{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3169604919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112123","title":"Detection of Banana Plants Using Multi-Temporal Multispectral UAV Imagery","display_name":"Detection of Banana Plants Using Multi-Temporal Multispectral UAV Imagery","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-05-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3169604919","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112123","mag":"3169604919"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13112123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112123","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/11/2123/pdf?version=1623057286","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/11/2123/pdf?version=1623057286","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078041775","display_name":"Aaron Aeberli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"The University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90745801","display_name":"University of New England","ror":"https://ror.org/04r659a56","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90745801"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Aaron Aeberli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Agricultural Remote Sensing Centre, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia","Remote Sensing Research Centre, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Agricultural Remote Sensing Centre, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90745801"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Research Centre, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089152837","display_name":"Kasper Johansen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1889-9336"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01q3tbs38","country_code":"SA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}],"countries":["SA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kasper Johansen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hydrology, Agricultural and Land Observation, Water Desalination and Reuse Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hydrology, Agricultural and Land Observation, Water Desalination and Reuse Center, King Abdullah University of Science and Technology, Thuwal 23955-6900, Saudi Arabia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053826776","display_name":"Andrew Robson","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5762-8980"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90745801","display_name":"University of New England","ror":"https://ror.org/04r659a56","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90745801"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Andrew Robson","raw_affiliation_strings":["Applied Agricultural Remote Sensing Centre, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Applied Agricultural Remote Sensing Centre, School of Science and Technology, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90745801"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065746163","display_name":"David Lamb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2917-2231"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90745801","display_name":"University of New England","ror":"https://ror.org/04r659a56","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90745801"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"David W. Lamb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Food Agility Cooperative Research Centre Ltd., 81 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia","Precision Agriculture Research Group, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Food Agility Cooperative Research Centre Ltd., 81 Broadway, Ultimo, NSW 2007, Australia","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Precision Agriculture Research Group, University of New England, Armidale, NSW 2351, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90745801"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004573971","display_name":"Stuart Phinn","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2605-6104"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I165143802","display_name":"The University of Queensland","ror":"https://ror.org/00rqy9422","country_code":"AU","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}],"countries":["AU"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Stuart Phinn","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Research Centre, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Research Centre, School of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Queensland, St Lucia, QLD 4072, Australia","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5078041775"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I165143802","https://openalex.org/I90745801"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":7.3121,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":41,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.96816944,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"11","first_page":"2123","last_page":"2123"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10616","display_name":"Smart Agriculture and AI","score":0.9975000023841858,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1110","display_name":"Plant Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9973999857902527,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11164","display_name":"Remote Sensing and LiDAR Applications","score":0.9940000176429749,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/precision-agriculture","display_name":"Precision agriculture","score":0.7356557250022888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/multispectral-image","display_name":"Multispectral image","score":0.6091797947883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5837600827217102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/convolutional-neural-network","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","score":0.5092605352401733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.5005533695220947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthophoto","display_name":"Orthophoto","score":0.41084030270576477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-engineering","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","score":0.3595721125602722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.35096994042396545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.33650821447372437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.29903942346572876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.11448022723197937}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120217122","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q740083","display_name":"Precision agriculture","level":3,"score":0.7356557250022888},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173163844","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1761440","display_name":"Multispectral image","level":2,"score":0.6091797947883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5837600827217102},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81363708","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17084460","display_name":"Convolutional neural network","level":2,"score":0.5092605352401733},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.5005533695220947},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82789328","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q922585","display_name":"Orthophoto","level":2,"score":0.41084030270576477},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88463610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","level":1,"score":0.3595721125602722},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.35096994042396545},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.33650821447372437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.29903942346572876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.11448022723197937},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13112123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112123","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/11/2123/pdf?version=1623057286","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:rune.une.edu.au:1959.11/31942","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/1959.11/31942","pdf_url":"https://rune.une.edu.au/web/retrieve/94db68e7-4457-4203-970c-7e39459c185d","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S7407055448","display_name":"RUNE (Research UNE)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"Journal Article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:861dafc5f0374dfca28c156f540929d8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/861dafc5f0374dfca28c156f540929d8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 11, p 2123 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/11/2123/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13112123","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repository.kaust.edu.sa:10754/669571","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10754/669571","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401596","display_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology Repository (King Abdullah University of Science and Technology)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I71920554","host_organization_name":"King Abdullah University of Science and Technology","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I71920554"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":"Article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13112123","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13112123","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/11/2123/pdf?version=1623057286","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7799999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2","display_name":"Zero hunger"}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320315885","display_name":"Australian Government","ror":"https://ror.org/0314h5y94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3169604919.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3169604919.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":68,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1235628131","https://openalex.org/W1521453471","https://openalex.org/W1559528524","https://openalex.org/W1977821472","https://openalex.org/W1978459156","https://openalex.org/W1986072339","https://openalex.org/W1989206840","https://openalex.org/W1990503995","https://openalex.org/W1995382680","https://openalex.org/W2009731464","https://openalex.org/W2025782027","https://openalex.org/W2036003376","https://openalex.org/W2038174411","https://openalex.org/W2058962516","https://openalex.org/W2060647962","https://openalex.org/W2061274743","https://openalex.org/W2063623478","https://openalex.org/W2069267285","https://openalex.org/W2070286545","https://openalex.org/W2088304553","https://openalex.org/W2094677081","https://openalex.org/W2103959917","https://openalex.org/W2120225005","https://openalex.org/W2121672640","https://openalex.org/W2139303505","https://openalex.org/W2139387700","https://openalex.org/W2144158466","https://openalex.org/W2151843154","https://openalex.org/W2152642833","https://openalex.org/W2165868057","https://openalex.org/W2288889483","https://openalex.org/W2325081810","https://openalex.org/W2555585208","https://openalex.org/W2579650530","https://openalex.org/W2591729793","https://openalex.org/W2760221416","https://openalex.org/W2801837235","https://openalex.org/W2805142011","https://openalex.org/W2809918877","https://openalex.org/W2810270273","https://openalex.org/W2811447860","https://openalex.org/W2893241181","https://openalex.org/W2895884120","https://openalex.org/W2901867974","https://openalex.org/W2904027073","https://openalex.org/W2906116753","https://openalex.org/W2906300491","https://openalex.org/W2910121883","https://openalex.org/W2919115771","https://openalex.org/W2940726923","https://openalex.org/W2953535370","https://openalex.org/W2959982428","https://openalex.org/W2980522727","https://openalex.org/W2983376237","https://openalex.org/W3006844995","https://openalex.org/W3011943558","https://openalex.org/W3026073104","https://openalex.org/W3026254524","https://openalex.org/W3080760596","https://openalex.org/W3087613434","https://openalex.org/W3087659356","https://openalex.org/W3091879375","https://openalex.org/W3100321043","https://openalex.org/W3124777458","https://openalex.org/W3125107568","https://openalex.org/W6631250973","https://openalex.org/W6636950212","https://openalex.org/W6774298292"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1986643118","https://openalex.org/W2382920002","https://openalex.org/W1551473783","https://openalex.org/W2912977869","https://openalex.org/W2170509036","https://openalex.org/W3195856620","https://openalex.org/W2622264455","https://openalex.org/W3209610942","https://openalex.org/W2995581643","https://openalex.org/W4385467343"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Unoccupied":[0],"aerial":[1],"vehicles":[2],"(UAVs)":[3],"have":[4,77],"become":[5],"increasingly":[6],"commonplace":[7],"in":[8,14,54,135],"aiding":[9],"planning":[10],"and":[11,16,32,44,52,57,85,129,165,176,181,196,212,218],"management":[12],"decisions":[13],"agricultural":[15,205],"horticultural":[17],"crop":[18,197],"production.":[19],"The":[20,99,149,185],"ability":[21],"of":[22,39,96,101,109,118],"UAV-based":[23,191],"sensing":[24],"technologies":[25],"to":[26,70,86,105,207,213],"provide":[27,46,187],"high":[28],"spatial":[29],"(&lt;1":[30],"m)":[31],"temporal":[33],"(on-demand)":[34],"resolution":[35],"data":[36,80,113],"facilitates":[37],"monitoring":[38],"individual":[40,119,192],"plants":[41,68,120],"over":[42],"time":[43],"can":[45],"essential":[47],"information":[48],"about":[49],"health,":[50,209],"yield,":[51,211],"growth":[53,73],"a":[55,136,188],"timely":[56],"quantifiable":[58],"manner.":[59],"Such":[60],"applications":[61,206],"would":[62],"be":[63,201],"beneficial":[64],"for":[65,81,114,190,203,222],"cropped":[66],"banana":[67,83,97,193],"due":[69],"their":[71],"distinctive":[72],"characteristics.":[74],"Limited":[75],"studies":[76],"employed":[78],"UAV":[79],"mapping":[82],"crops":[84],"our":[87],"knowledge":[88],"only":[89],"one":[90],"other":[91,219],"investigation":[92],"features":[93],"multi-temporal":[94],"detection":[95,117,158],"crowns.":[98],"purpose":[100],"this":[102],"study":[103],"was":[104],"determine":[106],"the":[107,115,155,161],"suitability":[108],"multiple-date":[110],"UAV-captured":[111],"multi-spectral":[112],"automated":[116],"using":[121],"convolutional":[122],"neural":[123],"network":[124],"(CNN),":[125],"template":[126],"matching":[127],"(TM),":[128],"local":[130],"maximum":[131],"filter":[132],"(LMF)":[133],"methods":[134],"geographic":[137],"object-based":[138],"image":[139],"analysis":[140],"(GEOBIA)":[141],"software":[142],"framework":[143],"coupled":[144],"with":[145,160],"basic":[146],"classification":[147],"refinement.":[148],"results":[150],"indicate":[151],"that":[152],"CNN":[153],"returns":[154],"highest":[156],"plant":[157,194],"accuracies,":[159],"developed":[162],"rule":[163],"set":[164],"model":[166],"providing":[167],"greater":[168],"transferability":[169],"between":[170,174],"dates":[171],"(F-score":[172],"ranging":[173],"0.93":[175],"0.85)":[177],"than":[178],"TM":[179],"(0.86\u20130.74)":[180],"LMF":[182],"(0.86\u20130.73)":[183],"approaches.":[184],"findings":[186],"foundation":[189],"counting":[195],"monitoring,":[198],"which":[199],"may":[200],"used":[202],"precision":[204],"monitor":[208],"estimate":[210],"inform":[214],"on":[215],"fertilizer,":[216],"pesticide,":[217],"input":[220],"requirements":[221],"optimized":[223],"farm":[224],"management.":[225]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-04T16:13:02.066488","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
