{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3195353168","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163221","title":"Using Multisource Satellite Data to Investigate Lake Area, Water Level, and Water Storage Changes of Terminal Lakes in Ungauged Regions","display_name":"Using Multisource Satellite Data to Investigate Lake Area, Water Level, and Water Storage Changes of Terminal Lakes in Ungauged Regions","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-13","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3195353168","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163221","mag":"3195353168"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13163221","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163221","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/16/3221/pdf?version=1629280648","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/16/3221/pdf?version=1629280648","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057544890","display_name":"Chuanhui Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6402-0607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44445938","display_name":"Shandong Jianzhu University","ror":"https://ror.org/01gbfax37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44445938"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuanhui Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China","Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44445938"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022214484","display_name":"Aifeng Lv","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210165038","display_name":"University of Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/05qbk4x57","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aifeng Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["International College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International College, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210165038"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100643382","display_name":"Wenbin Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1916-8009"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Wenbin Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032045601","display_name":"Guobiao Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6305-4514"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I44445938","display_name":"Shandong Jianzhu University","ror":"https://ror.org/01gbfax37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I44445938"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guobiao Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Surveying and Geo-Informatics, Shandong Jianzhu University, Jinan 250101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I44445938"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112676883","display_name":"Shanshan Qi","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210160793","display_name":"Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research","ror":"https://ror.org/04t1cdb72","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shanshan Qi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Related Land Surface Processes, Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, CAS, Beijing 100101, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5022214484"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210160793","https://openalex.org/I4210165038"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.4647,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":19,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.81062517,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"16","first_page":"3221","last_page":"3221"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10930","display_name":"Flood Risk Assessment and Management","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10330","display_name":"Hydrology and Watershed Management Studies","score":0.9969000220298767,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2312","display_name":"Water Science and Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11186","display_name":"Hydrology and Drought Analysis","score":0.9782999753952026,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-level","display_name":"Water level","score":0.6516681909561157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6316746473312378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-storage","display_name":"Water storage","score":0.587262749671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/satellite","display_name":"Satellite","score":0.5389282703399658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-elevation-model","display_name":"Digital elevation model","score":0.49381622672080994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hydrology","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","score":0.48677778244018555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-basin","display_name":"Structural basin","score":0.46456778049468994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climate-change","display_name":"Climate change","score":0.4628315269947052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-resources","display_name":"Water resources","score":0.45372724533081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/water-cycle","display_name":"Water cycle","score":0.44007208943367004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/arid","display_name":"Arid","score":0.4378650486469269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.3685321807861328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.36512988805770874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.29575225710868835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.1284627616405487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/oceanography","display_name":"Oceanography","score":0.12632405757904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cartography","display_name":"Cartography","score":0.11628648638725281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geomorphology","display_name":"Geomorphology","score":0.08316978812217712}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C1284942","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1929501","display_name":"Water level","level":2,"score":0.6516681909561157},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6316746473312378},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776182401","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7973769","display_name":"Water storage","level":3,"score":0.587262749671936},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C19269812","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26540","display_name":"Satellite","level":2,"score":0.5389282703399658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181843262","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q640492","display_name":"Digital elevation model","level":2,"score":0.49381622672080994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76886044","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2883300","display_name":"Hydrology (agriculture)","level":2,"score":0.48677778244018555},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109007969","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q749565","display_name":"Structural basin","level":2,"score":0.46456778049468994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132651083","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7942","display_name":"Climate change","level":2,"score":0.4628315269947052},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153823671","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1049799","display_name":"Water resources","level":2,"score":0.45372724533081055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C133830359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q81041","display_name":"Water cycle","level":2,"score":0.44007208943367004},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C150772632","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1330709","display_name":"Arid","level":2,"score":0.4378650486469269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.3685321807861328},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.36512988805770874},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.29575225710868835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.1284627616405487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111368507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43518","display_name":"Oceanography","level":1,"score":0.12632405757904053},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C58640448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q42515","display_name":"Cartography","level":1,"score":0.11628648638725281},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C114793014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52109","display_name":"Geomorphology","level":1,"score":0.08316978812217712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201289731","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1172599","display_name":"Inlet","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187320778","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1349130","display_name":"Geotechnical engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13163221","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163221","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/16/3221/pdf?version=1629280648","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:f05758eea0754e7d9f403397bc9a8c6f","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/f05758eea0754e7d9f403397bc9a8c6f","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 16, p 3221 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/16/3221/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13163221","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 16; Pages: 3221","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13163221","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13163221","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/16/3221/pdf?version=1629280648","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.6899999976158142,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/6","display_name":"Clean water and sanitation"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5990206324","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019-SF-A4-1","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327085","funder_display_name":"Qinghai Provincial Department of Science and Technology"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7103146113","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2019-ZJ-7020","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335921","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Qinghai"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8707484810","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41671026","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320327085","display_name":"Qinghai Provincial Department of Science and Technology","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335921","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Qinghai","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195353168.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195353168.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":62,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W140181375","https://openalex.org/W1854511054","https://openalex.org/W1887042299","https://openalex.org/W1961461167","https://openalex.org/W1966808625","https://openalex.org/W1970269224","https://openalex.org/W1978617972","https://openalex.org/W2009619252","https://openalex.org/W2011714341","https://openalex.org/W2014685194","https://openalex.org/W2015928143","https://openalex.org/W2033872649","https://openalex.org/W2056356839","https://openalex.org/W2085793179","https://openalex.org/W2089874131","https://openalex.org/W2146661895","https://openalex.org/W2171910332","https://openalex.org/W2173562516","https://openalex.org/W2184969750","https://openalex.org/W2203714058","https://openalex.org/W2208198711","https://openalex.org/W2314562860","https://openalex.org/W2316667076","https://openalex.org/W2552954772","https://openalex.org/W2560167313","https://openalex.org/W2565763332","https://openalex.org/W2568967893","https://openalex.org/W2578593690","https://openalex.org/W2762395702","https://openalex.org/W2767279551","https://openalex.org/W2784776647","https://openalex.org/W2791589913","https://openalex.org/W2792723426","https://openalex.org/W2883703639","https://openalex.org/W2889872386","https://openalex.org/W2904182157","https://openalex.org/W2908891240","https://openalex.org/W2908939395","https://openalex.org/W2909143571","https://openalex.org/W2965543054","https://openalex.org/W2969709240","https://openalex.org/W2989933183","https://openalex.org/W3020891877","https://openalex.org/W3023292709","https://openalex.org/W3026427729","https://openalex.org/W3027637893","https://openalex.org/W3037137305","https://openalex.org/W3080498825","https://openalex.org/W3081967717","https://openalex.org/W3087545035","https://openalex.org/W3107854345","https://openalex.org/W3109965812","https://openalex.org/W3111649965","https://openalex.org/W3119637240","https://openalex.org/W3123421154","https://openalex.org/W3129539041","https://openalex.org/W3130460042","https://openalex.org/W3136146687","https://openalex.org/W3139176731","https://openalex.org/W3151765578","https://openalex.org/W3177847003","https://openalex.org/W6686503361"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1975093569","https://openalex.org/W4244026268","https://openalex.org/W2346074228","https://openalex.org/W4390264068","https://openalex.org/W2007282468","https://openalex.org/W2027047186","https://openalex.org/W4395106228","https://openalex.org/W2376854837","https://openalex.org/W2032400172","https://openalex.org/W2354447097"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Lake":[0,264],"area,":[1,221,286],"water":[2,5,15,121,142,176,199,222,225,259,287,290],"level,":[3,223,288],"and":[4,18,36,85,97,108,156,168,190,202,224,241,289],"storage":[6,200,226,260,291],"changes":[7,309],"of":[8,77,230,238,292],"terminal":[9,55,295],"lakes":[10],"are":[11],"vital":[12],"for":[13,19,72,88,178],"regional":[14],"resource":[16],"management":[17],"understanding":[20],"local":[21],"hydrological":[22],"processes.":[23],"Nevertheless,":[24],"due":[25],"to":[26,34,63,132,159,166,173,195,306],"the":[27,47,58,64,73,101,125,135,140,161,171,175,179,185,191,197,204,220,228,231,236,248,262,266,281,285],"complex":[28],"geographical":[29],"conditions,":[30],"it":[31],"is":[32,70],"difficult":[33],"investigate":[35],"analyze":[37],"this":[38],"change":[39,218,240],"in":[40,57,144,219,247,258,261,284,310],"ungauged":[41,311],"regions.":[42],"This":[43],"study":[44],"focuses":[45],"on":[46,124,244],"ungauged,":[48],"semi-arid":[49],"Gahai":[50,263],"Lake,":[51],"a":[52,255,293],"typical":[53],"small":[54,294],"lake":[56,91,141,296,308],"Qaidam":[59],"Basin.":[60],"In":[61,147],"addition":[62],"scant":[65],"observed":[66],"data,":[67],"satellite":[68,274],"altimetry":[69],"scarce":[71],"excessively":[74],"large":[75],"fraction":[76],"outlier":[78],"points.":[79],"Here,":[80],"we":[81,112,149,169,183,279],"proposed":[82],"an":[83,114,216,303],"effective":[84,304],"simple":[86],"algorithm":[87],"extracting":[89],"available":[90],"elevation":[92],"points":[93],"from":[94,104,164],"CryoSat-2,":[95],"ICESat-2":[96],"Sentinel-3.":[98],"Combining":[99],"with":[100],"area":[102,119,162],"data":[103,163,275],"Landsat,":[105],"Gaofen":[106],"(GF),":[107],"Ziyuan":[109],"(ZY)":[110],"satellites,":[111],"built":[113],"optimal":[115],"hypsographic":[116],"curve":[117,136,172],"(lake":[118],"versus":[120],"level)":[122],"based":[123],"existing":[126],"short-term":[127],"data.":[128],"Cross-validation":[129],"was":[130],"used":[131,150],"validate":[133],"whether":[134],"accurately":[137],"could":[138],"predict":[139],"level":[143,177],"other":[145],"periods.":[146],"addition,":[148],"multisource":[151,273],"high-resolution":[152],"images":[153],"including":[154],"Landsat":[155],"digital":[157],"maps":[158],"extract":[160],"1975":[165],"2020,":[167],"applied":[170],"estimate":[174,196],"corresponding":[180],"period.":[181],"Additionally,":[182],"adopted":[184],"pyramidal":[186],"frustum":[187],"model":[188,193],"(PFM)":[189],"integral":[192],"(IM)":[194],"long-term":[198,282],"changes,":[201],"analyzed":[203],"differences":[205],"between":[206],"these":[207],"two":[208],"models.":[209],"We":[210,269],"found":[211],"that":[212],"there":[213],"has":[214],"been":[215],"obvious":[217],"since":[227],"beginning":[229],"21st":[232],"century,":[233],"which":[234,300],"reflects":[235],"impact":[237],"climate":[239],"human":[242],"activities":[243,252],"hydrologic":[245],"processes":[246],"basin.":[249],"Importantly,":[250],"agricultural":[251],"have":[253],"caused":[254],"rapid":[256],"increase":[257],"over":[265],"past":[267],"decade.":[268],"collected":[270],"as":[271,276],"much":[272],"possible;":[277],"thus,":[278],"estimated":[280],"variations":[283],"combining":[297],"multiple":[298],"models,":[299],"can":[301],"provide":[302],"method":[305],"monitor":[307],"basins.":[312]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-04-07T14:57:38.498316","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}