasimati","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering, Department of Natural Resources Management & Agricultural Engineering, School of Environment and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering, Department of Natural Resources Management & Agricultural Engineering, School of Environment and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5071715504","display_name":"Nikos Tsoulias","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6248-4333"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165358","display_name":"Hochschule Geisenheim University","ror":"https://ror.org/05myv7q56","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210165358"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nikos Tsoulias","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Agricultural Engineering, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Str. 1, D-65366 Geisenheim, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Agricultural Engineering, Geisenheim University, Von-Lade-Str. 1, D-65366 Geisenheim, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165358"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109698230","display_name":"Spyros Fountas","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109954829","display_name":"Agricultural University of Athens","ror":"https://ror.org/03xawq568","country_code":"GR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}],"countries":["GR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Spyros Fountas","raw_affiliation_strings":["Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering, Department of Natural Resources Management & Agricultural Engineering, School of Environment and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Laboratory of Agricultural Engineering, Department of Natural Resources Management & Agricultural Engineering, School of Environment and Agricultural Engineering, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5019044225"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109954829"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.5538,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":10,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8828108,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"15","issue":"5","first_page":"1214","last_page":"1214"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9865000247955322,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.662093997001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6528128981590271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-elevation-model","display_name":"Digital elevation model","score":0.5997369885444641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vegetation","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","score":0.5543872714042664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/canopy","display_name":"Canopy","score":0.512556791305542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photogrammetry","display_name":"Photogrammetry","score":0.500232458114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point-cloud","display_name":"Point cloud","score":0.47586148977279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-imagery","display_name":"Satellite imagery","score":0.4262889325618744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/plant-cover","display_name":"Plant cover","score":0.4113704264163971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.2833402752876282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.19068267941474915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.10795605182647705}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.662093997001648},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6528128981590271},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.5997369885444641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776133958","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7918366","display_name":"Vegetation (pathology)","level":2,"score":0.5543872714042664},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C101000010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5033434","display_name":"Canopy","level":2,"score":0.512556791305542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C117455697","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190149","display_name":"Photogrammetry","level":2,"score":0.500232458114624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131979681","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1899648","display_name":"Point cloud","level":2,"score":0.47586148977279663},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778102629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725252","display_name":"Satellite imagery","level":2,"score":0.4262889325618744},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201401522","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7201505","display_name":"Plant cover","level":3,"score":0.4113704264163971},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.2833402752876282},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.19068267941474915},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.10795605182647705},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15051214","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15051214","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/5/1214/pdf?version=1677229438","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6c1c5a96a554439fa6df9920c3441a82","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6c1c5a96a554439fa6df9920c3441a82","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 15, Iss 5, p 1214 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/15/5/1214/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs15051214","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs15051214","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs15051214","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/15/5/1214/pdf?version=1677229438","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4321600072.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":73,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W982801857","https://openalex.org/W1559528524","https://openalex.org/W1693171120","https://openalex.org/W1966579280","https://openalex.org/W1969855529","https://openalex.org/W1970325907","https://openalex.org/W1975310998","https://openalex.org/W2003105677","https://openalex.org/W2023602282","https://openalex.org/W2024788798","https://openalex.org/W2025858362","https://openalex.org/W2027254180","https://openalex.org/W2028432838","https://openalex.org/W2030117474","https://openalex.org/W2038546252","https://openalex.org/W2038832586","https://openalex.org/W2043474971","https://openalex.org/W2054397552","https://openalex.org/W2056084852","https://openalex.org/W2056148320","https://openalex.org/W2063623478","https://openalex.org/W2064636932","https://openalex.org/W2066709404","https://openalex.org/W2067877300","https://openalex.org/W2069747286","https://openalex.org/W2072047493","https://openalex.org/W2073086743","https://openalex.org/W2107037534","https://openalex.org/W2117225984","https://openalex.org/W2135362361","https://openalex.org/W2144113030","https://openalex.org/W2168036630","https://openalex.org/W2170414295","https://openalex.org/W2256706922","https://openalex.org/W2328015724","https://openalex.org/W2514581210","https://openalex.org/W2585124289","https://openalex.org/W2591299766","https://openalex.org/W2671704260","https://openalex.org/W2742612991","https://openalex.org/W2767407176","https://openalex.org/W2782264647","https://openalex.org/W2791393980","https://openalex.org/W2792783324","https://openalex.org/W2797338994","https://openalex.org/W2804043218","https://openalex.org/W2859001616","https://openalex.org/W2886780256","https://openalex.org/W2917035942","https://openalex.org/W2937040635","https://openalex.org/W2940856955","https://openalex.org/W2941294328","https://openalex.org/W2953966014","https://openalex.org/W2954212711","https://openalex.org/W2982552762","https://openalex.org/W2983056308","https://openalex.org/W2989660890","https://openalex.org/W2989666306","https://openalex.org/W3008109610","https://openalex.org/W3011464803","https://openalex.org/W3013956155","https://openalex.org/W3093326824","https://openalex.org/W3112929969","https://openalex.org/W3123107859","https://openalex.org/W3143537161","https://openalex.org/W3179907645","https://openalex.org/W3182693701","https://openalex.org/W4200161611","https://openalex.org/W4311201148","https://openalex.org/W4317513155","https://openalex.org/W6666487912","https://openalex.org/W6681103366","https://openalex.org/W6783729741"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2365572566","https://openalex.org/W2394068580","https://openalex.org/W2525880111","https://openalex.org/W2051732542","https://openalex.org/W2369515111","https://openalex.org/W1902541973","https://openalex.org/W3049104455","https://openalex.org/W1188945172","https://openalex.org/W2086631307","https://openalex.org/W325647201"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Modeling":[0],"cotton":[1,10,88,105,194,235],"plant":[2,47,58,89],"growth":[3,240],"is":[4,60,67],"an":[5,103],"important":[6],"aspect":[7],"of":[8,57,82,120,262],"improving":[9],"yields":[11],"and":[12,15,41,51,70,96,135,139,189,209,225,242,256],"fiber":[13],"quality":[14],"optimizing":[16],"land":[17],"management":[18],"strategies.":[19],"High-throughput":[20],"phenotyping":[21],"(HTP)":[22],"systems,":[23],"including":[24],"those":[25],"using":[26,91,110,179,200],"high-resolution":[27],"imagery":[28,143],"from":[29,169,184,192],"unmanned":[30],"aerial":[31],"systems":[32],"(UAS)":[33],"combined":[34],"with":[35,234],"sensor":[36],"technologies,":[37],"can":[38],"accurately":[39],"measure":[40],"characterize":[42],"phenotypic":[43],"traits":[44],"such":[45],"as":[46],"height,":[48],"canopy":[49,195],"cover,":[50],"vegetation":[52,94,175,218,246],"indices.":[53],"However,":[54],"manual":[55],"assessment":[56],"characteristics":[59],"still":[61],"widely":[62],"used":[63,136,145,154],"in":[64,107,116,132,237],"practice.":[65],"It":[66],"time-consuming,":[68],"labor-intensive,":[69],"prone":[71],"to":[72,86,146,155],"human":[73],"error.":[74],"In":[75],"this":[76],"study,":[77],"we":[78],"investigated":[79],"the":[80,121,133,185,193,204,207,238,254,260,263],"use":[81],"a":[83,111,249],"data-processing":[84],"pipeline":[85],"estimate":[87],"height":[90,211,236],"UAS-derived":[92],"visible-spectrum":[93],"indices":[95,176,208],"photogrammetric":[97],"products.":[98],"Experiments":[99],"were":[100,130,152,167,177,212],"conducted":[101],"at":[102,259],"experimental":[104],"field":[106,134],"Aliartos,":[108],"Greece,":[109],"DJI":[112],"Phantom":[113],"4":[114],"UAS":[115],"five":[117],"different":[118],"stages":[119,241],"2022":[122],"summer":[123],"cultivation":[124],"season.":[125,264],"Ground":[126],"Control":[127],"Points":[128],"(GCPs)":[129],"marked":[131],"for":[137],"georeferencing":[138],"model":[140],"optimization.":[141],"The":[142,214],"was":[144,196],"generate":[147],"dense":[148],"point":[149],"clouds,":[150],"which":[151],"then":[153],"create":[156],"Digital":[157,163],"Surface":[158],"Models":[159,165],"(DSMs),":[160],"while":[161,245],"specific":[162],"Elevation":[164],"(DEMs)":[166],"interpolated":[168],"RTK":[170],"GPS":[171],"measurements.":[172],"Three":[173],"(3)":[174],"calculated":[178,198],"visible":[180],"spectrum":[181],"reflectance":[182],"data":[183],"generated":[186],"orthomosaic":[187],"maps,":[188],"ground":[190],"coverage":[191],"also":[197],"by":[199],"binary":[201],"masks.":[202],"Finally,":[203],"correlations":[205,233],"between":[206],"crop":[210],"examined.":[213],"results":[215],"showed":[216,248],"that":[217],"indices,":[219,230],"especially":[220],"Green":[221,228],"Chromatic":[222],"Coordinate":[223],"(GCC)":[224],"Normalized":[226],"Excessive":[227],"(NExG)":[229],"had":[231],"high":[232],"earlier":[239],"exceeded":[243,257],"0.70,":[244],"cover":[247],"more":[250],"consistent":[251],"trend":[252],"throughout":[253],"season":[255],"0.90":[258],"beginning":[261]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-01-20T23:28:44.954186","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
