{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3205171286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13204034","title":"Remote Sensing-Based Urban Sprawl Modeling Using Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network Markov Chain in Baghdad, Iraq","display_name":"Remote Sensing-Based Urban Sprawl Modeling Using Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network Markov Chain in Baghdad, Iraq","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-10-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3205171286","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13204034","mag":"3205171286"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13204034","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13204034","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/20/4034/pdf?version=1634538748","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/20/4034/pdf?version=1634538748","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085345102","display_name":"Wafaa Majeed Mutashar Al-Hameedi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9743-1549"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wafaa Majeed Mutashar Al-Hameedi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084932231","display_name":"Jie Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3864-9265"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jie Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023153935","display_name":"Cheechouyang Faichia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0785-1337"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184983240","display_name":"Northeast Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02rkvz144","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184983240"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Cheechouyang Faichia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Natural Disaster Research, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Natural Disaster Research, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184983240"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026323097","display_name":"Bazel Al-Shaibah","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6267-2879"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184983240","display_name":"Northeast Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02rkvz144","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184983240"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bazel Al-Shaibah","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Natural Disaster Research, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Natural Disaster Research, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184983240"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087330140","display_name":"Biswajit Nath","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7598-0969"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I894293524","display_name":"University of Chittagong","ror":"https://ror.org/01173vs27","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I894293524"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Biswajit Nath","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Geography and Environmental Studies, University of Chittagong, Chittagong 4331, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I894293524"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5070643118","display_name":"Abdulla \u2010 Al Kafy","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7544-5165"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I17477748","display_name":"Rajshahi University of Engineering and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/049ysg747","country_code":"BD","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I17477748"]}],"countries":["BD"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Abdulla-Al Kafy","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology (RUET), Rajshahi 6204, Bangladesh","International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) South Asia, Rajshahi City Corporation, Rajshahi 6203, Bangladesh"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Urban and Regional Planning, Rajshahi University of Engineering & Technology (RUET), Rajshahi 6204, Bangladesh","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I17477748"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI) South Asia, Rajshahi City Corporation, Rajshahi 6203, Bangladesh","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5042028897","display_name":"Gao Hu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1000-5687"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I139660479","display_name":"Central South University","ror":"https://ror.org/00f1zfq44","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gao Hu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geosciences and Info-Physics, Central South University, Changsha 410083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023055903","display_name":"Ali R. Al-Aizari","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4190-771X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I184983240","display_name":"Northeast Normal University","ror":"https://ror.org/02rkvz144","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184983240"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ali Al-Aizari","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Natural Disaster Research, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Natural Disaster Research, School of Environment, Northeast Normal University, Changchun 130024, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I184983240"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":8,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5084932231"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I139660479"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":3.1474,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":45,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91826071,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"20","first_page":"4034","last_page":"4034"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9898999929428101,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-sprawl","display_name":"Urban sprawl","score":0.9054049253463745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thematic-mapper","display_name":"Thematic Mapper","score":0.6960955262184143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.6663659811019897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.6632943749427795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.5928137302398682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4913986921310425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use-land-use-change-and-forestry","display_name":"Land use, land-use change and forestry","score":0.4759390354156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-resource-management","display_name":"Environmental resource management","score":0.3951987028121948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.3754919767379761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-planning","display_name":"Environmental planning","score":0.3499409258365631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.34754639863967896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.3412550687789917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.289959192276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite-imagery","display_name":"Satellite imagery","score":0.275085985660553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.10144025087356567}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C487182","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192042","display_name":"Urban sprawl","level":3,"score":0.9054049253463745},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775938548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1565182","display_name":"Thematic Mapper","level":3,"score":0.6960955262184143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.6663659811019897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.6632943749427795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.5928137302398682},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4913986921310425},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C122690726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3348639","display_name":"Land use, land-use change and forestry","level":3,"score":0.4759390354156494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.3951987028121948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.3754919767379761},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91375879","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q15473274","display_name":"Environmental planning","level":1,"score":0.3499409258365631},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.34754639863967896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.3412550687789917},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.289959192276001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778102629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q725252","display_name":"Satellite imagery","level":2,"score":0.275085985660553},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.10144025087356567},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13204034","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13204034","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/20/4034/pdf?version=1634538748","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:1c94d285005442b8810b65077d1f71f6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/1c94d285005442b8810b65077d1f71f6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 20, p 4034 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/20/4034/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13204034","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 20; Pages: 4034","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13204034","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13204034","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/20/4034/pdf?version=1634538748","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320332183","display_name":"U.S. Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/035a68863"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3205171286.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3205171286.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":78,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W389826827","https://openalex.org/W401670233","https://openalex.org/W1480192403","https://openalex.org/W1481286747","https://openalex.org/W1512457009","https://openalex.org/W1562601998","https://openalex.org/W1946238955","https://openalex.org/W1979686772","https://openalex.org/W1985588649","https://openalex.org/W1987044199","https://openalex.org/W1999418735","https://openalex.org/W2000359797","https://openalex.org/W2012571825","https://openalex.org/W2014541565","https://openalex.org/W2017046847","https://openalex.org/W2018599801","https://openalex.org/W2022106816","https://openalex.org/W2024279222","https://openalex.org/W2025566726","https://openalex.org/W2027431366","https://openalex.org/W2040925913","https://openalex.org/W2048617735","https://openalex.org/W2054008322","https://openalex.org/W2061569531","https://openalex.org/W2089435686","https://openalex.org/W2102662878","https://openalex.org/W2110493987","https://openalex.org/W2123775670","https://openalex.org/W2126823416","https://openalex.org/W2131022626","https://openalex.org/W2133656308","https://openalex.org/W2137510361","https://openalex.org/W2139533943","https://openalex.org/W2178280949","https://openalex.org/W2197960552","https://openalex.org/W2248394489","https://openalex.org/W2470026204","https://openalex.org/W2501011189","https://openalex.org/W2522243046","https://openalex.org/W2559287988","https://openalex.org/W2563925329","https://openalex.org/W2587646474","https://openalex.org/W2592920976","https://openalex.org/W2607525600","https://openalex.org/W2610254470","https://openalex.org/W2884260323","https://openalex.org/W2885421691","https://openalex.org/W2912027341","https://openalex.org/W2928368587","https://openalex.org/W2932967189","https://openalex.org/W3007338089","https://openalex.org/W3012845775","https://openalex.org/W3014766031","https://openalex.org/W3015176885","https://openalex.org/W3022352016","https://openalex.org/W3023120202","https://openalex.org/W3042827439","https://openalex.org/W3048014971","https://openalex.org/W3088605040","https://openalex.org/W3093068544","https://openalex.org/W3112507912","https://openalex.org/W3149506652","https://openalex.org/W3164219731","https://openalex.org/W3173679036","https://openalex.org/W3174989590","https://openalex.org/W3176830573","https://openalex.org/W3187025755","https://openalex.org/W4229830429","https://openalex.org/W6645189259","https://openalex.org/W6646903581","https://openalex.org/W6660817883","https://openalex.org/W6666102031","https://openalex.org/W6676323210","https://openalex.org/W6687978389","https://openalex.org/W6720087375","https://openalex.org/W6736776952","https://openalex.org/W6776272827","https://openalex.org/W6780964470"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2542782471","https://openalex.org/W793076704","https://openalex.org/W835875619","https://openalex.org/W578695671","https://openalex.org/W2055025919","https://openalex.org/W2049828390","https://openalex.org/W2300406849","https://openalex.org/W2026795380","https://openalex.org/W2197651356","https://openalex.org/W1977135071"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,74,136,163,202,236,262],"global":[1],"and":[2,26,45,50,58,86,96,113,117,130,134,145,148,182,245,260,270,297],"regional":[3],"land":[4,35,41,68,142,147,169,204,220,254,286],"use/cover":[5,205],"changes":[6],"(LUCCs)":[7],"are":[8,37,62],"experiencing":[9,38],"widespread":[10],"changes,":[11],"particularly":[12],"in":[13,120,191,239,247,285,294],"Baghdad":[14,121,295],"City,":[15],"the":[16,53,103,115,159,188,192,218,256,279],"oldest":[17],"city":[18],"of":[19,52,55,63,105,108,156,194,282],"Iraq,":[20],"where":[21,180],"it":[22],"lacks":[23],"ecological":[24,292],"restoration":[25],"environmental":[27,300],"management":[28],"actions":[29],"at":[30],"present.":[31],"To":[32],"date,":[33],"multiple":[34,106],"uses":[36],"urban":[39,56,140,240,252,268,277],"construction-related":[40],"expansion,":[42],"population":[43,272],"increase,":[44],"socioeconomic":[46],"development.":[47,73],"Comprehensive":[48],"evaluation":[49],"understanding":[51],"effect":[54],"sprawl":[57,241],"its":[59],"rapid":[60,263],"LUCC":[61,125],"great":[64],"importance":[65],"to":[66,100,110,212,230,276],"managing":[67],"surface":[69],"resources":[70],"for":[71,177],"sustainable":[72,291],"present":[75],"research":[76],"applied":[77],"remote":[78],"sensing":[79],"data,":[80],"such":[81],"as":[82,173,187],"Landsat-5":[83],"Thematic":[84],"Mapper":[85],"Landsat-8":[87],"Operation":[88],"Land":[89],"Imager,":[90],"on":[91],"selected":[92,186],"images":[93],"between":[94,258],"July":[95],"August":[97],"from":[98,127,167,210,228,243,274],"1985":[99,229],"2020":[101,131,259],"with":[102,223,233,266],"use":[104,170,221],"types":[107],"software":[109],"explore,":[111],"classify,":[112],"analyze":[114],"historical":[116,124,244],"future":[118,178,203],"LUCCs":[119],"City.":[122],"Three":[123],"maps":[126],"1985,":[128],"2000,":[129],"were":[132,185],"created":[133],"analyzed.":[135],"result":[137],"shows":[138,250],"that":[139,215,251],"construction":[141,253],"expands":[143],"quickly,":[144],"agricultural":[146],"natural":[149,181],"vegetation":[150],"have":[151],"had":[152],"a":[153,174,224],"large":[154],"loss":[155],"coverage":[157],"during":[158],"last":[160],"35":[161],"years.":[162],"change":[164,175,206,238],"analysis":[165],"derived":[166,242],"previous":[168],"was":[171],"used":[172],"direction":[176],"simulation,":[179],"anthropogenic":[183],"factors":[184],"drivers\u2019":[189],"variables":[190],"process":[193],"multilayer":[195],"perceptron":[196],"neural":[197],"network":[198],"Markov":[199],"chain":[200],"model.":[201],"(FLUCC)":[207],"modeling":[208],"results":[209],"2030":[211],"2050":[213,231],"show":[214],"agriculture":[216],"is":[217,278],"only":[219],"type":[222],"massive":[225],"decreasing":[226],"trend":[227],"compared":[232],"other":[234],"categories.":[235],"entire":[237],"FLUCC":[246],"each":[248],"period":[249],"increases":[255],"fastest":[257],"2030.":[261],"urbanization":[264],"along":[265],"unplanned":[267],"growth":[269],"rising":[271],"migration":[273],"rural":[275],"main":[280],"driver":[281],"all":[283],"transformation":[284],"use.":[287],"These":[288],"findings":[289],"facilitate":[290],"development":[293],"City":[296],"theoretically":[298],"support":[299],"decision":[301],"making.":[302]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2021-10-25T00:00:00"}
