{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3199284457","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183728","title":"Pass-by-Pass Ambiguity Resolution in Single GPS Receiver PPP Using Observations for Two Sequential Days: An Exploratory Study","display_name":"Pass-by-Pass Ambiguity Resolution in Single GPS Receiver PPP Using Observations for Two Sequential Days: An Exploratory Study","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-09-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3199284457","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183728","mag":"3199284457"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183728","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183728","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3728/pdf?version=1632447806","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3728/pdf?version=1632447806","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013417183","display_name":"Ruijie Xi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8877-610X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN","GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ruijie Xi","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","Nottingham Geospatial Institute, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2TU, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nottingham Geospatial Institute, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2TU, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003507248","display_name":"Qusen Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0068-0141"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qusen Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101508917","display_name":"Xiaolin Meng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2440-8054"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120373","display_name":"Geospatial Research (United Kingdom)","ror":"https://ror.org/02qq5pa23","country_code":"GB","type":"company","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120373"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaolin Meng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Global Geospatial Engineering Ltd., Nottingham NG8 1NA, UK","The Sino-UK Geospatial Engineering Centre, Nottingham NG8 1NA, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Global Geospatial Engineering Ltd., Nottingham NG8 1NA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120373"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"The Sino-UK Geospatial Engineering Centre, Nottingham NG8 1NA, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120373"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065462530","display_name":"Panos Psimoulis","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9013-4317"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Panos Psimoulis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nottingham Geospatial Institute, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2TU, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nottingham Geospatial Institute, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2TU, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5019208828","display_name":"Weiping Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3267-9682"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Weiping Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5062396167","display_name":"Caijun Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3459-7824"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Caijun Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Geodesy and Geomatics, Wuhan University, 129 Luoyu Road, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5003507248"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":2.1895,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.92886471,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"18","first_page":"3728","last_page":"3728"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10655","display_name":"GNSS positioning and interference","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12004","display_name":"Advanced Frequency and Time Standards","score":0.9973000288009644,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10159","display_name":"Ionosphere and magnetosphere dynamics","score":0.9972000122070312,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ambiguity-resolution","display_name":"Ambiguity resolution","score":0.8120551705360413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precise-point-positioning","display_name":"Precise Point Positioning","score":0.7460782527923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geodesy","display_name":"Geodesy","score":0.660800039768219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.6154451966285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.6038601994514465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6017805337905884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.48372557759284973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orbit-determination","display_name":"Orbit determination","score":0.48280036449432373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.4611518681049347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3609805703163147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.28340625762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.17085465788841248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15294033288955688}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777559092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4741445","display_name":"Ambiguity resolution","level":4,"score":0.8120551705360413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202511199","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7239503","display_name":"Precise Point Positioning","level":4,"score":0.7460782527923584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C13280743","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131089","display_name":"Geodesy","level":1,"score":0.660800039768219},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.6154451966285706},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.6038601994514465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6017805337905884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.48372557759284973},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107768556","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q302660","display_name":"Orbit determination","level":3,"score":0.48280036449432373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.4611518681049347},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3609805703163147},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.28340625762939453},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.17085465788841248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15294033288955688},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1276947","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333","display_name":"Astronomy","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183728","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183728","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3728/pdf?version=1632447806","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3bedad3f56db4cecb5177e721a302565","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3bedad3f56db4cecb5177e721a302565","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 18, p 3728 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/18/3728/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13183728","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:nottingham-repository.worktribe.com:6350488","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/output/6350488","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402483","display_name":"Repository@Nottingham (University of Nottingham)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I142263535","host_organization_name":"University of Nottingham","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I142263535"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"publishedVersion"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13183728","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13183728","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/18/3728/pdf?version=1632447806","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1057712923","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019005","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1121271761","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Program","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1231421488","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"under","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2082826544","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Postdoctoral","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2181147462","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41525014","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3085993365","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"(Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G508251480","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFC1503601","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5576943113","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No. 41721003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5584697871","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"417210","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7174558747","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Group","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7708993893","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"42004017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7726157001","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Grant No.","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8012759843","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41525014 and 42004017","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8435871954","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41721003","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320320324","display_name":"University of Nottingham","ror":"https://ror.org/01ee9ar58"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326938","display_name":"State Key Laboratory of Information Engineering in Surveying, Mapping and Remote Sensing","ror":"https://ror.org/02bpap860"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3199284457.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3199284457.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":36,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W88995560","https://openalex.org/W1535176033","https://openalex.org/W1543240282","https://openalex.org/W1551269686","https://openalex.org/W1970106276","https://openalex.org/W1975201290","https://openalex.org/W1984984876","https://openalex.org/W1987518235","https://openalex.org/W1997097032","https://openalex.org/W2002339228","https://openalex.org/W2006994804","https://openalex.org/W2030492481","https://openalex.org/W2038036365","https://openalex.org/W2045989154","https://openalex.org/W2071908500","https://openalex.org/W2088352625","https://openalex.org/W2091247042","https://openalex.org/W2094529703","https://openalex.org/W2096117387","https://openalex.org/W2134691634","https://openalex.org/W2163101986","https://openalex.org/W2163150820","https://openalex.org/W2165421589","https://openalex.org/W2770280028","https://openalex.org/W2789364293","https://openalex.org/W2803219558","https://openalex.org/W2807895293","https://openalex.org/W2963060769","https://openalex.org/W2990979465","https://openalex.org/W3129716910","https://openalex.org/W3142290088","https://openalex.org/W3197322771","https://openalex.org/W4240109574","https://openalex.org/W6632175673","https://openalex.org/W6637227662","https://openalex.org/W6801027599"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3084744931","https://openalex.org/W2902549258","https://openalex.org/W2968867052","https://openalex.org/W2797713408","https://openalex.org/W4220774937","https://openalex.org/W4306248906","https://openalex.org/W4385199229","https://openalex.org/W3206199341","https://openalex.org/W4306291904","https://openalex.org/W3163354205"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"\u201cPass-by-pass\u201d":[0],"or":[1],"\u201ctrack-to-track\u201d":[2],"ambiguity":[3,53,59,215,233],"resolution":[4,54],"removes":[5],"Global":[6,71],"Navigation":[7],"Satellite":[8],"System":[9,73],"(GNSS)":[10],"satellite":[11],"hardware":[12],"delays":[13],"between":[14],"adjacent":[15,63],"undifferenced":[16,58],"(UD)":[17],"ambiguities,":[18],"which":[19],"is":[20,189,201],"often":[21],"applied":[22],"in":[23,65,180,193,252],"precise":[24],"orbit":[25],"determination":[26],"(POD)":[27],"for":[28,61,68,113],"Low":[29],"Earth":[30],"Orbit":[31],"(LEO)":[32],"satellites":[33],"to":[34,49,119,151,211,237],"improve":[35],"the":[36,51,57,82,110,135,164,169,175,194,204,226,255],"accuracy":[37,207],"of":[38,91,127,138,153,163,229],"orbits.":[39],"In":[40],"this":[41],"study,":[42],"we":[43,96],"carried":[44],"out":[45],"an":[46],"exploratory":[47],"study":[48],"use":[50],"\u201cpass-by-pass\u201d":[52,111],"by":[55,109,248],"differencing":[56],"candidates":[60],"two":[62],"passes":[64],"sidereal":[66],"days":[67],"a":[69,218],"single":[70],"Positioning":[72,79],"(GPS)":[74],"receiver":[75],"static":[76],"Precise":[77],"Point":[78],"(PPP).":[80],"Using":[81],"GPS":[83,93],"observations":[84],"from":[85],"132":[86],"globally":[87],"distributed":[88],"reference":[89],"stations":[90,115],"International":[92],"Service":[94],"(IGS),":[95],"find":[97],"that":[98,174,203,225],"99.08%":[99],"wide-lane":[100],"(WL)":[101],"and":[102,146,182,188,231,239],"97.83%":[103],"narrow-lane":[104],"(NL)":[105],"double-difference":[106],"ambiguities":[107,154],"formed":[108],"method":[112],"all":[114],"can":[116,155,209,234],"be":[117,156,235],"fixed":[118,157],"their":[120],"nearest":[121],"integers":[122],"within":[123],"absolute":[124],"fractional":[125],"residuals":[126],"0.2":[128],"cycles.":[129],"These":[130],"proportions":[131],"are":[132,185,250],"higher":[133,240],"than":[134,241],"corresponding":[136],"values":[137],"network":[139],"solution":[140],"with":[141,144,168,254],"multiple":[142],"receivers":[143],"97.39%":[145],"91.20%,":[147],"respectively.":[148,243],"About":[149],"97%":[150],"98%":[152],"finally":[158],"on":[159],"average.":[160],"The":[161,244],"comparison":[162],"estimated":[165],"station":[166],"coordinates":[167],"IGS":[170],"weekly":[171],"solutions":[172],"reveals":[173],"Root":[176],"Mean":[177],"Square":[178],"(RMS)":[179],"East":[181],"North":[183],"directions":[184],"2-4":[186],"mm":[187,192],"about":[190,212],"6":[191],"Up":[195],"direction.":[196],"For":[197],"hourly":[198],"data,":[199],"it":[200,223],"found":[202],"mean":[205],"positioning":[206],"improvement":[208],"achieve":[210],"10%":[213],"after":[214],"resolution.":[216],"From":[217],"dam":[219],"deformation":[220],"monitoring":[221],"application,":[222],"shows":[224],"fixing":[227],"rate":[228],"WL":[230],"NL":[232],"closed":[236],"100%":[238],"90%,":[242],"time":[245],"series":[246],"generated":[247],"PPP":[249],"also":[251],"agreement":[253],"short":[256],"baseline":[257],"solutions.":[258]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-19T08:26:33.389920","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
