{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2929881555","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21040374","title":"Saliency Detection Based on the Combination of High-Level Knowledge and Low-Level Cues in Foggy Images","display_name":"Saliency Detection Based on the Combination of High-Level Knowledge and Low-Level Cues in Foggy Images","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-04-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2929881555","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21040374","mag":"2929881555","pmid":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33267088"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21040374","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21040374","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/4/374/pdf?version=1555579808","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj","pubmed"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/4/374/pdf?version=1555579808","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5109638401","display_name":"Xin Zhu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43922553","display_name":"Wuhan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00e4hrk88","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin Zhu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100696102","display_name":"Xin Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0748-3669"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I183067930","display_name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University","ror":"https://ror.org/0220qvk04","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43922553","display_name":"Wuhan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00e4hrk88","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Xin Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Real-time Industrial System, Wuhan 430065, China","School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China","School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Intelligent Information Processing and Real-time Industrial System, Wuhan 430065, China","institution_ids":[]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Electronic Information and Electrical Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5055218366","display_name":"Nan Mu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0476-7500"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I43922553","display_name":"Wuhan University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/00e4hrk88","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Nan Mu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I43922553"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100696102"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I183067930","https://openalex.org/I43922553"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2227},"fwci":1.1364,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":17,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.78745868,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"21","issue":"4","first_page":"374","last_page":"374"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11605","display_name":"Visual Attention and Saliency Detection","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11019","display_name":"Image Enhancement Techniques","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1707","display_name":"Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11659","display_name":"Advanced Image Fusion Techniques","score":0.9889000058174133,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2214","display_name":"Media Technology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.8236433267593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-vision","display_name":"Computer vision","score":0.7187025547027588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.7139390110969543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pattern-recognition","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","score":0.5593652725219727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/contrast","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","score":0.517660915851593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/kadir\u2013brady-saliency-detector","display_name":"Kadir\u2013Brady saliency detector","score":0.49205344915390015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/object-detection","display_name":"Object detection","score":0.4698953330516815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/salient","display_name":"Salient","score":0.4669552743434906}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.8236433267593384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31972630","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q844240","display_name":"Computer vision","level":1,"score":0.7187025547027588},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.7139390110969543},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153180895","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7148389","display_name":"Pattern recognition (psychology)","level":2,"score":0.5593652725219727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776502983","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q690182","display_name":"Contrast (vision)","level":2,"score":0.517660915851593},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202227193","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6345568","display_name":"Kadir\u2013Brady saliency detector","level":4,"score":0.49205344915390015},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776151529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3045304","display_name":"Object detection","level":3,"score":0.4698953330516815},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780719617","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1030752","display_name":"Salient","level":2,"score":0.4669552743434906}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":5,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21040374","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21040374","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/4/374/pdf?version=1555579808","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmid:33267088","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33267088","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306525036","display_name":"PubMed","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)","raw_type":null},{"id":"pmh:oai:pubmedcentral.nih.gov:7514858","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/7514858","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S2764455111","display_name":"PubMed Central","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I1299303238","host_organization_name":"National Institutes of Health","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1299303238"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy (Basel)","raw_type":"Text"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bfe71b9cdc254a8b9717774eb6ea7849","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bfe71b9cdc254a8b9717774eb6ea7849","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy, Vol 21, Iss 4, p 374 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1099-4300/21/4/374/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e21040374","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/e21040374","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/e21040374","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1099-4300/21/4/374/pdf?version=1555579808","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S195231649","display_name":"Entropy","issn_l":"1099-4300","issn":["1099-4300"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Entropy","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7346091510","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"61602349","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7354323746","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1803262, 61602349, and 61440016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8029794384","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"and 61440016","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8570679527","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"U1803262","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2929881555.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W845365781","https://openalex.org/W1686810756","https://openalex.org/W1745334888","https://openalex.org/W1897243830","https://openalex.org/W1903029394","https://openalex.org/W1918837316","https://openalex.org/W1963816830","https://openalex.org/W1970697556","https://openalex.org/W1971693194","https://openalex.org/W1974083340","https://openalex.org/W1976047850","https://openalex.org/W1992841843","https://openalex.org/W1996031228","https://openalex.org/W2002574940","https://openalex.org/W2028990532","https://openalex.org/W2037328649","https://openalex.org/W2037954058","https://openalex.org/W2039313011","https://openalex.org/W2041719651","https://openalex.org/W2047670868","https://openalex.org/W2095130919","https://openalex.org/W2099383800","https://openalex.org/W2100470808","https://openalex.org/W2109616376","https://openalex.org/W2113367661","https://openalex.org/W2113808907","https://openalex.org/W2114867966","https://openalex.org/W2118246710","https://openalex.org/W2121880036","https://openalex.org/W2122076510","https://openalex.org/W2123094559","https://openalex.org/W2128254161","https://openalex.org/W2128272608","https://openalex.org/W2145023731","https://openalex.org/W2146103513","https://openalex.org/W2152233525","https://openalex.org/W2159040314","https://openalex.org/W2167474469","https://openalex.org/W2169447236","https://openalex.org/W2170869852","https://openalex.org/W2201780148","https://openalex.org/W2296040439","https://openalex.org/W2300687442","https://openalex.org/W2331427273","https://openalex.org/W2346506533","https://openalex.org/W2397798092","https://openalex.org/W2472495219","https://openalex.org/W2560622558","https://openalex.org/W2588600710","https://openalex.org/W2591665690","https://openalex.org/W2767420414","https://openalex.org/W2950891598","https://openalex.org/W2952856735","https://openalex.org/W3215985143","https://openalex.org/W4213078714","https://openalex.org/W4239147634","https://openalex.org/W4241071816","https://openalex.org/W6639624585","https://openalex.org/W6676391317","https://openalex.org/W6804309128"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1510463930","https://openalex.org/W1981354176","https://openalex.org/W2351778949","https://openalex.org/W2381059340","https://openalex.org/W1966025376","https://openalex.org/W2145475630","https://openalex.org/W2585171544","https://openalex.org/W1967391339","https://openalex.org/W2082401147","https://openalex.org/W2808275385"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"key":[1],"issue":[2],"in":[3,10,73],"saliency":[4,67,119,150,163,226],"detection":[5,68,84,88],"of":[6,52,58,81,112,121,138,155,165,183,200,215],"the":[7,11,21,27,32,39,50,53,74,98,110,124,134,146,153,156,162,166,181,184,198,201,208,213,219],"foggy":[8],"images":[9],"wild":[12],"for":[13,70],"human":[14,71],"tracking":[15,72],"is":[16,30,36,89,127,142,159,170,194,221],"how":[17],"to":[18,48,144,179,196],"effectively":[19],"define":[20],"less":[22],"obvious":[23],"salient":[24,59,86,113,202],"objects,":[25,114],"and":[26,34,55,85,115,133,161,186,218],"leading":[28],"cause":[29],"that":[31,207],"contrast":[33,154],"resolution":[35],"reduced":[37],"by":[38],"light":[40],"scattering":[41],"through":[42],"fog":[43,54,216],"particles.":[44],"In":[45,76],"this":[46],"paper,":[47],"suppress":[49],"interference":[51],"acquire":[56],"boundaries":[57],"objects":[60],"more":[61,101],"precisely,":[62],"we":[63],"present":[64],"a":[65,79,189],"novel":[66],"method":[69],"wild.":[75],"our":[77],"method,":[78],"combination":[80],"object":[82,87,99,104],"contour":[83,105,199],"introduced.":[90],"The":[91],"proposed":[92],"model":[93,193,210],"can":[94,211],"not":[95],"only":[96],"maintain":[97],"edge":[100],"precisely":[102],"via":[103],"detection,":[106],"but":[107],"also":[108],"ensure":[109],"integrity":[111],"finally":[116],"obtain":[117,145],"accurate":[118],"maps":[120],"objects.":[122,203],"Firstly,":[123],"input":[125],"image":[126],"transformed":[128],"into":[129],"HSV":[130],"color":[131,140],"space,":[132],"amplitude":[135],"spectrum":[136],"(AS)":[137],"each":[139],"channel":[141],"adjusted":[143],"frequency":[147],"domain":[148,168],"(FD)":[149],"map.":[151],"Then,":[152],"local-global":[157],"superpixel":[158],"calculated,":[160],"map":[164],"spatial":[167],"(SD)":[169],"obtained.":[171],"We":[172],"use":[173],"Discrete":[174],"Stationary":[175],"Wavelet":[176],"Transform":[177],"(DSWT)":[178],"fuse":[180],"cues":[182],"FD":[185],"SD.":[187],"Finally,":[188],"fully":[190],"convolutional":[191],"encoder-decoder":[192],"utilized":[195],"refine":[197],"Experimental":[204],"results":[205],"demonstrate":[206],"presented":[209],"remove":[212],"influence":[214],"efficiently,":[217],"performance":[220],"better":[222],"than":[223],"16":[224],"state-of-the-art":[225],"models.":[227]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":5}],"updated_date":"2026-08-11T07:18:39.950985","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}