{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2560286680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems5010009","title":"A Hierarchal Risk Assessment Model Using the Evidential Reasoning Rule","display_name":"A Hierarchal Risk Assessment Model Using the Evidential Reasoning Rule","publication_year":2017,"publication_date":"2017-02-06","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2560286680","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems5010009","mag":"2560286680"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems5010009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems5010009","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/5/1/9/pdf?version=1486547966","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/5/1/9/pdf?version=1486547966","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5058818827","display_name":"Xiaoxiao Ji","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0008-3446-9540"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoxiao Ji","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information System and Management, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information System and Management, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100722502","display_name":"Jiang Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3478-4224"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Jiang Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information System and Management, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information System and Management, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5086265495","display_name":"Jianbin Sun","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2020-5057"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I170215575","display_name":"National University of Defense Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/05d2yfz11","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jianbin Sun","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Information System and Management, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Information System and Management, National University of Defense Technology, Changsha 410073, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5002816626","display_name":"Yu\u2010Wang Chen","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2007-1821"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I28407311","display_name":"University of Manchester","ror":"https://ror.org/027m9bs27","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yu-Wang Chen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Alliance Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, Manchester M15 6PB, UK"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Alliance Manchester Business School, The University of Manchester, Manchester M15 6PB, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I28407311"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100722502"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I170215575"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.21,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.57120348,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":95},"biblio":{"volume":"5","issue":"1","first_page":"9","last_page":"9"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11357","display_name":"Risk and Safety Analysis","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1804","display_name":"Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10050","display_name":"Multi-Criteria Decision Making","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11622","display_name":"Maritime Navigation and Safety","score":0.989799976348877,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evidential-reasoning-approach","display_name":"Evidential reasoning approach","score":0.7544105052947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-assessment","display_name":"Risk assessment","score":0.6905965805053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.6299184560775757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/ranking","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","score":0.5932797789573669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/probabilistic-logic","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","score":0.5394307971000671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/key","display_name":"Key (lock)","score":0.5384964346885681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/representation","display_name":"Representation (politics)","score":0.49486058950424194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/expert-elicitation","display_name":"Expert elicitation","score":0.4899541437625885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hierarchy","display_name":"Hierarchy","score":0.46394726634025574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process","display_name":"Process (computing)","score":0.4380190372467041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.4003756642341614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/risk-analysis","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","score":0.38682273030281067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.31661850214004517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/decision-support-system","display_name":"Decision support system","score":0.21704760193824768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0944928228855133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business-decision-mapping","display_name":"Business decision mapping","score":0.0766761302947998}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C156201811","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5418360","display_name":"Evidential reasoning approach","level":4,"score":0.7544105052947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12174686","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1058438","display_name":"Risk assessment","level":2,"score":0.6905965805053711},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.6299184560775757},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C189430467","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7293293","display_name":"Ranking (information retrieval)","level":2,"score":0.5932797789573669},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49937458","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2599292","display_name":"Probabilistic logic","level":2,"score":0.5394307971000671},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26517878","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q228039","display_name":"Key (lock)","level":2,"score":0.5384964346885681},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776359362","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2145286","display_name":"Representation (politics)","level":3,"score":0.49486058950424194},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C72161134","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5421219","display_name":"Expert elicitation","level":2,"score":0.4899541437625885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31170391","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188619","display_name":"Hierarchy","level":2,"score":0.46394726634025574},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C98045186","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q205663","display_name":"Process (computing)","level":2,"score":0.4380190372467041},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.4003756642341614},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.38682273030281067},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.31661850214004517},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107327155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q330268","display_name":"Decision support system","level":2,"score":0.21704760193824768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0944928228855133},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97944126","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5001864","display_name":"Business decision mapping","level":3,"score":0.0766761302947998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105795698","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12483","display_name":"Statistics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199539241","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7748","display_name":"Law","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38652104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3510521","display_name":"Computer security","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C94625758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7163","display_name":"Politics","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C17744445","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q36442","display_name":"Political science","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111919701","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9135","display_name":"Operating system","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems5010009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems5010009","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/5/1/9/pdf?version=1486547966","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:3c75c5abf38d42ec8fb3ea71e7798aae","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/3c75c5abf38d42ec8fb3ea71e7798aae","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems, Vol 5, Iss 1, p 9 (2017)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2079-8954/5/1/9/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems5010009","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems; Volume 5; Issue 1; Pages: 9","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems5010009","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems5010009","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/5/1/9/pdf?version=1486547966","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/14","display_name":"Life below water","score":0.8600000143051147}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2560286680.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2560286680.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W59413458","https://openalex.org/W1030414202","https://openalex.org/W1512921847","https://openalex.org/W1583981513","https://openalex.org/W1962417172","https://openalex.org/W1972073558","https://openalex.org/W1973183520","https://openalex.org/W1982235682","https://openalex.org/W2001018938","https://openalex.org/W2021662179","https://openalex.org/W2048196003","https://openalex.org/W2049337423","https://openalex.org/W2062352770","https://openalex.org/W2069403107","https://openalex.org/W2081070775","https://openalex.org/W2104179665","https://openalex.org/W2109034551","https://openalex.org/W2120160105","https://openalex.org/W2120389747","https://openalex.org/W2147497776","https://openalex.org/W2165945438","https://openalex.org/W2170254000","https://openalex.org/W2184385594","https://openalex.org/W2489680406","https://openalex.org/W2585206336","https://openalex.org/W2904900506","https://openalex.org/W4234591421","https://openalex.org/W4246352385","https://openalex.org/W4298871328","https://openalex.org/W4301347335"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2299321182","https://openalex.org/W4226136204","https://openalex.org/W3215273203","https://openalex.org/W2365264209","https://openalex.org/W962203960","https://openalex.org/W2299549548","https://openalex.org/W2026999166","https://openalex.org/W1599954583","https://openalex.org/W1996802783","https://openalex.org/W2516333074"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"This":[0],"paper":[1],"aims":[2],"to":[3,34,122],"develop":[4],"a":[5,19,31],"hierarchical":[6,65,114],"risk":[7,66,74,115,134,145],"assessment":[8,67,75,96,116,135,146],"model":[9],"using":[10,98,109],"the":[11,35,38,43,59,64,99,132,140,143],"newly-developed":[12],"evidential":[13],"reasoning":[14,23],"(ER)":[15],"rule,":[16],"which":[17],"constitutes":[18],"generic":[20],"conjunctive":[21],"probabilistic":[22],"process.":[24],"In":[25],"this":[26],"paper,":[27],"we":[28,57],"first":[29],"provide":[30],"brief":[32],"introduction":[33],"basics":[36],"of":[37,62,73,79,87,95,107,136,142],"ER":[39,100],"rule":[40,101],"and":[41,47,54,82,90,102,105,125],"emphasize":[42],"strengths":[44],"for":[45],"representing":[46],"aggregating":[48],"uncertain":[49,126],"information":[50,91,97],"from":[51],"multiple":[52],"experts":[53],"sources.":[55],"Further,":[56],"discuss":[58],"key":[60],"steps":[61],"developing":[63],"framework":[68,117],"systematically,":[69],"including":[70],"(1)":[71],"formulation":[72],"hierarchy;":[76],"(2)":[77],"representation":[78],"both":[80],"qualitative":[81],"quantitative":[83],"information;":[84],"(3)":[85],"elicitation":[86],"attribute":[88],"weights":[89],"reliabilities;":[92],"(4)":[93],"aggregation":[94],"(5)":[103],"quantification":[104],"ranking":[106],"risks":[108],"utility-based":[110],"transformation.":[111],"The":[112],"proposed":[113,144],"can":[118],"potentially":[119],"be":[120],"implemented":[121],"various":[123],"complex":[124],"systems.":[127],"A":[128],"case":[129],"study":[130],"on":[131],"fire/explosion":[133],"marine":[137],"vessels":[138],"demonstrates":[139],"applicability":[141],"model.":[147]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2025-11-06T03:46:38.306776","created_date":"2016-12-16T00:00:00"}
