{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3143275032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13071228","title":"Enhancement of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Activity Caused by the Urban Effect: A Case Study in the Beijing Metropolitan Area","display_name":"Enhancement of Cloud-to-Ground Lightning Activity Caused by the Urban Effect: A Case Study in the Beijing Metropolitan Area","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-24","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3143275032","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13071228","mag":"3143275032"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13071228","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13071228","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/7/1228/pdf?version=1616597009","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/7/1228/pdf?version=1616597009","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101845863","display_name":"Yongping Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8219-7748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongping Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Lightning Risk Prevention for Power Grids, Wuhan 430074, China","School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China","State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China","Wuhan NARI Co., Ltd. of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Lightning Risk Prevention for Power Grids, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan NARI Co., Ltd. of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101845863","display_name":"Yongping Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8219-7748"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yongping Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Lightning Risk Prevention for Power Grids, Wuhan 430074, China","School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China","State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China","Wuhan NARI Co., Ltd. of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Lightning Risk Prevention for Power Grids, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan NARI Co., Ltd. of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5057699575","display_name":"Gaopeng Lu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4523-0144"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Gaopeng Lu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023596987","display_name":"Tao Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0957-6551"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tao Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032990372","display_name":"Ming Ma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2060-2266"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ming Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044231135","display_name":"Baoyou Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2993-1581"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152758","display_name":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/0424h4e32","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Baoyou Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China","Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152758","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5088103067","display_name":"Dongxia Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8712-2219"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I19820366","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Sciences","ror":"https://ror.org/034t30j35","country_code":"CN","type":"government","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152758","display_name":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics","ror":"https://ror.org/0424h4e32","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210152758"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dongxia Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100000, China","School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Atmospheric Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152758","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5018498689","display_name":"Changzhi Peng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7173-2685"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Changzhi Peng","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China","Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Lightning Risk Prevention for Power Grids, Wuhan 430074, China","Wuhan NARI Co., Ltd. of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China","State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electrical Engineering and Automation, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Lightning Risk Prevention for Power Grids, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan NARI Co., Ltd. of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5501-2725"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Yu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Lightning Risk Prevention for Power Grids, Wuhan 430074, China","School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China","State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China","Wuhan NARI Co., Ltd. of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Lightning Risk Prevention for Power Grids, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan NARI Co., Ltd. of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Yu Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5501-2725"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I126520041","display_name":"University of Science and Technology of China","ror":"https://ror.org/04c4dkn09","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I126520041","https://openalex.org/I19820366"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Lightning Risk Prevention for Power Grids, Wuhan 430074, China","School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China","State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China","Wuhan NARI Co., Ltd. of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Lightning Risk Prevention for Power Grids, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Earth and Space Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei 230000, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Wuhan NARI Co., Ltd. of State Grid Electric Power Research Institute, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101845863"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I126520041"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":1.804,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":18,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84046606,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"7","first_page":"1228","last_page":"1228"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10555","display_name":"Fire effects on ecosystems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10555","display_name":"Fire effects on ecosystems","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10787","display_name":"Lightning and Electromagnetic Phenomena","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3103","display_name":"Astronomy and Astrophysics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10347","display_name":"Atmospheric aerosols and clouds","score":0.9937999844551086,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beijing","display_name":"Beijing","score":0.8482877016067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thunderstorm","display_name":"Thunderstorm","score":0.7243579626083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lightning","display_name":"Lightning (connector)","score":0.7178453207015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.6569722890853882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/downtown","display_name":"Downtown","score":0.6563631892204285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.5812389850616455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/lightning-detection","display_name":"Lightning detection","score":0.5736879706382751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/metropolitan-area","display_name":"Metropolitan area","score":0.5537930130958557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diurnal-temperature-variation","display_name":"Diurnal temperature variation","score":0.4127086102962494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.35839056968688965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.35780900716781616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.24559286236763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.1637994945049286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.05649331212043762}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778304055","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q657474","display_name":"Beijing","level":3,"score":0.8482877016067505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80316258","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2857578","display_name":"Thunderstorm","level":2,"score":0.7243579626083374},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C69398868","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q129052","display_name":"Lightning (connector)","level":3,"score":0.7178453207015991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.6569722890853882},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776556313","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1050303","display_name":"Downtown","level":2,"score":0.6563631892204285},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.5812389850616455},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780500098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3050846","display_name":"Lightning detection","level":3,"score":0.5736879706382751},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158739034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1907114","display_name":"Metropolitan area","level":2,"score":0.5537930130958557},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C167678106","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5283759","display_name":"Diurnal temperature variation","level":2,"score":0.4127086102962494},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.35839056968688965},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.35780900716781616},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.24559286236763},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.1637994945049286},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.05649331212043762},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13071228","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13071228","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/7/1228/pdf?version=1616597009","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:65aa1a3e9e274f63bf21b33fb4b7507a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/65aa1a3e9e274f63bf21b33fb4b7507a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 7, p 1228 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/7/1228/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13071228","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13071228","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13071228","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/7/1228/pdf?version=1616597009","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","score":0.8600000143051147,"display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6876548624","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2017YFC1501501","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","funder_display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6999382887","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41875006, U1938115","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3143275032.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3143275032.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":55,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1508776603","https://openalex.org/W1588551240","https://openalex.org/W1614117239","https://openalex.org/W1928082558","https://openalex.org/W1965258057","https://openalex.org/W1966765575","https://openalex.org/W1969125927","https://openalex.org/W1975214027","https://openalex.org/W1977539353","https://openalex.org/W1989798762","https://openalex.org/W1989850830","https://openalex.org/W1991671330","https://openalex.org/W1993122712","https://openalex.org/W2004730886","https://openalex.org/W2008568462","https://openalex.org/W2011059993","https://openalex.org/W2012687757","https://openalex.org/W2019289496","https://openalex.org/W2019842482","https://openalex.org/W2025023261","https://openalex.org/W2031675844","https://openalex.org/W2039848571","https://openalex.org/W2044148917","https://openalex.org/W2046656941","https://openalex.org/W2046779413","https://openalex.org/W2060220274","https://openalex.org/W2063473488","https://openalex.org/W2063834440","https://openalex.org/W2064700497","https://openalex.org/W2067081780","https://openalex.org/W2067354966","https://openalex.org/W2078757045","https://openalex.org/W2079662098","https://openalex.org/W2119216702","https://openalex.org/W2137663892","https://openalex.org/W2138886197","https://openalex.org/W2143566810","https://openalex.org/W2163719527","https://openalex.org/W2168667349","https://openalex.org/W2173205529","https://openalex.org/W2174152704","https://openalex.org/W2174836573","https://openalex.org/W2175631477","https://openalex.org/W2176465554","https://openalex.org/W2176719471","https://openalex.org/W2179088243","https://openalex.org/W2181178772","https://openalex.org/W2288020646","https://openalex.org/W2293361142","https://openalex.org/W2313040768","https://openalex.org/W2344023093","https://openalex.org/W2405529222","https://openalex.org/W2891073805","https://openalex.org/W4205183495","https://openalex.org/W6666146140"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2071010365","https://openalex.org/W3006199805","https://openalex.org/W4310829822","https://openalex.org/W2379997514","https://openalex.org/W2908563250","https://openalex.org/W2491255875","https://openalex.org/W2981373137","https://openalex.org/W806495504","https://openalex.org/W2155600564","https://openalex.org/W3171614835"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"investigate":[1],"the":[2,20,31,36,50,59,70,73,78,92,122,128,152,167,178,189,197,200,228],"possible":[3],"impact":[4],"of":[5,39,52,62,106,121,133,143,154,169,188,199,202,230],"urban":[6],"development":[7],"on":[8,166],"lightning":[9,16,33,134,180],"activity,":[10],"an":[11,186],"eight-year":[12],"(2010\u20132017)":[13],"cloud-to-ground":[14],"(CG)":[15],"dataset":[17],"provided":[18],"by":[19,83],"National-Wide":[21],"Lightning":[22],"Detection":[23],"Network":[24],"in":[25,35,77,91,127,172,192],"China":[26],"was":[27,81],"analyzed":[28],"to":[29,149,161],"characterize":[30],"CG":[32,45,74,87,99,108,125,144,155,216],"activity":[34,135,181],"metropolitan":[37],"area":[38,48,61,80],"Beijing.":[40],"There":[41],"is":[42,64,115,158,175,182,208],"a":[43,209],"high":[44],"flash":[46,75,217],"density":[47,76],"over":[49],"downtown":[51,79,93],"Beijing,":[53,173],"but":[54],"different":[55],"from":[56,147,159],"previous":[57],"studies,":[58],"downwind":[60],"Beijing":[63,129],"not":[65],"significantly":[66],"enhanced.":[67],"Compared":[68],"with":[69,110,137],"upwind":[71],"area,":[72,96],"enhanced":[82],"about":[84],"50%.":[85],"Negative":[86],"flashes":[88,100,109,126,145],"mainly":[89,183],"occurred":[90,146],"and":[94,139,151,215],"industrial":[95],"while":[97],"positive":[98,107],"were":[101],"distributed":[102],"evenly.":[103],"The":[104,131],"percentage":[105],"Ipeak":[111],"\u2265":[112],"75":[113],"kA":[114],"more":[116],"than":[117,196],"six":[118],"times":[119],"that":[120,177,221],"corresponding":[123],"negative":[124],"area.":[130],"enhancement":[132,187],"varies":[136],"season":[138],"time.":[140,164],"About":[141],"98%":[142],"May":[148],"September,":[150],"peak":[153],"diurnal":[156],"variation":[157],"1900":[160],"2100":[162],"local":[163,203],"Based":[165],"analysis":[168],"thunderstorm":[170],"types":[171],"it":[174],"considered":[176],"abnormal":[179],"responsible":[184],"for":[185],"discharge":[190],"number":[191,201],"frontal":[193],"systems":[194],"rather":[195],"increase":[198],"thunderstorms.":[204],"In":[205],"addition,":[206],"there":[207,222],"non-linear":[210],"relationship":[211],"between":[212],"pollutant":[213],"concentrations":[214],"number,":[218],"which":[219],"indicates":[220],"are":[223],"other":[224],"critical":[225],"factors":[226],"affecting":[227],"production":[229],"lightning.":[231]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-04-20T07:46:08.049788","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}