{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4318480506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data8020029","title":"Retinal Fundus Multi-Disease Image Dataset (RFMiD) 2.0: A Dataset of Frequently and Rarely Identified Diseases","display_name":"Retinal Fundus Multi-Disease Image Dataset (RFMiD) 2.0: A Dataset of Frequently and Rarely Identified Diseases","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-01-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4318480506","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data8020029"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/data8020029","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data8020029","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/8/2/29/pdf?version=1676879198","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226510","display_name":"Data","issn_l":"2306-5729","issn":["2306-5729"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/8/2/29/pdf?version=1676879198","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5028573094","display_name":"Sachin Panchal","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9162-8324"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Sachin Panchal","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence in Signal and Image Processing, Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering and Technology, Nanded 431606, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9162-8324","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence in Signal and Image Processing, Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering and Technology, Nanded 431606, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5053015278","display_name":"Ankita Naik","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2370-4057"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ankita Naik","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence in Signal and Image Processing, Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering and Technology, Nanded 431606, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2370-4057","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence in Signal and Image Processing, Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering and Technology, Nanded 431606, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5026124738","display_name":"Manesh Kokare","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6947-4090"},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Manesh Kokare","raw_affiliation_strings":["Center of Excellence in Signal and Image Processing, Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering and Technology, Nanded 431606, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6947-4090","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Center of Excellence in Signal and Image Processing, Shri Guru Gobind Singhji Institute of Engineering and Technology, Nanded 431606, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073053835","display_name":"Samiksha Pachade","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5226-6706"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I919571938","display_name":"The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston","ror":"https://ror.org/03gds6c39","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samiksha Pachade","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 7000 Fannin St Suite 600, Houston, TX 77030, USA"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5226-6706","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Biomedical Informatics, The University of Texas Health Science Center, 7000 Fannin St Suite 600, Houston, TX 77030, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I919571938"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038151109","display_name":"Rushikesh Naigaonkar","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rushikesh Naigaonkar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Shri Ganapati Netralaya State of Art Eye Care Hospital, Jalna 431203, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Shri Ganapati Netralaya State of Art Eye Care Hospital, Jalna 431203, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5038739367","display_name":"Prerana Phadnis","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Prerana Phadnis","raw_affiliation_strings":["Lions Eye Hospital, Nanded 431603, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Lions Eye Hospital, Nanded 431603, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5090410512","display_name":"Archana Bhange","orcid":null},"institutions":[],"countries":[],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Archana Bhange","raw_affiliation_strings":["Keya Eye Clinic, Pune 411062, Maharashtra, India"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Keya Eye Clinic, Pune 411062, Maharashtra, India","institution_ids":[]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5026124738","https://openalex.org/A5028573094"],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":9.8412,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":44,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.986393,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":96,"max":100},"biblio":{"volume":"8","issue":"2","first_page":"29","last_page":"29"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11438","display_name":"Retinal Imaging and Analysis","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2741","display_name":"Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and Imaging"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12599","display_name":"Retinal and Optic Conditions","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10170","display_name":"Retinal Diseases and Treatments","score":0.9977999925613403,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2731","display_name":"Ophthalmology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fundus","display_name":"Fundus (uterus)","score":0.7654274702072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cataracts","display_name":"Cataracts","score":0.6575096249580383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optometry","display_name":"Optometry","score":0.6480505466461182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetic-retinopathy","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","score":0.5887300372123718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/retinal","display_name":"Retinal","score":0.5499436855316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/glaucoma","display_name":"Glaucoma","score":0.5424684882164001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.5193966031074524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/macular-degeneration","display_name":"Macular degeneration","score":0.49631792306900024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ophthalmology","display_name":"Ophthalmology","score":0.4936550557613373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.4910554885864258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.480701744556427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4711320102214813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pathology","display_name":"Pathology","score":0.15550291538238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","score":0.08880147337913513}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776391266","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9612","display_name":"Fundus (uterus)","level":2,"score":0.7654274702072144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780225610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q127724","display_name":"Cataracts","level":2,"score":0.6575096249580383},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119767625","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q618211","display_name":"Optometry","level":1,"score":0.6480505466461182},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779829184","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q631361","display_name":"Diabetic retinopathy","level":3,"score":0.5887300372123718},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780827179","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422001","display_name":"Retinal","level":2,"score":0.5499436855316162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778527774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q159701","display_name":"Glaucoma","level":2,"score":0.5424684882164001},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.5193966031074524},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776403814","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q27429789","display_name":"Macular degeneration","level":2,"score":0.49631792306900024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118487528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161437","display_name":"Ophthalmology","level":1,"score":0.4936550557613373},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.4910554885864258},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.480701744556427},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4711320102214813},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.15550291538238525},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.08880147337913513},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":4,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/data8020029","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data8020029","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/8/2/29/pdf?version=1676879198","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226510","display_name":"Data","issn_l":"2306-5729","issn":["2306-5729"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:RePEc:gam:jdataj:v:8:y:2023:i:2:p:29-:d:1049386","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/8/2/29/","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401271","display_name":"RePEc: Research Papers in Economics","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I77793887","host_organization_name":"Federal Reserve Bank of St. Louis","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I77793887"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":null,"raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9e0ac4390b7e4d2191240acf99c071d7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9e0ac4390b7e4d2191240acf99c071d7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Data, Vol 8, Iss 2, p 29 (2023)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2306-5729/8/2/29/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/data8020029","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Data; Volume 8; Issue 2; Pages: 29","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/data8020029","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/data8020029","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2306-5729/8/2/29/pdf?version=1676879198","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210226510","display_name":"Data","issn_l":"2306-5729","issn":["2306-5729"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Data","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","score":0.4000000059604645}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320307855","display_name":"World Bank Group","ror":"https://ror.org/00ae7jd04"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4318480506.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":60,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W158938192","https://openalex.org/W1259267588","https://openalex.org/W1872507226","https://openalex.org/W1971468757","https://openalex.org/W1973890791","https://openalex.org/W1978704499","https://openalex.org/W1987901145","https://openalex.org/W1994391885","https://openalex.org/W2004086221","https://openalex.org/W2017416182","https://openalex.org/W2023260945","https://openalex.org/W2049184890","https://openalex.org/W2050409093","https://openalex.org/W2051901093","https://openalex.org/W2061831306","https://openalex.org/W2062251439","https://openalex.org/W2062844584","https://openalex.org/W2078789324","https://openalex.org/W2080528366","https://openalex.org/W2081093511","https://openalex.org/W2124521298","https://openalex.org/W2228041757","https://openalex.org/W2317111303","https://openalex.org/W2486758514","https://openalex.org/W2512450393","https://openalex.org/W2588817033","https://openalex.org/W2626131839","https://openalex.org/W2741424537","https://openalex.org/W2782786515","https://openalex.org/W2785933479","https://openalex.org/W2809489644","https://openalex.org/W2887113834","https://openalex.org/W2891074372","https://openalex.org/W2999853165","https://openalex.org/W3006261855","https://openalex.org/W3007146291","https://openalex.org/W3013772641","https://openalex.org/W3093110071","https://openalex.org/W3106715538","https://openalex.org/W3109495579","https://openalex.org/W3128220181","https://openalex.org/W3134067449","https://openalex.org/W3156287046","https://openalex.org/W3163249714","https://openalex.org/W3174151142","https://openalex.org/W3178968800","https://openalex.org/W3188379877","https://openalex.org/W3190658604","https://openalex.org/W3191934798","https://openalex.org/W3204203484","https://openalex.org/W3208779989","https://openalex.org/W3214695325","https://openalex.org/W4247368571","https://openalex.org/W4256101427","https://openalex.org/W4309076162","https://openalex.org/W4401982563","https://openalex.org/W6606404972","https://openalex.org/W6628137266","https://openalex.org/W6662761768","https://openalex.org/W6785967861"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1471234038","https://openalex.org/W1979866946","https://openalex.org/W3126370960","https://openalex.org/W4283697617","https://openalex.org/W98850343","https://openalex.org/W2389992031","https://openalex.org/W47848033","https://openalex.org/W2389548857","https://openalex.org/W2040583314","https://openalex.org/W1582280960"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Irreversible":[0],"vision":[1],"loss":[2],"is":[3,17,47,118,168],"a":[4,8,92,119,127],"worldwide":[5],"threat.":[6],"Developing":[7],"computer-aided":[9],"diagnosis":[10],"system":[11],"to":[12,22,58,170],"detect":[13],"retinal":[14,52,109],"fundus":[15,53,110],"diseases":[16,43],"extremely":[18],"useful":[19],"and":[20,27,70,117,132,141,184],"serviceable":[21],"ophthalmologists.":[23],"Early":[24],"detection,":[25],"diagnosis,":[26],"correct":[28],"treatment":[29],"could":[30],"save":[31],"the":[32,75,85,96,149,156,171,182],"eye\u2019s":[33],"vision.":[34],"Nevertheless,":[35],"an":[36],"eye":[37,115,143],"may":[38],"be":[39,56,148,179],"afflicted":[40],"with":[41,161],"several":[42],"if":[44],"proper":[45],"care":[46],"not":[48],"taken.":[49],"A":[50],"single":[51],"image":[54],"might":[55],"linked":[57],"one":[59],"or":[60],"more":[61],"diseases.":[62,165],"Age-related":[63],"macular":[64],"degeneration,":[65],"cataracts,":[66],"diabetic":[67],"retinopathy,":[68],"Glaucoma,":[69],"uncorrected":[71],"refractive":[72],"errors":[73],"are":[74],"leading":[76],"causes":[77],"of":[78,87,155,186],"visual":[79],"impairment.":[80],"Our":[81,145],"research":[82,128,183],"team":[83],"at":[84],"center":[86],"excellence":[88],"lab":[89],"has":[90],"generated":[91],"new":[93],"dataset":[94,105,146,153,167,177],"called":[95],"Retinal":[97],"Fundus":[98],"Multi-Disease":[99],"Image":[100],"Dataset":[101],"2.0":[102],"(RFMiD2.0).":[103],"This":[104,166,176],"includes":[106],"around":[107],"860":[108],"images,":[111],"annotated":[112],"by":[113],"three":[114],"specialists,":[116],"multiclass,":[120],"multilabel":[121],"dataset.":[122,175],"We":[123],"gathered":[124],"images":[125],"from":[126],"facility":[129],"in":[130,189],"Jalna":[131],"Nanded,":[133],"where":[134],"patients":[135],"across":[136],"Maharashtra":[137],"come":[138],"for":[139,181],"preventative":[140],"therapeutic":[142],"care.":[144],"would":[147,178],"second":[150],"publicly":[151],"available":[152],"consisting":[154],"most":[157],"frequent":[158],"diseases,":[159],"along":[160],"some":[162],"rarely":[163],"identified":[164],"auxiliary":[169],"previously":[172],"published":[173],"RFMiD":[174],"significant":[180],"development":[185],"artificial":[187],"intelligence":[188],"ophthalmology.":[190]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":8},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":18},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":15},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2025-12-22T23:10:17.713674","created_date":"2023-01-30T00:00:00"}
