{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3195252633","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics8030056","title":"Application of Machine Learning Methods on Patient Reported Outcome Measurements for Predicting Outcomes: A Literature Review","display_name":"Application of Machine Learning Methods on Patient Reported Outcome Measurements for Predicting Outcomes: A Literature Review","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-08-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3195252633","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics8030056","mag":"3195252633"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics8030056","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics8030056","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/8/3/56/pdf?version=1629885878","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"review","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/8/3/56/pdf?version=1629885878","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101779394","display_name":"Deepika Verma","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0499-4853"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Deepika Verma","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0499-4853","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005736644","display_name":"Kerstin Bach","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4256-7676"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kerstin Bach","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4256-7676","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Computer Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5052294600","display_name":"Paul Jarle Mork","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3355-2680"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I204778367","display_name":"Norwegian University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05xg72x27","country_code":"NO","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}],"countries":["NO"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Paul Jarle Mork","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3355-2680","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Public Health and Nursing, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7034 Trondheim, Norway","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101779394"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I204778367"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":1.5025,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":43,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.84705408,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"3","first_page":"56","last_page":"56"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.9939000010490417,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13702","display_name":"Machine Learning in Healthcare","score":0.9929999709129333,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10552","display_name":"Colorectal Cancer Screening and Detection","score":0.9891999959945679,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2730","display_name":"Oncology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/unavailability","display_name":"Unavailability","score":0.7478395700454712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/outcome","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","score":0.68486487865448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/machine-learning","display_name":"Machine learning","score":0.6579253077507019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.6162646412849426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/field","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","score":0.5429511070251465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.49871134757995605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/clinical-decision-support-system","display_name":"Clinical decision support system","score":0.45719659328460693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.4296506643295288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.412202924489975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-support-system","display_name":"Decision support system","score":0.38837629556655884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.1365559995174408}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780505938","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17093282","display_name":"Unavailability","level":2,"score":0.7478395700454712},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148220186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7111912","display_name":"Outcome (game theory)","level":2,"score":0.68486487865448},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.6579253077507019},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.6162646412849426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C9652623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190109","display_name":"Field (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5429511070251465},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.49871134757995605},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63527458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5133829","display_name":"Clinical decision support system","level":3,"score":0.45719659328460693},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.4296506643295288},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.412202924489975},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.38837629556655884},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.1365559995174408},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C200601418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2193887","display_name":"Reliability engineering","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144237770","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q747534","display_name":"Mathematical economics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202444582","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837863","display_name":"Pure mathematics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics8030056","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics8030056","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/8/3/56/pdf?version=1629885878","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:492464c879e84432a4803bc67cce1502","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/492464c879e84432a4803bc67cce1502","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Informatics, Vol 8, Iss 3, p 56 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2227-9709/8/3/56/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/informatics8030056","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Informatics; Volume 8; Issue 3; Pages: 56","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:ntnuopen.ntnu.no:11250/3046002","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://hdl.handle.net/11250/3046002","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401716","display_name":"Duo Research Archive (University of Oslo)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I184942183","host_organization_name":"University of Oslo","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I184942183"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"13","raw_type":"info:eu-repo/semantics/article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics8030056","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics8030056","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/8/3/56/pdf?version=1629885878","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/16","score":0.7799999713897705,"display_name":"Peace, Justice and strong institutions"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1555696918","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"777090","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335254","funder_display_name":"Horizon 2020"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335254","display_name":"Horizon 2020","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195252633.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3195252633.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":42,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W154377515","https://openalex.org/W1678356000","https://openalex.org/W1820129507","https://openalex.org/W1980283223","https://openalex.org/W1998633852","https://openalex.org/W2010688601","https://openalex.org/W2049487316","https://openalex.org/W2068331095","https://openalex.org/W2069388901","https://openalex.org/W2132397892","https://openalex.org/W2138982156","https://openalex.org/W2157622407","https://openalex.org/W2226243673","https://openalex.org/W2257438637","https://openalex.org/W2291455745","https://openalex.org/W2587985522","https://openalex.org/W2588718194","https://openalex.org/W2594270750","https://openalex.org/W2606721258","https://openalex.org/W2606752218","https://openalex.org/W2725294665","https://openalex.org/W2732573701","https://openalex.org/W2737394435","https://openalex.org/W2765591468","https://openalex.org/W2770260636","https://openalex.org/W2805233431","https://openalex.org/W2888567136","https://openalex.org/W2897229783","https://openalex.org/W2899977073","https://openalex.org/W2909551888","https://openalex.org/W2909890632","https://openalex.org/W2946464972","https://openalex.org/W2985595246","https://openalex.org/W2989850715","https://openalex.org/W2996309850","https://openalex.org/W3046192699","https://openalex.org/W3047515259","https://openalex.org/W3091240630","https://openalex.org/W3097153841","https://openalex.org/W3102419640","https://openalex.org/W3153682634","https://openalex.org/W4288083420"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2046929026","https://openalex.org/W2779278343","https://openalex.org/W2533987749","https://openalex.org/W1996434451","https://openalex.org/W1569026615","https://openalex.org/W2791725133","https://openalex.org/W2338117633","https://openalex.org/W2112831187","https://openalex.org/W2122149485","https://openalex.org/W4232131108"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0],"field":[1],"of":[2,33,78,82,97,113,138,144],"patient-centred":[3],"healthcare":[4],"has,":[5],"during":[6],"recent":[7],"years,":[8],"adopted":[9],"machine":[10,40,72,114],"learning":[11,41,73],"and":[12,21,56,93,107,121,125,148],"data":[13,101,149],"science":[14],"techniques":[15],"to":[16,52],"support":[17,53],"clinical":[18,50,88],"decision":[19],"making":[20],"improve":[22],"patient":[23],"outcomes.":[24],"We":[25,61],"conduct":[26],"a":[27],"literature":[28],"review":[29],"with":[30,110],"the":[31,35,59,67,95,111,123,132,146],"aim":[32],"summarising":[34],"existing":[36],"methodologies":[37],"that":[38,70],"apply":[39],"methods":[42,74],"on":[43],"patient-reported":[44,83,98],"outcome":[45,84,99],"measures":[46,85,100],"datasets":[47,80],"for":[48,86,102],"predicting":[49,87],"outcomes":[51],"further":[54],"research":[55,92],"development":[57],"within":[58,66],"field.":[60],"identify":[62,120],"15":[63],"articles":[64],"published":[65],"last":[68],"decade":[69],"employ":[71],"at":[75],"various":[76],"stages":[77],"exploiting":[79],"consisting":[81],"outcomes,":[89],"presenting":[90],"promising":[91],"demonstrating":[94],"utility":[96],"developmental":[103],"research,":[104],"personalised":[105],"treatment":[106],"precision":[108],"medicine":[109],"help":[112],"learning-based":[115],"decision-support":[116],"systems.":[117],"Furthermore,":[118],"we":[119],"discuss":[122],"gaps":[124],"challenges,":[126],"such":[127],"as":[128],"inconsistency":[129],"in":[130,158],"reporting":[131],"results":[133],"across":[134],"different":[135,139],"articles,":[136],"use":[137],"evaluation":[140],"metrics,":[141],"legal":[142],"aspects":[143],"using":[145],"data,":[147],"unavailability,":[150],"among":[151],"others,":[152],"which":[153],"can":[154],"potentially":[155],"be":[156],"addressed":[157],"future":[159],"studies.":[160]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":7},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":6},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2021-08-30T00:00:00"}