{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7125916370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics13020022","title":"Generative AI in Developing Countries: Adoption Dynamics in Vietnamese Local Government","display_name":"Generative AI in Developing Countries: Adoption Dynamics in Vietnamese Local Government","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-01-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7125916370","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics13020022"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics13020022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics13020022","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/13/2/22/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/13/2/22/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124109661","display_name":"Phu Nguyen Duy","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179193067","display_name":"Khon Kaen University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Phu Nguyen Duy","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Local Administration, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Local Administration, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5023600553","display_name":"Charles Ruangthamsing","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179193067","display_name":"Khon Kaen University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Charles Ruangthamsing","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Local Administration, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0009-2583-542X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Local Administration, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124147078","display_name":"Peerasit Kamnuansilpa","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179193067","display_name":"Khon Kaen University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Peerasit Kamnuansilpa","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Local Administration, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Local Administration, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5124143341","display_name":"Grichawat Lowatcharin","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I179193067","display_name":"Khon Kaen University","ror":"https://ror.org/03cq4gr50","country_code":"TH","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}],"countries":["TH"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Grichawat Lowatcharin","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Local Administration, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2623-1769","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Local Administration, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032307225","display_name":"Prasongchai Setthasuravich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1807-4350"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I153327471","display_name":"Bunkyo University","ror":"https://ror.org/053h75930","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I153327471"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I74801974","display_name":"The University of Tokyo","ror":"https://ror.org/057zh3y96","country_code":"JP","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I74801974"]}],"countries":["JP"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prasongchai Setthasuravich","raw_affiliation_strings":["International Project Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1807-4350","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Project Laboratory, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I74801974","https://openalex.org/I153327471"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5124109661"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I179193067"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.16310047,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"2","first_page":"22","last_page":"22"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.3402999937534332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10883","display_name":"Ethics and Social Impacts of AI","score":0.3402999937534332,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3311","display_name":"Safety Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11636","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence in Healthcare and Education","score":0.11670000106096268,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2718","display_name":"Health Informatics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10953","display_name":"E-Government and Public Services","score":0.06539999693632126,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3320","display_name":"Political Science and International Relations"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/accountability","display_name":"Accountability","score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/corporate-governance","display_name":"Corporate governance","score":0.5806999802589417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cognitive-reframing","display_name":"Cognitive reframing","score":0.516700029373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.4887999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/vietnamese","display_name":"Vietnamese","score":0.4684999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/local-government","display_name":"Local government","score":0.4523000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-society","display_name":"Civil society","score":0.39800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salient","display_name":"Salient","score":0.34470000863075256}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776007630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2798912","display_name":"Accountability","level":2,"score":0.753000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39389867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q380767","display_name":"Corporate governance","level":2,"score":0.5806999802589417},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187029079","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q958679","display_name":"Cognitive reframing","level":2,"score":0.516700029373169},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.4887999892234802},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C103621254","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9199","display_name":"Vietnamese","level":2,"score":0.4684999883174896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778719706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6501447","display_name":"Local government","level":2,"score":0.4523000121116638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39549134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q133080","display_name":"Public relations","level":1,"score":0.4099000096321106},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C513891491","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q181865","display_name":"Civil society","level":3,"score":0.39800000190734863},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.3605000078678131},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.35760000348091125},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.34470000863075256},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C48103436","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q599031","display_name":"State (computer science)","level":2,"score":0.3319999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3116431","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31728","display_name":"Public administration","level":1,"score":0.3174000084400177},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C109986646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546113","display_name":"Public policy","level":2,"score":0.29789999127388},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C148609458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7021281","display_name":"Nexus (standard)","level":2,"score":0.29190000891685486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C83864248","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q177323","display_name":"Developing country","level":2,"score":0.28690001368522644},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185656870","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q190044","display_name":"Technocracy","level":3,"score":0.28459998965263367},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.28189998865127563},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780526558","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1345314","display_name":"Good governance","level":3,"score":0.27709999680519104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C57473165","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7315604","display_name":"Resistance (ecology)","level":2,"score":0.2694999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C147887874","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16252774","display_name":"Institutional theory","level":2,"score":0.2660999894142151},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62908951","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1320217","display_name":"Central government","level":3,"score":0.2635999917984009},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108170787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3951828","display_name":"Agency (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.2565999925136566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C51575053","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q72468","display_name":"Bureaucracy","level":3,"score":0.25290000438690186}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics13020022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics13020022","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/13/2/22/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:171745cb40374727b48693ba2131cd13","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/171745cb40374727b48693ba2131cd13","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Informatics, Vol 13, Iss 2, p 22 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics13020022","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics13020022","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/13/2/22/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.4456687867641449}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7125916370.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":38,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W79229537","https://openalex.org/W1542932561","https://openalex.org/W1791587663","https://openalex.org/W1979290264","https://openalex.org/W2122983118","https://openalex.org/W2305278139","https://openalex.org/W2897312458","https://openalex.org/W3009904776","https://openalex.org/W3015282120","https://openalex.org/W3165282860","https://openalex.org/W3175272358","https://openalex.org/W4200279670","https://openalex.org/W4280537010","https://openalex.org/W4286001130","https://openalex.org/W4312084956","https://openalex.org/W4313594144","https://openalex.org/W4327518222","https://openalex.org/W4360957277","https://openalex.org/W4383102774","https://openalex.org/W4385738962","https://openalex.org/W4385878921","https://openalex.org/W4388793542","https://openalex.org/W4388979742","https://openalex.org/W4390102564","https://openalex.org/W4390984202","https://openalex.org/W4391821244","https://openalex.org/W4399920572","https://openalex.org/W4400241315","https://openalex.org/W4401815074","https://openalex.org/W4402736895","https://openalex.org/W4404858203","https://openalex.org/W4407208464","https://openalex.org/W4409753625","https://openalex.org/W4411716590","https://openalex.org/W4413286591","https://openalex.org/W4414286284","https://openalex.org/W4414421333","https://openalex.org/W4415177790"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Generative":[0],"Artificial":[1],"Intelligence":[2],"(GenAI)":[3],"is":[4,134],"rapidly":[5],"reshaping":[6],"public-sector":[7],"operations,":[8],"yet":[9],"its":[10],"adoption":[11,52,191],"in":[12,25,41,53,131,192],"developing":[13],"countries":[14],"remains":[15],"poorly":[16],"understood.":[17],"Existing":[18],"research":[19],"focuses":[20],"largely":[21],"on":[22],"traditional":[23],"AI":[24,153],"developed":[26],"contexts,":[27],"leaving":[28],"unanswered":[29],"questions":[30],"about":[31],"how":[32],"GenAI":[33,51,82,133,190],"interacts":[34],"with":[35,81,149],"institutional,":[36],"organizational,":[37],"and":[38,78,97,103,116,137,181,188],"governance":[39,129,179],"constraints":[40],"resource-limited":[42],"settings.":[43],"This":[44],"study":[45,140],"examines":[46],"the":[47,63,73,146,172],"organizational":[48],"factors":[49,124],"shaping":[50],"Vietnamese":[54],"local":[55],"government":[56],"using":[57],"25":[58],"semi-structured":[59],"interviews":[60],"analyzed":[61],"through":[62],"Technology\u2013Organization\u2013Environment":[64],"(TOE)":[65],"framework.":[66],"Findings":[67],"reveal":[68],"three":[69],"central":[70],"dynamics:":[71],"(1)":[72],"emergence":[74],"of":[75,128],"informal,":[76],"voluntary,":[77],"bottom-up":[79],"experimentation":[80],"among":[83],"civil":[84],"servants;":[85],"(2)":[86],"significant":[87],"institutional":[88,183],"capacity":[89],"constraints\u2014including":[90],"absent":[91],"strategies,":[92],"limited":[93],"budgets,":[94],"weak":[95],"integration,":[96],"inadequate":[98],"training\u2014that":[99],"prevent":[100],"formal":[101],"adoption;":[102],"(3)":[104],"an":[105,150],"\u201cAI":[106],"accountability":[107,154],"vacuum\u201d":[108],"characterized":[109],"by":[110,144,156],"data":[111],"security":[112],"concerns,":[113],"regulatory":[114,176],"ambiguity,":[115],"unclear":[117],"responsibility":[118],"for":[119,174],"AI-generated":[120],"errors.":[121],"Together,":[122],"these":[123],"create":[125],"a":[126,160],"state":[127],"paralysis":[130],"which":[132],"simultaneously":[135],"encouraged":[136],"discouraged.":[138],"The":[139],"contributes":[141],"to":[142,163,185],"theory":[143],"extending":[145],"TOE":[147],"framework":[148],"environment-specific":[151],"construct\u2014the":[152],"vacuum\u2014and":[155],"reframing":[157],"resistance":[158],"as":[159],"rational":[161],"response":[162],"structural":[164],"gaps":[165],"rather":[166],"than":[167],"technophobia.":[168],"Practical":[169],"implications":[170],"highlight":[171],"need":[173],"capacity-building,":[175],"guidance,":[177],"accountable":[178],"structures,":[180],"leadership-driven":[182],"support":[184],"enable":[186],"safe":[187],"effective":[189],"developing-country":[193],"public":[194],"sectors.":[195]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-03-27T05:58:40.876381","created_date":"2026-01-29T00:00:00"}
