{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2922177716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11050599","title":"Long-Term Land Cover Dynamics (1986\u20132016) of Northeast China Derived from a Multi-Temporal Landsat Archive","display_name":"Long-Term Land Cover Dynamics (1986\u20132016) of Northeast China Derived from a Multi-Temporal Landsat Archive","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-12","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2922177716","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11050599","mag":"2922177716"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11050599","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11050599","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/5/599/pdf?version=1552393278","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/5/599/pdf?version=1552393278","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101625788","display_name":"Yuanyuan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5447-2861"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I52158045","display_name":"China Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/04v3ywz14","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuanyuan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China","Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Land Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I52158045"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102198564","display_name":"Duole Feng","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Duole Feng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5035292711","display_name":"Le Yu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3115-2042"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Le Yu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joint Center for Global Change Studies, Beijing 100875, China","Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joint Center for Global Change Studies, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024928131","display_name":"Yuqi Cheng","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6664-419X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yuqi Cheng","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085286731","display_name":"Meinan Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7879-7377"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Meinan Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100666862","display_name":"Xiaoxuan Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1426-5056"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoxuan Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5066328512","display_name":"Yidi Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1528-4256"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yidi Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5087505819","display_name":"Lei Fang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7194-8742"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210110024","display_name":"Institute of Applied Ecology","ror":"https://ror.org/01thb7525","country_code":"CN","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I19820366","https://openalex.org/I4210110024"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Lei Fang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210110024"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5084035201","display_name":"Zhiliang Zhu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6860-6936"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1286329397","display_name":"United States Geological Survey","ror":"https://ror.org/035a68863","country_code":"US","type":"funder","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397","https://openalex.org/I1335927249"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhiliang Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["United States Geological Survey, Reston, VA 12201, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"United States Geological Survey, Reston, VA 12201, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1286329397"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059264917","display_name":"Peng Gong","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1513-3765"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I99065089","display_name":"Tsinghua University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cve4549","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Peng Gong","raw_affiliation_strings":["Joint Center for Global Change Studies, Beijing 100875, China","Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Joint Center for Global Change Studies, Beijing 100875, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Earth System Modeling, Department of Earth System Science, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":10,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5035292711","https://openalex.org/A5059264917"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I99065089"],"apc_list":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"apc_paid":{"value":2500,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2707},"fwci":5.1821,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":47,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95576899,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"5","first_page":"599","last_page":"599"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10111","display_name":"Remote Sensing in Agriculture","score":0.9987999796867371,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10226","display_name":"Land Use and Ecosystem Services","score":0.9987000226974487,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2306","display_name":"Global and Planetary Change"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13890","display_name":"Remote Sensing and Land Use","score":0.9932000041007996,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1902","display_name":"Atmospheric Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/19","display_name":"Earth and Planetary Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/shrubland","display_name":"Shrubland","score":0.6418508291244507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-cover","display_name":"Land cover","score":0.6358369588851929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/environmental-science","display_name":"Environmental science","score":0.5765435695648193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physical-geography","display_name":"Physical geography","score":0.5594049692153931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/wetland","display_name":"Wetland","score":0.5516409277915955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/impervious-surface","display_name":"Impervious surface","score":0.5229447484016418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/china","display_name":"China","score":0.4472261667251587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/remote-sensing","display_name":"Remote sensing","score":0.4451417922973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/land-use","display_name":"Land use","score":0.43276721239089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.4094008803367615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/habitat","display_name":"Habitat","score":0.193998783826828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ecology","display_name":"Ecology","score":0.14895853400230408}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C59898753","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q879641","display_name":"Shrubland","level":3,"score":0.6418508291244507},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780648208","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3001793","display_name":"Land cover","level":3,"score":0.6358369588851929},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5765435695648193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100970517","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52107","display_name":"Physical geography","level":1,"score":0.5594049692153931},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C67715294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q170321","display_name":"Wetland","level":2,"score":0.5516409277915955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2668921","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1434713","display_name":"Impervious surface","level":2,"score":0.5229447484016418},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191935318","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q148","display_name":"China","level":2,"score":0.4472261667251587},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62649853","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q199687","display_name":"Remote sensing","level":1,"score":0.4451417922973633},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C4792198","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1165944","display_name":"Land use","level":2,"score":0.43276721239089966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.4094008803367615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185933670","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q52105","display_name":"Habitat","level":2,"score":0.193998783826828},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.14895853400230408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11050599","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11050599","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/5/599/pdf?version=1552393278","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ad680910611440869f80563ede7fcd8b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ad680910611440869f80563ede7fcd8b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing, Vol 11, Iss 5, p 599 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2072-4292/11/5/599/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11050599","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing; Volume 11; Issue 5; Pages: 599","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/rs11050599","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/rs11050599","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2072-4292/11/5/599/pdf?version=1552393278","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S43295729","display_name":"Remote Sensing","issn_l":"2072-4292","issn":["2072-4292"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Remote Sensing","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7799999713897705,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2922177716.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2922177716.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":49,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W60037219","https://openalex.org/W189916372","https://openalex.org/W639537632","https://openalex.org/W1574397661","https://openalex.org/W1964217023","https://openalex.org/W1964839977","https://openalex.org/W1965370471","https://openalex.org/W1969589719","https://openalex.org/W1970840899","https://openalex.org/W1977532452","https://openalex.org/W1978617972","https://openalex.org/W1980058571","https://openalex.org/W1980385468","https://openalex.org/W1981213426","https://openalex.org/W1981377684","https://openalex.org/W1997067280","https://openalex.org/W2001510610","https://openalex.org/W2014970225","https://openalex.org/W2016700964","https://openalex.org/W2019679719","https://openalex.org/W2022204818","https://openalex.org/W2040667072","https://openalex.org/W2045692755","https://openalex.org/W2047744778","https://openalex.org/W2049423820","https://openalex.org/W2053474248","https://openalex.org/W2059879550","https://openalex.org/W2063623478","https://openalex.org/W2076044184","https://openalex.org/W2081071305","https://openalex.org/W2087306084","https://openalex.org/W2101678239","https://openalex.org/W2112105957","https://openalex.org/W2118315061","https://openalex.org/W2121601221","https://openalex.org/W2138499468","https://openalex.org/W2161568916","https://openalex.org/W2167787089","https://openalex.org/W2171979590","https://openalex.org/W2234018419","https://openalex.org/W2332409757","https://openalex.org/W2355619049","https://openalex.org/W2415454320","https://openalex.org/W2499167284","https://openalex.org/W2514293108","https://openalex.org/W2616875012","https://openalex.org/W2623897461","https://openalex.org/W2784324161","https://openalex.org/W2915157699"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2364341326","https://openalex.org/W3133615129","https://openalex.org/W2087854757","https://openalex.org/W2188959887","https://openalex.org/W2373152553","https://openalex.org/W2972049582","https://openalex.org/W4389201442","https://openalex.org/W2386169820","https://openalex.org/W604251607","https://openalex.org/W3170595163"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Northeast":[0],"China":[1],"is":[2,20,137],"a":[3,49,108,119,160],"major":[4],"grain":[5],"production":[6],"area,":[7,12],"an":[8],"ecological":[9],"important":[10,261],"forest":[11,269],"and":[13,27,31,71,80,86,103,171,200,220,240,272],"the":[14,81,92,97,112,165,191,202,210,236,244,255,260],"largest":[15],"old":[16],"industrial":[17],"base":[18],"which":[19],"now":[21],"suffering":[22],"from":[23,196,250],"economic":[24],"growth":[25],"slowdown":[26],"brain":[28],"drain.":[29],"Accurate":[30],"long-term":[32],"dynamic":[33],"land":[34,54,116,122,134,193,262],"cover":[35,55,123,135,194,263],"maps":[36,67,93,257],"are":[37],"highly":[38],"demanded":[39],"for":[40],"many":[41],"regional":[42],"applications.":[43],"In":[44],"this":[45],"study,":[46],"we":[47],"developed":[48],"set":[50],"of":[51,91,99,115,132,142,167,188,205,215,227,243],"continuous":[52],"annual":[53],"mapping":[56],"product":[57],"at":[58],"30":[59],"m":[60],"resolution":[61],"using":[62,75],"multi-temporal":[63,100],"Landsat":[64,101],"images.":[65],"The":[66,89,129,140,186,225],"in":[68,121,151,159,176],"year":[69,125],"2000":[70],"2015":[72],"were":[73,84,94],"tested":[74],"another":[76],"independent":[77],"validation":[78],"dataset":[79],"overall":[82],"accuracies":[83,90],"80.69%":[85],"88.38%,":[87],"respectively.":[88],"improved":[95],"by":[96,231],"integration":[98],"images":[102],"post-classification":[104],"strategies.":[105],"We":[106,252],"found":[107],"general":[109],"trend":[110],"that":[111,117],"total":[113,203],"area":[114,130,141,177,204,226,247],"experienced":[118],"change":[120,131,195],"each":[124,133],"increased":[126,230],"over":[127,164],"time.":[128],"type":[136],"also":[138,253],"detected.":[139],"forests":[143],"was":[144,190,248],"3.92":[145],"\u00d7":[146,180],"10":[147,181],"5":[148,182],"km":[149,183],"2":[150,184],"1986,":[152],"fluctuated":[153],"under":[154,209],"fire":[155],"disturbance,":[156],"but":[157],"declined":[158,208],"quite":[161],"high":[162],"rate":[163],"period":[166],"1989":[168],"to":[169,198,212,223],"2006,":[170],"finally":[172],"stayed":[173],"relatively":[174],"stable":[175],"around":[178],"3.58":[179],".":[185],"expansion":[187],"croplands":[189,206],"leading":[192],"1986":[197],"2000,":[199],"then":[201],"slightly":[207],"Grain":[211],"Green":[213],"Project":[214],"China,":[216],"while":[217],"shrublands,":[218],"grasslands":[219],"wetlands":[221],"began":[222],"increase.":[224],"impervious":[228],"surfaces":[229],"more":[232],"than":[233],"502%":[234],"during":[235],"last":[237],"three":[238],"decades,":[239],"about":[241],"73%":[242],"new":[245],"built-up":[246],"converted":[249],"croplands.":[251],"demonstrated":[254],"our":[256],"could":[258],"capture":[259],"conversion":[264],"processes,":[265],"such":[266],"as":[267],"urbanization,":[268],"logging":[270],"activities,":[271],"agricultural":[273],"expansion.":[274]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":9},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":14},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":10},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":4}],"updated_date":"2026-03-08T08:50:53.379069","created_date":"2019-03-22T00:00:00"}