{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2945930257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11101212","title":"Investigating Surface Urban Heat Islands in South America Based on MODIS Data from 2003\u20132016","display_name":"Investigating Surface Urban Heat Islands in South America Based on MODIS Data from 2003\u20132016","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-05-22","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2945930257","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11101212","mag":"2945930257"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11101212","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11101212","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/10/1212/pdf?version=1558515339","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/10/1212/pdf?version=1558515339","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5021767311","display_name":"Xiaojun Wu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3606-1211"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaojun Wu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101993258","display_name":"Guangxing Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4437-9951"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Guangxing Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101731920","display_name":"Rui Yao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1578-8641"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rui Yao","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5083980544","display_name":"Lunche Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7783-5725"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lunche Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110678431","display_name":"Deqing Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0315-4112"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Deqing Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Remote Sensing Centre of Hunan Province, Changsha 410007, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Remote Sensing Centre of Hunan Province, Changsha 410007, China","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045142525","display_name":"Xuan Gui","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I3124059619","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":"https://ror.org/04gcegc37","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xuan Gui","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Key Laboratory of Critical Zone Evolution, School of Geography and Information Engineering, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":6,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101993258"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I3124059619"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":4.4626,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":73,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94659827,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"10","first_page":"1212","last_page":"1212"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10766","display_name":"Urban Heat Island Mitigation","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10692","display_name":"Urban Green Space and Health","score":0.9902999997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2307","display_name":"Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10121","display_name":"Building Energy and Comfort Optimization","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2215","display_name":"Building and Construction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.46493858098983765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.44903233647346497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/urban-heat-island","display_name":"Urban heat island","score":0.42368972301483154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/daytime","display_name":"Daytime","score":0.4192143976688385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.373676061630249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.3577285408973694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/climatology","display_name":"Climatology","score":0.3263934552669525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/atmospheric-sciences","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","score":0.2953670620918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/meteorology","display_name":"Meteorology","score":0.16700640320777893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geology","display_name":"Geology","score":0.13107573986053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/demography","display_name":"Demography","score":0.0902690589427948}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.46493858098983765},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.44903233647346497},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54005896","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215712","display_name":"Urban heat island","level":2,"score":0.42368972301483154},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162725370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52643","display_name":"Daytime","level":2,"score":0.4192143976688385},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.373676061630249},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.3577285408973694},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49204034","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52139","display_name":"Climatology","level":1,"score":0.3263934552669525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91586092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q757520","display_name":"Atmospheric sciences","level":1,"score":0.2953670620918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153294291","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25261","display_name":"Meteorology","level":1,"score":0.16700640320777893},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127313418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069","display_name":"Geology","level":0,"score":0.13107573986053467},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0902690589427948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11101212","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11101212","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/10/1212/pdf?version=1558515339","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c5676172eeaa4cb1ba3d3833e2cb52e6","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c5676172eeaa4cb1ba3d3833e2cb52e6","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 11, Iss 10, p 1212 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/11/10/1212/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11101212","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 11; Issue 10; Pages: 1212","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11101212","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11101212","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/10/1212/pdf?version=1558515339","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Climate action","score":0.47999998927116394,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/13"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1123670758","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"41601044","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G210696270","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CUGCJ170","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328899","funder_display_name":"China University of Geosciences"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2870525900","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Wuhan","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3357889798","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"No.41601044","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5370642972","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CUGL170401","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5797785011","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"16010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7718569893","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"CUGCJ1704","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320328899","display_name":"China University of Geosciences","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2945930257.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2945930257.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W784453912","https://openalex.org/W1509157830","https://openalex.org/W1963894054","https://openalex.org/W1964501373","https://openalex.org/W1966538081","https://openalex.org/W1974522364","https://openalex.org/W1975806633","https://openalex.org/W1983322114","https://openalex.org/W1995537516","https://openalex.org/W2005441272","https://openalex.org/W2007372648","https://openalex.org/W2012214861","https://openalex.org/W2023306858","https://openalex.org/W2029660080","https://openalex.org/W2032434663","https://openalex.org/W2037652060","https://openalex.org/W2038774500","https://openalex.org/W2041463178","https://openalex.org/W2046882056","https://openalex.org/W2050263501","https://openalex.org/W2054593957","https://openalex.org/W2073503865","https://openalex.org/W2090976648","https://openalex.org/W2096445870","https://openalex.org/W2097467169","https://openalex.org/W2117670049","https://openalex.org/W2119474749","https://openalex.org/W2123815400","https://openalex.org/W2153763028","https://openalex.org/W2154180993","https://openalex.org/W2161241309","https://openalex.org/W2161316031","https://openalex.org/W2162063693","https://openalex.org/W2163117137","https://openalex.org/W2165878297","https://openalex.org/W2258632103","https://openalex.org/W2343553486","https://openalex.org/W2417285541","https://openalex.org/W2460665794","https://openalex.org/W2463505970","https://openalex.org/W2468918775","https://openalex.org/W2471641792","https://openalex.org/W2562272269","https://openalex.org/W2568579228","https://openalex.org/W2569672333","https://openalex.org/W2738023772","https://openalex.org/W2741665529","https://openalex.org/W2755171626","https://openalex.org/W2792325608","https://openalex.org/W2792508353","https://openalex.org/W2793009097","https://openalex.org/W2808921796","https://openalex.org/W2890277783","https://openalex.org/W2895475571","https://openalex.org/W2900902279","https://openalex.org/W2911945344","https://openalex.org/W3148722778","https://openalex.org/W4239862130","https://openalex.org/W6630370135","https://openalex.org/W6755361122"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4405193157","https://openalex.org/W2072650855","https://openalex.org/W3108670580","https://openalex.org/W1986730386","https://openalex.org/W2043317507","https://openalex.org/W82438832","https://openalex.org/W2050937832","https://openalex.org/W124567884","https://openalex.org/W2035239275","https://openalex.org/W2064842551"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Surface":[0],"urban":[1,56,97,225],"heat":[2,103,246],"islands":[3],"(SUHIs)":[4],"have":[5,273],"been":[6,18],"investigated":[7],"in":[8,24,50,62,67,116,130,148,183,192,206,281,284],"many":[9],"regions":[10],"around":[11],"the":[12,44,51,55,59,78,85,89,92,111,126,135,140,142,149,155,168,173,176,178,207,222,228,232,252,264,278,282],"world,":[13],"but":[14,235],"little":[15],"attention":[16],"has":[17],"given":[19],"with":[20,221,251,263],"regard":[21],"to":[22,42,211],"SUHIs":[23],"South":[25,64,117,285],"America.":[26,118,286],"In":[27,139,166,243],"this":[28],"study,":[29],"Moderate":[30],"Resolution":[31],"Imaging":[32],"Spectroradiometer":[33],"(MODIS)":[34],"land":[35,170],"surface":[36],"temperature":[37],"(LST)":[38],"data":[39],"was":[40,114,123,180,216,239],"used":[41],"investigate":[43],"diurnal,":[45],"seasonal,":[46],"and":[47,71,91,101,218,258],"interannual":[48],"variations":[49,280],"SUHI":[52,112],"intensity":[53],"(SUHII,":[54],"LST":[57],"minus":[58,227],"rural":[60,74,184,196,229],"LST)":[61],"44":[63,233],"American":[65],"cities":[66,200],"different":[68],"climate":[69,137,152],"zones":[70],"types":[72,194],"of":[73,80,195],"land.":[75,197],"To":[76],"examine":[77],"effects":[79],"factors":[81,270],"that":[82,110,186,268],"may":[83,271],"influence":[84],"SUHII,":[86,265],"correlations":[87],"between":[88],"SUHII":[90,122,129,147,160,179,208,215,283],"enhanced":[93],"vegetation":[94],"index":[95],"(EVI),":[96],"area,":[98,256],"population,":[99,257],"altitude,":[100],"anthropogenic":[102,245],"emissions":[104,247],"were":[105,187,248,260],"performed.":[106],"The":[107,119,158,213],"results":[108],"showed":[109,161,201],"effect":[113],"obvious":[115,163],"mean":[120,127],"daytime":[121,214],"higher":[124],"than":[125,154,191],"night-time":[128,159,253],"all":[131],"areas":[132,185],"except":[133],"for":[134],"arid":[136],"zone.":[138],"daytime,":[141],"summer":[143],"displayed":[144],"a":[145,236,274],"stronger":[146,182],"warm":[150],"temperate":[151],"zone":[153],"other":[156,193],"seasons.":[157],"less":[162],"seasonal":[164],"variations.":[165],"addition,":[167,244],"surrounding":[169],"cover":[171],"influenced":[172],"SUHII.":[174,254],"During":[175],"day,":[177],"therefore":[181],"covered":[188],"by":[189],"forests":[190],"Interannually,":[198],"most":[199],"an":[202],"insignificant":[203],"temporal":[204],"trend":[205],"from":[209],"2003":[210],"2016.":[212],"significantly":[217],"negatively":[219],"correlated":[220,250,262],"\u2206EVI":[223],"(the":[224],"EVI":[226],"EVI)":[230],"across":[231],"cities,":[234],"poor":[237],"relationship":[238],"observed":[240],"at":[241],"night.":[242],"positively":[249],"Urban":[255],"altitude":[259],"weakly":[261],"which":[266],"suggested":[267],"these":[269],"not":[272],"significant":[275],"impact":[276],"on":[277],"spatial":[279]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":13},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":12},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-18T07:56:08.524223","created_date":"2019-05-29T00:00:00"}
