{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3193658206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13061055","title":"Landslide Deformation Prediction Based on a GNSS Time Series Analysis and Recurrent Neural Network Model","display_name":"Landslide Deformation Prediction Based on a GNSS Time Series Analysis and Recurrent Neural Network Model","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3193658206","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13061055","mag":"3193658206"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13061055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13061055","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/6/1055/pdf?version=1615959801","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/6/1055/pdf?version=1615959801","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100378310","display_name":"Jing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5443-9412"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5034414529","display_name":"Guigen Nie","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1271-7968"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guigen Nie","raw_affiliation_strings":["Collaborative Innovation Center for Geospatial Information Technology, Wuhan 430072, China","GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Collaborative Innovation Center for Geospatial Information Technology, Wuhan 430072, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101716536","display_name":"Shengjun Gao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2836-9056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210114963","display_name":"Chinese Academy of Surveying and Mapping","ror":"https://ror.org/02j693n47","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210114963"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shengjun Gao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Chinese Antarctic Center of Surveying and Mapping, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210114963"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102877179","display_name":"Shuguang Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8099-6669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuguang Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100342513","display_name":"Haiyang Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4432-7211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Haiyang Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100633465","display_name":"Xiaobing Ren","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4973-2486"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37461747","display_name":"Wuhan University","ror":"https://ror.org/033vjfk17","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaobing Ren","raw_affiliation_strings":["GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"GNSS Research Center, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5034414529"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37461747"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":14.8682,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":61,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98903711,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"6","first_page":"1055","last_page":"1055"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10535","display_name":"Landslides and related hazards","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2308","display_name":"Management, Monitoring, Policy and Law"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12729","display_name":"Tree Root and Stability Studies","score":0.9735000133514404,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12293","display_name":"Dam Engineering and Safety","score":0.9631999731063843,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/landslide","display_name":"Landslide","score":0.7675122022628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/gnss-applications","display_name":"GNSS applications","score":0.6827573776245117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6420413255691528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/displacement","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","score":0.5936635732650757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-neural-network","display_name":"Artificial neural network","score":0.560742974281311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/time-series","display_name":"Time series","score":0.4755691587924957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/series","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","score":0.4677109122276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/noise","display_name":"Noise (video)","score":0.44391894340515137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hilbert\u2013huang-transform","display_name":"Hilbert\u2013Huang transform","score":0.4326567053794861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.35484105348587036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.2858494818210602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.26666340231895447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.2404116690158844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.20496094226837158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/seismology","display_name":"Seismology","score":0.13934043049812317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.12044507265090942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/white-noise","display_name":"White noise","score":0.07508155703544617}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186295008","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q167903","display_name":"Landslide","level":2,"score":0.7675122022628784},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C14279187","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5514012","display_name":"GNSS applications","level":3,"score":0.6827573776245117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6420413255691528},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107551265","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1458245","display_name":"Displacement (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5936635732650757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50644808","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192776","display_name":"Artificial neural network","level":2,"score":0.560742974281311},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151406439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q186588","display_name":"Time series","level":2,"score":0.4755691587924957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C143724316","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q312468","display_name":"Series (stratigraphy)","level":2,"score":0.4677109122276306},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C99498987","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2210247","display_name":"Noise (video)","level":3,"score":0.44391894340515137},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C25570617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1006462","display_name":"Hilbert\u2013Huang transform","level":3,"score":0.4326567053794861},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.35484105348587036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.2858494818210602},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.26666340231895447},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.2404116690158844},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.20496094226837158},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C165205528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83371","display_name":"Seismology","level":1,"score":0.13934043049812317},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.12044507265090942},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112633086","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q381287","display_name":"White noise","level":2,"score":0.07508155703544617},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115961682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q860623","display_name":"Image (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C542102704","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183257","display_name":"Psychotherapist","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13061055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13061055","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/6/1055/pdf?version=1615959801","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:4f829a16d5064dd2bcc82d545db76585","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/4f829a16d5064dd2bcc82d545db76585","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 13, Iss 6, p 1055 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/13/6/1055/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs13061055","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 13; Issue 6; Pages: 1055","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs13061055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs13061055","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/13/6/1055/pdf?version=1615959801","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3661220043","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2018YFE0206500","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335830","funder_display_name":"International Science and Technology Cooperation Programme"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335777","display_name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","ror":null},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335830","display_name":"International Science and Technology Cooperation Programme","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3193658206.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3193658206.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1689711448","https://openalex.org/W1902237438","https://openalex.org/W1978902606","https://openalex.org/W2002709434","https://openalex.org/W2007221293","https://openalex.org/W2009465763","https://openalex.org/W2010832349","https://openalex.org/W2013481289","https://openalex.org/W2041461910","https://openalex.org/W2054512946","https://openalex.org/W2064675550","https://openalex.org/W2072357889","https://openalex.org/W2076063813","https://openalex.org/W2076437246","https://openalex.org/W2108446060","https://openalex.org/W2118125046","https://openalex.org/W2125056386","https://openalex.org/W2134955829","https://openalex.org/W2136848157","https://openalex.org/W2143612262","https://openalex.org/W2144499799","https://openalex.org/W2172198266","https://openalex.org/W2284304237","https://openalex.org/W2291261846","https://openalex.org/W2413794162","https://openalex.org/W2576418105","https://openalex.org/W2581822685","https://openalex.org/W2597734506","https://openalex.org/W2620311667","https://openalex.org/W2745383746","https://openalex.org/W2767272949","https://openalex.org/W2805826728","https://openalex.org/W2910183581","https://openalex.org/W2942054482","https://openalex.org/W2963247027","https://openalex.org/W2997458419","https://openalex.org/W2997476036","https://openalex.org/W3021364764","https://openalex.org/W3021538729","https://openalex.org/W3084416239","https://openalex.org/W4245444932"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2389676928","https://openalex.org/W3169474304","https://openalex.org/W2369104181","https://openalex.org/W3201652628","https://openalex.org/W4212972401","https://openalex.org/W3014107421","https://openalex.org/W2389287188","https://openalex.org/W3081499580","https://openalex.org/W2363056446","https://openalex.org/W1915398038"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,54,69,84,96],"prediction":[1,21,77],"of":[2,93],"landslide":[3,51,61,86,111],"displacement":[4,20,52,112],"is":[5,12,57,72,87],"a":[6,18,26],"challenging":[7],"and":[8,106],"essential":[9],"task.":[10],"It":[11],"thus":[13],"very":[14],"important":[15],"to":[16,59,75,89],"choose":[17],"suitable":[19],"model.":[22,95],"This":[23],"paper":[24],"develops":[25],"novel":[27],"Attention":[28],"Mechanism":[29],"with":[30,47,80],"Long":[31],"Short":[32],"Time":[33],"Memory":[34],"Neural":[35],"Network":[36],"(AMLSTM":[37],"NN)":[38],"model":[39,102],"based":[40],"on":[41],"Complete":[42],"Ensemble":[43],"Empirical":[44],"Mode":[45],"Decomposition":[46],"Adaptive":[48],"Noise":[49],"(CEEMDAN)":[50],"prediction.":[53,113],"CEEMDAN":[55],"method":[56],"implemented":[58],"ingest":[60],"Global":[62],"Navigation":[63],"Satellite":[64],"System":[65],"(GNSS)":[66],"time":[67],"series.":[68],"AMLSTM":[70],"algorithm":[71],"then":[73],"used":[74],"realize":[76],"work,":[78],"jointly":[79],"multiple":[81],"impact":[82],"factors.":[83],"Baishuihe":[85],"adopted":[88],"illustrate":[90],"the":[91,94,100],"capabilities":[92],"results":[97],"show":[98],"that":[99],"CEEMDAN-AMLSTM":[101],"achieves":[103],"competitive":[104],"accuracy":[105],"has":[107],"significant":[108],"potential":[109],"for":[110]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":17},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-19T08:26:33.389920","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}