{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4363673518","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics10020036","title":"Evaluating the Impact of Gamification on the Online Shop of a Game Server: A Comparison between the Portuguese and North American Contexts","display_name":"Evaluating the Impact of Gamification on the Online Shop of a Game Server: A Comparison between the Portuguese and North American Contexts","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-04-10","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4363673518","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics10020036"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics10020036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics10020036","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/10/2/36/pdf?version=1681109609","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/10/2/36/pdf?version=1681109609","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5089848591","display_name":"Diogo Santos","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1633-0870"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110026055","display_name":"Iscte \u2013 Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa","ror":"https://ror.org/014837179","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110026055"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Diogo Santos","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Science and Technology, Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-1633-0870","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science and Technology, Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110026055"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022203854","display_name":"Elsa Cardoso","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5555-4567"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110026055","display_name":"Iscte \u2013 Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa","ror":"https://ror.org/014837179","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110026055"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elsa Cardoso","raw_affiliation_strings":["CIES-Iscte, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal","Department of Information Science and Technology, Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5555-4567","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"CIES-Iscte, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110026055"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science and Technology, Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110026055"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069861529","display_name":"Isabel Machado","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3108-5396"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110026055","display_name":"Iscte \u2013 Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa","ror":"https://ror.org/014837179","country_code":"PT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110026055"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210120471","display_name":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es","ror":"https://ror.org/02ht4fk33","country_code":"PT","type":"nonprofit","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}],"countries":["PT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Isabel Machado Alexandre","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Information Science and Technology, Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal","Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3108-5396","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Information Science and Technology, Instituto Universit\u00e1rio de Lisboa (ISCTE-IUL), 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110026055"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Instituto de Telecomunica\u00e7\u00f5es, 1649-026 Lisboa, Portugal","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210120471"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069861529"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110026055","https://openalex.org/I4210120471"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.04631545,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"2","first_page":"36","last_page":"36"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10731","display_name":"Educational Games and Gamification","score":0.9994999766349792,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3204","display_name":"Developmental and Educational Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11197","display_name":"Digital Games and Media","score":0.9901999831199646,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10648","display_name":"Virtual Reality Applications and Impacts","score":0.9847999811172485,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1709","display_name":"Human-Computer Interaction"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/portuguese","display_name":"Portuguese","score":0.7129989862442017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6721425652503967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/revenue","display_name":"Revenue","score":0.5949718952178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5535790324211121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/point","display_name":"Point (geometry)","score":0.5138335824012756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.5052288174629211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4913581907749176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advertising","display_name":"Advertising","score":0.4493159353733063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4283742308616638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.09944295883178711}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C35219183","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5146","display_name":"Portuguese","level":2,"score":0.7129989862442017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6721425652503967},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195487862","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q850210","display_name":"Revenue","level":2,"score":0.5949718952178955},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5535790324211121},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28719098","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44946","display_name":"Point (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5138335824012756},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.5052288174629211},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4913581907749176},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.4493159353733063},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4283742308616638},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.09944295883178711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121955636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4116214","display_name":"Accounting","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics10020036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics10020036","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/10/2/36/pdf?version=1681109609","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:ecf648f92ac84cc892f2268387f3008e","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/ecf648f92ac84cc892f2268387f3008e","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Informatics, Vol 10, Iss 2, p 36 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2227-9709/10/2/36/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/informatics10020036","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Informatics; Volume 10; Issue 2; Pages: 36","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:repositorio.iscte-iul.pt:10071/28455","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://hdl.handle.net/10071/28455","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306402433","display_name":"Portuguese National Funding Agency for Science, Research and Technology (RCAAP Project by FCT)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"other-oa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/other-oa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"","raw_type":null}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/informatics10020036","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/informatics10020036","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2227-9709/10/2/36/pdf?version=1681109609","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2738238905","display_name":"Informatics","issn_l":"2227-9709","issn":["2227-9709"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Informatics","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.4699999988079071,"display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4363673518.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W161555447","https://openalex.org/W1981693749","https://openalex.org/W1985816353","https://openalex.org/W1998235746","https://openalex.org/W1998933811","https://openalex.org/W2011629378","https://openalex.org/W2023718959","https://openalex.org/W2064625385","https://openalex.org/W2081655353","https://openalex.org/W2093983571","https://openalex.org/W2121665678","https://openalex.org/W2141084584","https://openalex.org/W2141540530","https://openalex.org/W2479485957","https://openalex.org/W2530695086","https://openalex.org/W2610166403","https://openalex.org/W2613845526","https://openalex.org/W2615649472","https://openalex.org/W2765506499","https://openalex.org/W2896686293","https://openalex.org/W2897122918","https://openalex.org/W2903986723","https://openalex.org/W2972929487","https://openalex.org/W3002679098","https://openalex.org/W3042013340","https://openalex.org/W3130713964","https://openalex.org/W3132941344","https://openalex.org/W3169241103","https://openalex.org/W3186231737","https://openalex.org/W4230253381","https://openalex.org/W4284705870","https://openalex.org/W4311102718","https://openalex.org/W6734865546","https://openalex.org/W6761224436"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2912615426","https://openalex.org/W1964944391","https://openalex.org/W2104166387","https://openalex.org/W4299785812","https://openalex.org/W4391101703","https://openalex.org/W563704311","https://openalex.org/W4322721676","https://openalex.org/W2625894112","https://openalex.org/W581688671","https://openalex.org/W2406463695"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Online":[0],"commerce":[1],"has":[2,165],"been":[3],"growing":[4],"rapidly":[5],"in":[6,18,44,64,73,101,175,178,194],"an":[7,27,48,192],"increasingly":[8],"digital":[9],"world,":[10],"and":[11,34,71,127,138,145],"gamification,":[12],"the":[13,22,40,59,65,77,81,92,102,115,128,157,188,197,201,213,222],"practice":[14],"of":[15,58,68,80,94,97,124,130,186],"designing":[16],"games":[17],"a":[19,85,166,172,183,235],"context":[20],"outside":[21],"industry":[23],"itself,":[24],"can":[25],"be":[26],"effective":[28],"strategy":[29],"to":[30,90,110,209],"stimulate":[31],"consumer":[32,176],"engagement":[33,113],"conversion":[35],"rate.":[36],"This":[37],"paper":[38],"describes":[39],"design":[41,82],"process":[42],"involved":[43],"introducing":[45,156],"gamification":[46,105,158,164],"into":[47],"online":[49],"shop":[50,203,224],"that":[51,118,163],"is":[52],"supported":[53],"by":[54],"two":[55,214],"game":[56],"servers":[57],"same":[60],"kind,":[61],"namely":[62],"one":[63,153],"United":[66],"States":[67],"America":[69],"(US)":[70],"another":[72],"Portugal":[74],"(PT).":[75],"Through":[76],"various":[78,95],"phases":[79],"thinking":[83],"process,":[84],"gamified":[86],"system":[87],"was":[88],"implemented":[89],"meet":[91],"needs":[93],"types":[96],"users":[98],"frequently":[99],"found":[100],"shops.":[103,180],"The":[104,140,160],"elements":[106],"used":[107],"were":[108,151],"intended":[109],"increase":[111,174,193],"user":[112,146,215],"with":[114,171,230],"shops":[116],"so":[117],"they":[119],"would":[120],"become":[121],"more":[122],"aware":[123],"existing":[125],"products":[126],"introduction":[129],"new":[131],"products,":[132],"promoting":[133],"purchase":[134],"through":[135],"intangible":[136,228],"challenges":[137],"rewards.":[139],"impacts":[141],"on":[142,169],"server":[143],"revenues":[144],"satisfaction":[147],"(N":[148],"=":[149],"138)":[150],"evaluated":[152],"month":[154],"after":[155],"techniques.":[159],"results":[161,189],"show":[162,190,225],"positive":[167],"effect":[168],"users,":[170],"significant":[173,206],"interaction":[177],"both":[179,240],"However,":[181],"from":[182],"business":[184],"point":[185],"view,":[187],"only":[191,218],"revenue":[195],"for":[196,239],"US":[198,223],"shop,":[199],"while":[200],"Portuguese":[202],"shows":[204],"no":[205],"differences":[207],"compared":[208],"previous":[210],"months.":[211],"Of":[212],"groups":[216],"analyzed,":[217],"those":[219],"who":[220],"frequent":[221],"receptivity":[226],"toward":[227],"rewards,":[229],"tangible":[231],"rewards":[232],"(discounts)":[233],"being":[234],"greater":[236],"motivating":[237],"factor":[238],"groups.":[241]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-01-23T23:20:30.427331","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}