{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4411063302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a18060348","title":"Numerical and Theoretical Treatments of the Optimal Control Model for the Interaction Between Diabetes and Tuberculosis","display_name":"Numerical and Theoretical Treatments of the Optimal Control Model for the Interaction Between Diabetes and Tuberculosis","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-06-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4411063302","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a18060348"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a18060348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a18060348","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a18060348","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5114150135","display_name":"Saburi Rasheed","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0006-2422-5759"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79516672","display_name":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/01x8rc503","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799628689","https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Saburi Rasheed","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5004205634","display_name":"Olaniyi S. Iyiola","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9429-4975"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I83909951","display_name":"Morgan State University","ror":"https://ror.org/017d8gk22","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I83909951"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Olaniyi S. Iyiola","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, Morgan State University, Baltimore, MD 21251, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I83909951"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5013818322","display_name":"Segun I. Oke","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4987-6287"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I176692203","display_name":"Alabama Agricultural and Mechanical University","ror":"https://ror.org/05hz8m414","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I176692203"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Segun I. Oke","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics, Alabama A&M University, Huntsville, AL 35811, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physics, Chemistry and Mathematics, Alabama A&M University, Huntsville, AL 35811, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I176692203"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5075689698","display_name":"Bruce A. Wade","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5802-5847"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I79516672","display_name":"University of Louisiana at Lafayette","ror":"https://ror.org/01x8rc503","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2799628689","https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bruce A. Wade","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Mathematics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Mathematics, University of Louisiana at Lafayette, Lafayette, LA 70504, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79516672"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5114150135"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I79516672"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":4.0977,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":2,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.93318269,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"18","issue":"6","first_page":"348","last_page":"348"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10482","display_name":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10482","display_name":"Mathematical and Theoretical Epidemiology and Ecology Models","score":0.9878000020980835,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2739","display_name":"Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11337","display_name":"Tryptophan and brain disorders","score":0.965499997138977,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2803","display_name":"Biological Psychiatry"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/28","display_name":"Neuroscience"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11829","display_name":"Mathematical Biology Tumor Growth","score":0.9445000290870667,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2611","display_name":"Modeling and Simulation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/26","display_name":"Mathematics"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis","display_name":"Tuberculosis","score":0.6257021427154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/diabetes-mellitus","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","score":0.616514265537262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control","display_name":"Control (management)","score":0.46964213252067566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tuberculosis-control","display_name":"Tuberculosis control","score":0.44809016585350037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.4126031994819641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.39570826292037964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-mathematics","display_name":"Applied mathematics","score":0.38890063762664795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.36690229177474976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.3664241135120392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.324779748916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/endocrinology","display_name":"Endocrinology","score":0.1339564025402069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.11377206444740295}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2781069245","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12204","display_name":"Tuberculosis","level":2,"score":0.6257021427154541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C555293320","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12206","display_name":"Diabetes mellitus","level":2,"score":0.616514265537262},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.46964213252067566},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018038924","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1189184","display_name":"Tuberculosis control","level":3,"score":0.44809016585350037},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.4126031994819641},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.39570826292037964},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28826006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q33521","display_name":"Applied mathematics","level":1,"score":0.38890063762664795},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.36690229177474976},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.3664241135120392},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.324779748916626},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134018914","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q162606","display_name":"Endocrinology","level":1,"score":0.1339564025402069},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.11377206444740295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a18060348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a18060348","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:09f8011ce8534a73992e8c18f6df1672","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/09f8011ce8534a73992e8c18f6df1672","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 18, Iss 6, p 348 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a18060348","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a18060348","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":45,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W231975775","https://openalex.org/W1587799944","https://openalex.org/W1976358680","https://openalex.org/W1989942127","https://openalex.org/W1991038590","https://openalex.org/W2043419050","https://openalex.org/W2064617424","https://openalex.org/W2110854216","https://openalex.org/W2112680994","https://openalex.org/W2117986945","https://openalex.org/W2127707928","https://openalex.org/W2166343059","https://openalex.org/W2320995836","https://openalex.org/W2412903870","https://openalex.org/W2767957198","https://openalex.org/W2790268520","https://openalex.org/W2793150109","https://openalex.org/W2973204085","https://openalex.org/W2981032436","https://openalex.org/W3005990500","https://openalex.org/W3024191257","https://openalex.org/W3113102634","https://openalex.org/W3120177707","https://openalex.org/W3135807465","https://openalex.org/W3137832082","https://openalex.org/W3142779614","https://openalex.org/W3215387680","https://openalex.org/W4210768514","https://openalex.org/W4211174245","https://openalex.org/W4241371164","https://openalex.org/W4241626997","https://openalex.org/W4247836593","https://openalex.org/W4283331492","https://openalex.org/W4292156591","https://openalex.org/W4318764192","https://openalex.org/W4366982522","https://openalex.org/W4376641042","https://openalex.org/W4385724001","https://openalex.org/W4394855873","https://openalex.org/W4406434089","https://openalex.org/W4410352335","https://openalex.org/W6609446832","https://openalex.org/W6699850165","https://openalex.org/W6745722964","https://openalex.org/W6791549493"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W1955737261","https://openalex.org/W2775573077","https://openalex.org/W2765354416","https://openalex.org/W2388316913","https://openalex.org/W2372913373","https://openalex.org/W2377992753","https://openalex.org/W2352278922","https://openalex.org/W2042502417","https://openalex.org/W2544309712","https://openalex.org/W4236264853"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"We":[0],"primarily":[1],"focus":[2],"on":[3],"the":[4,28,56,61,65,76,82,90,94,100,108,142],"formulation,":[5],"theoretical,":[6],"and":[7,18,33,51,85,112,131],"numerical":[8],"analyses":[9],"of":[10,31,46,60,64,102,110,135],"a":[11,22,117],"non-autonomous":[12],"model":[13,38,70],"for":[14],"tuberculosis":[15,32,91,111,129,139],"(TB)":[16],"prevention":[17],"control":[19,42,68,78,84],"programs":[20],"in":[21,93],"population":[23],"where":[24],"individuals":[25,48,126,136],"suffering":[26],"from":[27],"double":[29],"trouble":[30],"diabetes":[34,113],"are":[35],"present.":[36],"The":[37],"incorporates":[39],"four":[40],"time-dependent":[41],"functions,":[43],"saturated":[44,52,122],"treatment":[45,118,123,134],"non-infectious":[47,125],"harboring":[49],"tuberculosis,":[50],"incidence":[53],"rate.":[54],"Furthermore,":[55],"basic":[57],"reproduction":[58],"number":[59],"autonomous":[62],"form":[63],"proposed":[66,83],"optimal":[67,143],"mathematical":[69],"is":[71,141],"calculated.":[72],"Sensitivity":[73],"indexes":[74],"regarding":[75],"constant":[77],"parameters":[79],"reveal":[80],"that":[81,99,104,120],"preventive":[86],"measures":[87],"will":[88],"reduce":[89],"burden":[92],"population.":[95],"This":[96],"study":[97],"establishes":[98],"combination":[101],"campaigns":[103],"teach":[105],"people":[106],"how":[107],"development":[109],"can":[114],"be":[115],"prevented,":[116],"strategy":[119,144],"provides":[121],"to":[124,128,145],"exposed":[127],"infections,":[130],"prompt":[132],"effective":[133],"infected":[137],"with":[138],"disease":[140],"achieve":[146],"zero":[147],"TB":[148],"by":[149],"2035.":[150]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-03-13T16:22:10.518609","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}