{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2237910238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems4010004","title":"Modeling Dynamic Decision-Making of Virtual Humans","display_name":"Modeling Dynamic Decision-Making of Virtual Humans","publication_year":2016,"publication_date":"2016-01-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2237910238","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems4010004","mag":"2237910238"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems4010004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems4010004","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/4/1/4/pdf?version=1452857738","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/4/1/4/pdf?version=1452857738","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5069376210","display_name":"Oliver Handel","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7493-3303"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I62916508","display_name":"Technical University of Munich","ror":"https://ror.org/02kkvpp62","country_code":"DE","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}],"countries":["DE"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Oliver Handel","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil, Geo and Environmental Engineering, Technical University Munich, Arcisstr. 21, Munich D-80290, Germany"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7493-3303","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil, Geo and Environmental Engineering, Technical University Munich, Arcisstr. 21, Munich D-80290, Germany","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5069376210"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I62916508"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":2.6106,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.89932795,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"4","issue":"1","first_page":"4","last_page":"4"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11810","display_name":"Complex Systems and Decision Making","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11810","display_name":"Complex Systems and Decision Making","score":0.9991999864578247,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/novelty","display_name":"Novelty","score":0.7146742939949036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/action","display_name":"Action (physics)","score":0.7104619741439819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.673234224319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/event","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","score":0.660003125667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6035727262496948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/action-selection","display_name":"Action selection","score":0.5663991570472717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/selection","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","score":0.5315843224525452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/population","display_name":"Population","score":0.4948057532310486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-decision-making","display_name":"Dynamic decision-making","score":0.427756667137146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.41263994574546814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/human\u2013computer-interaction","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","score":0.3898007869720459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-science","display_name":"Data science","score":0.34089136123657227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.16432946920394897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.12287747859954834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sociology","display_name":"Sociology","score":0.08956152200698853}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778738651","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16546687","display_name":"Novelty","level":2,"score":0.7146742939949036},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780791683","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q846785","display_name":"Action (physics)","level":2,"score":0.7104619741439819},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.673234224319458},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779662365","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5416694","display_name":"Event (particle physics)","level":2,"score":0.660003125667572},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6035727262496948},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166109690","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4677422","display_name":"Action selection","level":3,"score":0.5663991570472717},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C81917197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q628760","display_name":"Selection (genetic algorithm)","level":2,"score":0.5315843224525452},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2908647359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2625603","display_name":"Population","level":2,"score":0.4948057532310486},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C174988536","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5318965","display_name":"Dynamic decision-making","level":2,"score":0.427756667137146},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.41263994574546814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107457646","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207434","display_name":"Human\u2013computer interaction","level":1,"score":0.3898007869720459},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2522767166","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2374463","display_name":"Data science","level":1,"score":0.34089136123657227},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.16432946920394897},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.12287747859954834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.08956152200698853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C149923435","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37732","display_name":"Demography","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems4010004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems4010004","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/4/1/4/pdf?version=1452857738","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:c6db9a0f98174519845cce86931c521a","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/c6db9a0f98174519845cce86931c521a","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems, Vol 4, Iss 1, p 4 (2016)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2079-8954/4/1/4/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems4010004","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems; Volume 4; Issue 1; Pages: 4","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems4010004","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems4010004","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/4/1/4/pdf?version=1452857738","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/11","display_name":"Sustainable cities and communities","score":0.6000000238418579}],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321114","display_name":"Bundesministerium f\u00fcr Bildung und Forschung","ror":"https://ror.org/04pz7b180"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2237910238.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2237910238.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":65,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W306668639","https://openalex.org/W1480593555","https://openalex.org/W1501627346","https://openalex.org/W1600549204","https://openalex.org/W1831214525","https://openalex.org/W1856483690","https://openalex.org/W1965499304","https://openalex.org/W1966486805","https://openalex.org/W1971761040","https://openalex.org/W1972664836","https://openalex.org/W1976819053","https://openalex.org/W1990203952","https://openalex.org/W1991642024","https://openalex.org/W2001498147","https://openalex.org/W2010540393","https://openalex.org/W2021477991","https://openalex.org/W2022469586","https://openalex.org/W2022640251","https://openalex.org/W2027920176","https://openalex.org/W2029465969","https://openalex.org/W2033655056","https://openalex.org/W2036090452","https://openalex.org/W2039065027","https://openalex.org/W2041756552","https://openalex.org/W2042592697","https://openalex.org/W2059238825","https://openalex.org/W2064768758","https://openalex.org/W2066334004","https://openalex.org/W2071383179","https://openalex.org/W2071478538","https://openalex.org/W2071492657","https://openalex.org/W2074035499","https://openalex.org/W2074599623","https://openalex.org/W2078880612","https://openalex.org/W2090254030","https://openalex.org/W2093526572","https://openalex.org/W2096130600","https://openalex.org/W2108314197","https://openalex.org/W2115714947","https://openalex.org/W2120473849","https://openalex.org/W2122335290","https://openalex.org/W2129784302","https://openalex.org/W2134805717","https://openalex.org/W2151292188","https://openalex.org/W2154376416","https://openalex.org/W2167052694","https://openalex.org/W2234200704","https://openalex.org/W2487194101","https://openalex.org/W2499028048","https://openalex.org/W2517199338","https://openalex.org/W2550493274","https://openalex.org/W2746302612","https://openalex.org/W2759101427","https://openalex.org/W4242170577","https://openalex.org/W4243754761","https://openalex.org/W4255500248","https://openalex.org/W6635724440","https://openalex.org/W6655940663","https://openalex.org/W6656098313","https://openalex.org/W6674578353","https://openalex.org/W6681460610","https://openalex.org/W6682351736","https://openalex.org/W6736908577","https://openalex.org/W6744856709","https://openalex.org/W6777593083"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2381242807","https://openalex.org/W3126131230","https://openalex.org/W2347541121","https://openalex.org/W2080951048","https://openalex.org/W4288804799","https://openalex.org/W3032237421","https://openalex.org/W2390346111","https://openalex.org/W3011883280","https://openalex.org/W2369082698","https://openalex.org/W2077555735"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Imagine":[0],"a":[1,27,47,74,106,163],"person":[2,13,28,48],"visiting":[3],"an":[4,109,128,137,180,219],"urban":[5,220],"event.":[6],"At":[7],"each":[8,171],"moment":[9],"in":[10,85,105,159,208,215],"time,":[11],"the":[12,54,61,86,96,133,141,145,168,174,185,196,200,216,223],"has":[14],"to":[15,38,41,44,51,53,68,72,77,94,112,131,139,149,155,178,194],"weigh":[16],"up":[17],"different":[18],"possible":[19,64],"actions":[20],"and":[21,34,56,177,205],"make":[22],"consecutive":[23],"decisions.":[24],"For":[25],"instance,":[26],"might":[29,49,66],"be":[30,67,83,92],"hungry":[31],"or":[32,43,46,71],"thirsty":[33],"would":[35],"therefore":[36],"like":[37],"go":[39,52,58,69],"somewhere":[40],"eat":[42],"drink,":[45],"need":[50],"toilet":[55],"thus":[57],"searching":[59],"for":[60],"restrooms.":[62],"Other":[63],"desires":[65],"dancing":[70],"have":[73],"rest":[75],"due":[76],"exhaustion.":[78],"All":[79],"these":[80],"examples":[81],"can":[82],"seen":[84],"context":[87,217],"of":[88,99,135,144,173,187,199,218,225],"dynamic":[89,97,197],"decision-making.":[90],"To":[91],"able":[93],"implement":[95,179],"decision-making":[98,198],"virtual":[100,146,201],"humans":[101,147,202],"living":[102],"their":[103],"lives":[104],"persistent":[107],"microworld,":[108],"advanced":[110],"concept":[111],"solve":[113],"this\u2014in":[114],"artificial":[115],"intelligence":[116],"research":[117],"commonly":[118],"called":[119],"action":[120,181],"selection":[121,182],"problem\u2014is":[122],"required.":[123],"This":[124,190],"article":[125],"focuses":[126],"on":[127,184],"novel":[129],"approach":[130,191],"model":[132,195],"activation":[134],"motivations\u2014as":[136],"attempt":[138],"answer":[140],"recurring":[142],"question":[143],"\u201cWhat":[148],"do":[150],"next?\u201d.":[151],"The":[152],"novelty":[153],"is":[154],"use":[156],"System":[157],"Dynamics,":[158],"general":[160],"defined":[161],"as":[162],"top-down":[164],"simulation":[165],"approach,":[166],"from":[167],"bottom-up":[169],"inside":[170],"instance":[172],"agent":[175],"population":[176],"mechanism":[183],"basis":[186],"this":[188,226],"methodology.":[189],"enables":[192],"us":[193],"with":[203],"stocks":[204],"flows":[206],"resulting":[207],"nonlinear":[209],"motivation":[210],"evolution.":[211],"A":[212],"case":[213],"study":[214],"event":[221],"documents":[222],"application":[224],"innovative":[227],"method.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2017,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
