{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4223499063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081835","title":"RegGAN: An End-to-End Network for Building Footprint Generation with Boundary Regularization","display_name":"RegGAN: An End-to-End Network for Building Footprint Generation with Boundary Regularization","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-04-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4223499063","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081835"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14081835","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081835","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/8/1835/pdf?version=1649735621","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/8/1835/pdf?version=1649735621","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100624316","display_name":"Qingyu Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1067-1222"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingyu Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Science in Earth Observation, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen (TUM), 80333 Munich, Germany","Remote Sensing Technology Institute (IMF), German Aerospace Center (DLR), 82234 Wessling, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science in Earth Observation, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen (TUM), 80333 Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute (IMF), German Aerospace Center (DLR), 82234 Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062335461","display_name":"Stefano Zorzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3537-4649"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4092182","display_name":"Graz University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7xrm67","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}],"countries":["AT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stefano Zorzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology (TU Graz), 8010 Graz, Austria"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology (TU Graz), 8010 Graz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5061007704","display_name":"Yilei Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7386-0026"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210111978","display_name":"Remote Sensing Solutions (Germany)","ror":"https://ror.org/023cs4y60","country_code":"DE","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210111978"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yilei Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Technology (LMF), Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80333 Munich, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology (LMF), Technical University of Munich (TUM), 80333 Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210111978","https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068079834","display_name":"Friedrich Fraundorfer","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5805-8892"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4092182","display_name":"Graz University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00d7xrm67","country_code":"AT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]}],"countries":["AT","DE"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Friedrich Fraundorfer","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology (TU Graz), 8010 Graz, Austria","Remote Sensing Technology Institute (IMF), German Aerospace Center (DLR), 82234 Wessling, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Computer Graphics and Vision, Graz University of Technology (TU Graz), 8010 Graz, Austria","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4092182"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute (IMF), German Aerospace Center (DLR), 82234 Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5068384981","display_name":"Xiao Xiang Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5530-3613"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","display_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","ror":"https://ror.org/04bwf3e34","country_code":"DE","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1305996414","https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xiao Xiang Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Data Science in Earth Observation, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen (TUM), 80333 Munich, Germany","Remote Sensing Technology Institute (IMF), German Aerospace Center (DLR), 82234 Wessling, Germany"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Data Science in Earth Observation, Technische Universit\u00e4t M\u00fcnchen (TUM), 80333 Munich, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Technology Institute (IMF), German Aerospace Center (DLR), 82234 Wessling, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5068384981"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981","https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":1127,"currency":"EUR","value_usd":1215},"fwci":2.2033,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":16,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.86014077,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"8","first_page":"1835","last_page":"1835"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13282","display_name":"Automated Road and Building Extraction","score":0.9993000030517578,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10331","display_name":"Video Surveillance and Tracking Methods","score":0.996399998664856,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/discriminator","display_name":"Discriminator","score":0.8571014404296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7906812429428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/footprint","display_name":"Footprint","score":0.7095901370048523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/segmentation","display_name":"Segmentation","score":0.5554159283638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generative-adversarial-network","display_name":"Generative adversarial network","score":0.5344041585922241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/boundary","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","score":0.5251421928405762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/end-to-end-principle","display_name":"End-to-end principle","score":0.48927566409111023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4712888300418854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/generator","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","score":0.4503265619277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/regularization","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","score":0.44053107500076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4134008288383484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/deep-learning","display_name":"Deep learning","score":0.40473076701164246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.35132911801338196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.08555155992507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.08343896269798279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.07783538103103638}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779803651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5282088","display_name":"Discriminator","level":3,"score":0.8571014404296875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7906812429428101},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132943942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2562511","display_name":"Footprint","level":2,"score":0.7095901370048523},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89600930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423946","display_name":"Segmentation","level":2,"score":0.5554159283638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988773926","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25104379","display_name":"Generative adversarial network","level":3,"score":0.5344041585922241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62354387","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q875399","display_name":"Boundary (topology)","level":2,"score":0.5251421928405762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74296488","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2527392","display_name":"End-to-end principle","level":2,"score":0.48927566409111023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4712888300418854},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780992000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17016113","display_name":"Generator (circuit theory)","level":3,"score":0.4503265619277954},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776135515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17143721","display_name":"Regularization (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.44053107500076294},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4134008288383484},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108583219","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q197536","display_name":"Deep learning","level":2,"score":0.40473076701164246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.35132911801338196},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.08555155992507935},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.08343896269798279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.07783538103103638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94915269","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1834857","display_name":"Detector","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14081835","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081835","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/8/1835/pdf?version=1649735621","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:elib.dlr.de:192698","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081835>.","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196266","display_name":"elib (German Aerospace Center)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I2898391981","host_organization_name":"Deutsches Zentrum f\u00fcr Luft- und Raumfahrt e. V. (DLR)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2898391981"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"acceptedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"PeerReviewed"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:fd73be2127d74bbbbc8d3e77c3510a6b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/fd73be2127d74bbbbc8d3e77c3510a6b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 14, Iss 8, p 1835 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/14/8/1835/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14081835","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 14; Issue 8; Pages: 1835","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mediatum.ub.tum.de:node/1661101","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://mediatum.ub.tum.de/1661101","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4377196330","display_name":"mediaTUM  (Technical University of Munich)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","host_organization_name":"Technical University of Munich","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs14081835","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs14081835","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/14/8/1835/pdf?version=1649735621","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/10","display_name":"Reduced inequalities","score":0.5899999737739563}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1558878081","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"W2-W3-100","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320876","funder_display_name":"Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2020622295","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Big Data","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2386659898","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZT-I-PF-5-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332086","funder_display_name":"Helmholtz Artificial Intelligence Cooperation Unit"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2468255332","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ERC-2016-StG-714087","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","funder_display_name":"European Research Council"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2734144814","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Munich","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G352791218","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(BMBF)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4111574425","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"in the framework of the international future AI la","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4956428346","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon 2020 research and innovatio","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5036817778","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innov","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G623313952","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"01DD20001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6584229144","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"ZT-I-PF-5-01","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320876","funder_display_name":"Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7225624288","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"This work was","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7344532106","display_name":"Big Data for 4D Global Urban Mapping \u2013 10^16 Bytes from Social Media to EO Satellites","funder_award_id":"714087","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7842005466","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon 2020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7939921082","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"01DD20001)","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","funder_display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8318064016","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Horizon","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8633428685","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovat","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","funder_display_name":"European Commission"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320300","display_name":"European Commission","ror":"https://ror.org/00k4n6c32"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320876","display_name":"Helmholtz-Gemeinschaft","ror":"https://ror.org/0281dp749"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332086","display_name":"Helmholtz Artificial Intelligence Cooperation Unit","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334678","display_name":"European Research Council","ror":"https://ror.org/0472cxd90"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4223499063.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4223499063.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1607790861","https://openalex.org/W1901129140","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1976827068","https://openalex.org/W2014739240","https://openalex.org/W2037945469","https://openalex.org/W2039530979","https://openalex.org/W2055702796","https://openalex.org/W2104095591","https://openalex.org/W2121947440","https://openalex.org/W2143516773","https://openalex.org/W2146902889","https://openalex.org/W2194775991","https://openalex.org/W2326674917","https://openalex.org/W2538244214","https://openalex.org/W2559545830","https://openalex.org/W2559597482","https://openalex.org/W2609402060","https://openalex.org/W2764034829","https://openalex.org/W2782522152","https://openalex.org/W2793396497","https://openalex.org/W2897593716","https://openalex.org/W2938425859","https://openalex.org/W2949763629","https://openalex.org/W2950642167","https://openalex.org/W2963198662","https://openalex.org/W2963659230","https://openalex.org/W2963881378","https://openalex.org/W2971095420","https://openalex.org/W2996327453","https://openalex.org/W3006570158","https://openalex.org/W3014641072","https://openalex.org/W3021057985","https://openalex.org/W3023923911","https://openalex.org/W3081148557","https://openalex.org/W3096168491","https://openalex.org/W3163631062","https://openalex.org/W3180799764","https://openalex.org/W3186363826","https://openalex.org/W3199747600","https://openalex.org/W4239963200","https://openalex.org/W6654196349"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3217069185","https://openalex.org/W3049340819","https://openalex.org/W4308928038","https://openalex.org/W4200430540","https://openalex.org/W3141413246","https://openalex.org/W2808862658","https://openalex.org/W4322709305","https://openalex.org/W3002487853","https://openalex.org/W3010213975","https://openalex.org/W2964074194"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Accurate":[0],"and":[1,19,123,125,179,197],"reliable":[2],"building":[3,17,39,51,67,91,140,160,199],"footprint":[4,40,92],"maps":[5],"are":[6,45,60,74],"of":[7,38,48,152],"great":[8],"interest":[9],"in":[10,148,154],"many":[11],"applications,":[12],"e.g.,":[13],"urban":[14],"monitoring,":[15],"3D":[16],"modeling,":[18],"geographical":[20],"database":[21],"updating.":[22],"When":[23],"compared":[24],"to":[25,117,130,136,144,156,192],"traditional":[26],"methods,":[27],"the":[28,36,70,77,90,119,133,149,174,180],"deep-learning-based":[29],"semantic":[30,71],"segmentation":[31,72],"networks":[32,73],"have":[33],"largely":[34],"boosted":[35],"performance":[37],"generation.":[41],"However,":[42],"they":[43],"still":[44],"not":[46],"capable":[47],"delineating":[49],"structured":[50],"footprints.":[52,141],"Most":[53],"existing":[54],"studies":[55],"dealing":[56],"with":[57,94,170],"this":[58],"issue":[59],"based":[61,104],"on":[62,105,167],"two":[63,168],"steps,":[64],"which":[65,97,201],"regularize":[66],"boundaries":[68],"after":[69],"implemented,":[75],"making":[76],"whole":[78],"pipeline":[79],"inefficient.":[80],"To":[81],"address":[82],"this,":[83],"we":[84],"propose":[85,143],"an":[86],"end-to-end":[87],"network":[88,109],"for":[89],"generation":[93],"boundary":[95],"regularization,":[96],"is":[98,103,115,128,165,190],"termed":[99],"RegGAN.":[100],"Our":[101],"method":[102,164],"a":[106,112,126],"generative":[107],"adversarial":[108],"(GAN).":[110],"Specifically,":[111],"multiscale":[113],"discriminator":[114],"proposed":[116,163],"distinguish":[118],"input":[120],"between":[121],"false":[122],"true,":[124],"generator":[127],"utilized":[129],"learn":[131],"from":[132],"discriminator\u2019s":[134],"response":[135],"generate":[137],"more":[138],"realistic":[139],"We":[142],"incorporate":[145],"regularized":[146],"loss":[147],"objective":[150],"function":[151],"RegGAN,":[153],"order":[155],"further":[157],"enhance":[158],"sharp":[159,198],"boundaries.":[161],"The":[162],"evaluated":[166],"datasets":[169],"varying":[171],"spatial":[172],"resolutions:":[173],"INRIA":[175],"dataset":[176,182],"(30":[177],"cm/pixel)":[178],"ISPRS":[181],"(5":[183],"cm/pixel).":[184],"Experimental":[185],"results":[186],"show":[187],"that":[188],"RegGAN":[189],"able":[191],"well":[193],"preserve":[194],"regular":[195],"shapes":[196],"boundaries,":[200],"outperforms":[202],"other":[203],"competitors.":[204]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-19T08:26:33.389920","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
