{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2918672235","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a12030055","title":"Depth Optimization Analysis of Articulated Steering Hinge Position Based on Genetic Algorithm","display_name":"Depth Optimization Analysis of Articulated Steering Hinge Position Based on Genetic Algorithm","publication_year":2019,"publication_date":"2019-03-05","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2918672235","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a12030055","mag":"2918672235"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a12030055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a12030055","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/12/3/55/pdf?version=1551779785","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/12/3/55/pdf?version=1551779785","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5108674803","display_name":"Bingwei Cao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Bing-wei Cao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101869747","display_name":"Xinhui Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8946-9427"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xin-hui Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101559705","display_name":"Wei Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6302-0840"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Wei Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100419797","display_name":"Yong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4308-6487"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016226762","display_name":"Aimin Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3687-4378"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Ai-min Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130022, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5101559705"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"],"apc_list":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"apc_paid":{"value":1400,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1515},"fwci":1.1349,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.79585105,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"3","first_page":"55","last_page":"55"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10805","display_name":"Vehicle Dynamics and Control Systems","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10805","display_name":"Vehicle Dynamics and Control Systems","score":0.996999979019165,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2203","display_name":"Automotive Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11978","display_name":"Soil Mechanics and Vehicle Dynamics","score":0.9958999752998352,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2205","display_name":"Civil and Structural Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12907","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering and Vibrations Research","score":0.995199978351593,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2210","display_name":"Mechanical Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/loader","display_name":"Loader","score":0.6113511323928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/position","display_name":"Position (finance)","score":0.6101527214050293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hinge","display_name":"Hinge","score":0.560846745967865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cylinder","display_name":"Cylinder","score":0.5497177839279175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steering-wheel","display_name":"Steering wheel","score":0.5444321632385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/control-theory","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","score":0.5111468434333801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetic-algorithm","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","score":0.4850398898124695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/steering-linkage","display_name":"Steering linkage","score":0.4833242893218994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanism","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","score":0.4751736521720886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.4506835341453552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/correctness","display_name":"Correctness","score":0.4253767728805542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.418592244386673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/algorithm","display_name":"Algorithm","score":0.3894485831260681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geometry","display_name":"Geometry","score":0.2425684928894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.20268675684928894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.20225632190704346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mechanical-engineering","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","score":0.20136499404907227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematical-optimization","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","score":0.13938173651695251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torque-steering","display_name":"Torque steering","score":0.13071665167808533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.09136325120925903}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779041774","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q650550","display_name":"Loader","level":2,"score":0.6113511323928833},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C198082294","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3399648","display_name":"Position (finance)","level":2,"score":0.6101527214050293},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C44000306","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q244330","display_name":"Hinge","level":2,"score":0.560846745967865},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C203311528","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34132","display_name":"Cylinder","level":2,"score":0.5497177839279175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780354894","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q679300","display_name":"Steering wheel","level":2,"score":0.5444321632385254},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47446073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5165890","display_name":"Control theory (sociology)","level":3,"score":0.5111468434333801},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C8880873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187787","display_name":"Genetic algorithm","level":2,"score":0.4850398898124695},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C106625973","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16927051","display_name":"Steering linkage","level":4,"score":0.4833242893218994},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.4751736521720886},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.4506835341453552},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55439883","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q360812","display_name":"Correctness","level":2,"score":0.4253767728805542},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.418592244386673},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C11413529","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8366","display_name":"Algorithm","level":1,"score":0.3894485831260681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.2425684928894043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.20268675684928894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.20225632190704346},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78519656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q101333","display_name":"Mechanical engineering","level":1,"score":0.20136499404907227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126255220","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141495","display_name":"Mathematical optimization","level":1,"score":0.13938173651695251},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80932167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7826801","display_name":"Torque steering","level":3,"score":0.13071665167808533},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.09136325120925903},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2775924081","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q55608371","display_name":"Control (management)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10138342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43015","display_name":"Finance","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/a12030055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a12030055","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/12/3/55/pdf?version=1551779785","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:6f200bccec4640ce9bed959cfd482268","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/6f200bccec4640ce9bed959cfd482268","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms, Vol 12, Iss 3, p 55 (2019)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/1999-4893/12/3/55/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/a12030055","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/a12030055","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/a12030055","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/1999-4893/12/3/55/pdf?version=1551779785","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190629608","display_name":"Algorithms","issn_l":"1999-4893","issn":["1999-4893"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Algorithms","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2918672235.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2918672235.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":16,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W587699177","https://openalex.org/W1650561570","https://openalex.org/W1989564904","https://openalex.org/W1991787316","https://openalex.org/W2058380152","https://openalex.org/W2366553831","https://openalex.org/W2376951405","https://openalex.org/W2502390260","https://openalex.org/W2622508612","https://openalex.org/W2736572024","https://openalex.org/W2756500124","https://openalex.org/W2763992243","https://openalex.org/W2767390863","https://openalex.org/W6617319962","https://openalex.org/W6665019684","https://openalex.org/W6744079508"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2270823423","https://openalex.org/W2731552692","https://openalex.org/W2390129063","https://openalex.org/W2112671702","https://openalex.org/W1519603315","https://openalex.org/W2377208232","https://openalex.org/W929814723","https://openalex.org/W4313362262","https://openalex.org/W2392614369","https://openalex.org/W4294242108"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Articulated":[0],"steering":[1,13,18,43,51,67,102,141,226],"is":[2,22,53,115],"affected":[3],"by":[4,106,132,202],"the":[5,8,12,16,34,38,42,46,50,59,62,66,76,85,91,95,101,110,113,119,122,129,140,149,165,171,183,195,200,222,229],"position":[6],"of":[7,11,28,33,41,49,61,65,90,97,100,112,151,167,174,185,206,224],"articulated":[9,225],"points":[10,64],"cylinder.":[14],"When":[15],"two":[17],"cylinders":[19],"turn,":[20],"there":[21],"a":[23,218],"stroke":[24,77,92,155,210],"difference":[25,78,93,99,153,156,169,208,211],"and":[26,80,94,109,128,154,160,182,188,209],"arm":[27,96,150,166,184,205],"force":[29,98,152,168,186,207],"difference.":[30],"The":[31,88,135,177,204],"existence":[32],"above":[35],"differences":[36],"causes":[37],"pressure":[39,82,146,175,190],"fluctuation":[40],"system.":[44],"Firstly,":[45],"mathematical":[47,107],"model":[48],"mechanism":[52],"established":[54],"through":[55],"theoretical":[56],"analysis.":[57],"Then,":[58],"coordinates":[60],"hinge":[63],"cylinder":[68,81,103,189],"are":[69,104],"optimized":[70],"using":[71],"genetic":[72],"algorithm":[73],"(GA)":[74],"with":[75],"function":[79,83,179,187,191],"as":[84,194],"objective":[86,178,196],"functions.":[87],"curves":[89,137,157],"obtained":[105],"modeling,":[108],"correctness":[111],"GA":[114],"verified.":[116],"According":[117],"to":[118,198],"optimization":[120,201,213],"results,":[121],"wheel":[123],"loader":[124],"prototype":[125],"was":[126,162,170,180],"reconstructed,":[127],"reconstruction":[130],"verified":[131],"corresponding":[133],"sensors.":[134],"experimental":[136],"show":[138],"that":[139,164],"system":[142],"has":[143],"no":[144],"obvious":[145],"fluctuation.":[147,176],"Finally,":[148],"were":[158,192,214],"analyzed,":[159],"it":[161],"concluded":[163],"main":[172],"cause":[173],"improved,":[181],"taken":[193],"functions":[197],"continue":[199],"GA.":[203],"after":[212],"reduced,":[215],"which":[216],"provides":[217],"constructive":[219],"reference":[220],"for":[221],"design":[223],"systems":[227],"in":[228],"future.":[230]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}