{"id":"https://openalex.org/W3146869385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics8020022","title":"Two-Way Contact Network Modeling for Identifying the Route of COVID-19 Community Transmission","display_name":"Two-Way Contact Network Modeling for Identifying the Route of COVID-19 Community Transmission","publication_year":2021,"publication_date":"2021-03-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W3146869385","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics8020022","mag":"3146869385"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics8020022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics8020022","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/8/2/22/pdf?version=1616657085","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/8/2/22/pdf?version=1616657085","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100720085","display_name":"Sung-Jin Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7720-9935"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sung Jin Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Capital Market Judiciary Enforcement Unit, Financial Supervisory Service, Seoul 07321, Korea","Department of Forensics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, Korea"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7720-9935","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Capital Market Judiciary Enforcement Unit, Financial Supervisory Service, Seoul 07321, Korea","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forensics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100671605","display_name":"Sang Eun Lee","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2722-8200"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sang Eun Lee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Capital Market Judiciary Enforcement Unit, Financial Supervisory Service, Seoul 07321, Korea","Department of Forensics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Capital Market Judiciary Enforcement Unit, Financial Supervisory Service, Seoul 07321, Korea","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forensics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051171368","display_name":"Ji-On Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-4267-3074"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I323440827","display_name":"Korean National Police University","ror":"https://ror.org/02s89kd69","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I323440827"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ji-On Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Police Science, Korea National Police University, Asan 10050, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Police Science, Korea National Police University, Asan 10050, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I323440827"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5102813809","display_name":"Gibum Kim","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7298-4254"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I848706","display_name":"Sungkyunkwan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04q78tk20","country_code":"KR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}],"countries":["KR"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Gi Bum Kim","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Forensics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, Korea"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Forensics, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul 03063, Korea","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5102813809"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I848706"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.3016,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57718268,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"2","first_page":"22","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11819","display_name":"Data-Driven Disease Surveillance","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2713","display_name":"Epidemiology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10410","display_name":"COVID-19 epidemiological studies","score":0.9995999932289124,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11980","display_name":"Human Mobility and Location-Based Analysis","score":0.9986000061035156,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3313","display_name":"Transportation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contact-tracing","display_name":"Contact tracing","score":0.8574651479721069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transmission","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","score":0.7441989183425903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6237882971763611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/location-data","display_name":"Location data","score":0.5585945844650269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/centrality","display_name":"Centrality","score":0.5460193753242493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.5340119004249573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-positioning-system","display_name":"Global Positioning System","score":0.5266808271408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cluster","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","score":0.428876131772995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.3590478301048279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.3254449963569641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.32148247957229614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-security","display_name":"Computer security","score":0.2568812966346741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.23987582325935364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-network","display_name":"Computer network","score":0.21570387482643127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.16869625449180603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/statistics","display_name":"Statistics","score":0.13054534792900085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.10309776663780212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.08623921871185303}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C113162765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1128437","display_name":"Contact tracing","level":5,"score":0.8574651479721069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C761482","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118093","display_name":"Transmission (telecommunications)","level":2,"score":0.7441989183425903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6237882971763611},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2988186277","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5915793","display_name":"Location data","level":2,"score":0.5585945844650269},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53811970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062194","display_name":"Centrality","level":2,"score":0.5460193753242493},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.5340119004249573},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60229501","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q18822","display_name":"Global Positioning System","level":2,"score":0.5266808271408081},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.428876131772995},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.3590478301048279},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.3254449963569641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.32148247957229614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.2568812966346741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.23987582325935364},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.21570387482643127},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.16869625449180603},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.13054534792900085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.10309776663780212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.08623921871185303},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics8020022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics8020022","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/8/2/22/pdf?version=1616657085","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:abbed1b9b8af40e5981c230a6cbd962b","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/abbed1b9b8af40e5981c230a6cbd962b","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Informatics, Vol 8, Iss 2, p 22 (2021)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2227-9709/8/2/22/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/informatics8020022","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Informatics; Volume 8; Issue 2; Pages: 22","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics8020022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics8020022","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/8/2/22/pdf?version=1616657085","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.8600000143051147,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3146869385.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W3146869385.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":23,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1947595544","https://openalex.org/W2147169375","https://openalex.org/W2169528473","https://openalex.org/W2404352102","https://openalex.org/W2414744193","https://openalex.org/W2741043793","https://openalex.org/W2933153750","https://openalex.org/W2985808274","https://openalex.org/W3022565163","https://openalex.org/W3028145155","https://openalex.org/W3028695384","https://openalex.org/W3032167546","https://openalex.org/W3035579701","https://openalex.org/W3036075046","https://openalex.org/W3047687465","https://openalex.org/W3082692902","https://openalex.org/W3094807411","https://openalex.org/W3095844390","https://openalex.org/W3114764407","https://openalex.org/W3119995989","https://openalex.org/W4288079095","https://openalex.org/W6770578832","https://openalex.org/W6779548289"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4229078645","https://openalex.org/W1977345676","https://openalex.org/W4282032776","https://openalex.org/W2047552823","https://openalex.org/W4393608758","https://openalex.org/W4200061232","https://openalex.org/W4390411751","https://openalex.org/W612016267","https://openalex.org/W3213989289","https://openalex.org/W4214829616"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0,201,241],"this":[1,202],"study,":[2],"we":[3,46,204],"address":[4],"the":[5,9,21,33,40,51,54,62,75,80,94,98,108,111,113,136,149,161,168,173,180,184,189,195,198,214,228,247,251,257,279,283],"problem":[6],"originated":[7],"from":[8,64,110,129,256],"fact":[10],"that":[11,50,132,268],"\u201cThe":[12],"Corona":[13],"19":[14],"Epidemiological":[15],"Research":[16],"Support":[17],"System,\u201d":[18],"developed":[19],"by":[20,142,152],"Korea":[22],"Centers":[23],"for":[24,209,222,238,246,263],"Disease":[25],"Control":[26],"and":[27,118,188,193,212,217,260],"Prevention,":[28],"is":[29,127,244,273],"limited":[30],"to":[31,83,107,155,249,275],"analyzing":[32],"Global":[34],"Positioning":[35],"System":[36],"(GPS)":[37],"information":[38],"of":[39,57,91,101,139,163,170,191,286],"confirmed":[41,77,115,140,186],"COVID-19":[42,58,92,239,265],"cases":[43],"alone.":[44],"Consequently,":[45],"study":[47],"a":[48,65,71,218,236],"method":[49,69,147],"authority":[52,248],"predicts":[53],"transmission":[55,181,199,215],"route":[56,182,216,229],"between":[59,165,183],"visitors":[60,87],"in":[61,93,172,278],"community":[63,102],"spatiotemporal":[66],"perspective.":[67],"This":[68,126,271],"models":[70],"contact":[72,120,150,157,174],"network":[73,151,175],"around":[74],"first":[76,114,185],"case,":[78],"allowing":[79],"health":[81],"authorities":[82],"conduct":[84],"tests":[85],"on":[86,134,160,197,227],"after":[88],"an":[89],"outbreak":[90],"community.":[95],"After":[96],"securing":[97],"GPS":[99],"data":[100,208],"visitors,":[103],"it":[104,243],"traces":[105],"back":[106],"past":[109],"time":[112,124],"case":[116,187],"occurred":[117],"creates":[119,148],"clusters":[121],"at":[122],"each":[123,156],"step.":[125],"different":[128],"other":[130],"researches":[131],"focus":[133],"identifying":[135],"movement":[137],"paths":[138],"patients":[141],"forward":[143],"tracing.":[144],"The":[145,225],"proposed":[146],"assigning":[153],"weights":[154],"cluster":[158],"based":[159],"degree":[162],"proximity":[164],"contacts.":[166,288],"Identifying":[167],"source":[169,190],"infection":[171,192],"can":[176,231],"make":[177],"us":[178],"predict":[179],"classify":[194],"contacts":[196,226],"route.":[200],"experiment,":[203],"used":[205,277],"64,073":[206],"simulated":[207],"100":[210],"people":[211],"extracted":[213],"top":[219],"10":[220],"list":[221],"centrality":[223,258],"analysis.":[224],"path":[230],"be":[232,276],"quickly":[233],"designated":[234],"as":[235],"priority":[237],"testing.":[240],"addition,":[242],"possible":[245],"extract":[250],"subjects":[252],"with":[253],"high":[254],"influence":[255],"theory":[259],"use":[261],"them":[262],"additional":[264],"epidemic":[266,280],"investigation":[267,281],"requires":[269],"urgency.":[270],"model":[272],"expected":[274],"requiring":[282],"quick":[284],"selection":[285],"close":[287]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2021-04-13T00:00:00"}
