{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7162325537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems14060605","title":"The Co-Evolution and Spatial Spillover Effects of the Relationship Between the Industry Chain and Innovation Chain of China\u2019s Photovoltaic Cell: From the Patent Intelligence Perspective","display_name":"The Co-Evolution and Spatial Spillover Effects of the Relationship Between the Industry Chain and Innovation Chain of China\u2019s Photovoltaic Cell: From the Patent Intelligence Perspective","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-05-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7162325537","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems14060605"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems14060605","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems14060605","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems14060605","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112192555","display_name":"Yi Liang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95946905","display_name":"Hebei GEO University","ror":"https://ror.org/013x4kb81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95946905"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yi Liang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 052161, China","Strategy and Management Base of Mineral Resources in Hebei Province, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 052161, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3760-4433","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 052161, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95946905"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Strategy and Management Base of Mineral Resources in Hebei Province, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 052161, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95946905"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136906457","display_name":"Mengting Liu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2273-282X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95946905","display_name":"Hebei GEO University","ror":"https://ror.org/013x4kb81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95946905"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mengting Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 052161, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2273-282X","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 052161, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95946905"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5136934384","display_name":"Qingzhe Diao","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95946905","display_name":"Hebei GEO University","ror":"https://ror.org/013x4kb81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95946905"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qingzhe Diao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 052161, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 052161, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95946905"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5126512334","display_name":"Xiaoduo Wang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I95946905","display_name":"Hebei GEO University","ror":"https://ror.org/013x4kb81","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I95946905"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoduo Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 052161, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang 052161, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95946905"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":1,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I95946905"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.66880479,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"6","first_page":"605","last_page":"605"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10438","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","score":0.20010000467300415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10438","display_name":"Energy, Environment, Economic Growth","score":0.20010000467300415,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14413","display_name":"Advanced Technologies in Various Fields","score":0.1889999955892563,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10856","display_name":"Intellectual Property and Patents","score":0.06790000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1405","display_name":"Management of Technology and Innovation"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/photovoltaic-system","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","score":0.7222999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/spillover-effect","display_name":"Spillover effect","score":0.5175999999046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perspective","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","score":0.49480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dominance","display_name":"Dominance (genetics)","score":0.4650999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dual","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","score":0.4643999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economies-of-agglomeration","display_name":"Economies of agglomeration","score":0.44429999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supply-chain","display_name":"Supply chain","score":0.4426000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/panel-data","display_name":"Panel data","score":0.3953999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pillar","display_name":"Pillar","score":0.3792000114917755}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41291067","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1897785","display_name":"Photovoltaic system","level":2,"score":0.7222999930381775},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26271046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q187097","display_name":"Economic geography","level":1,"score":0.6237000226974487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.6194000244140625},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5194000005722046},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55527203","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q334194","display_name":"Spillover effect","level":2,"score":0.5175999999046326},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C12713177","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1900281","display_name":"Perspective (graphical)","level":2,"score":0.49480000138282776},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151913843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454555","display_name":"Dominance (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.4650999903678894},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780980858","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q110022","display_name":"Dual (grammatical number)","level":2,"score":0.4643999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131850264","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383056","display_name":"Economies of agglomeration","level":2,"score":0.44429999589920044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108713360","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1824206","display_name":"Supply chain","level":2,"score":0.4426000118255615},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C6422946","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q857354","display_name":"Panel data","level":2,"score":0.3953999876976013},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105289051","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1930094","display_name":"Pillar","level":2,"score":0.3792000114917755},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.37880000472068787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166955791","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q629579","display_name":"Macro","level":2,"score":0.33970001339912415},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C82290092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753582","display_name":"Economic base analysis","level":2,"score":0.3278999924659729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C199185054","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q552299","display_name":"Chain (unit)","level":2,"score":0.3147999942302704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C87889798","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1543986","display_name":"Gravity model of trade","level":2,"score":0.31369999051094055},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.3000999987125397},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.2935999929904938},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C53811970","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5062194","display_name":"Centrality","level":2,"score":0.28450000286102295},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C164866538","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q367351","display_name":"Cluster (spacecraft)","level":2,"score":0.2815000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C186037533","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q794803","display_name":"Innovation management","level":2,"score":0.28139999508857727},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776936074","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6423399","display_name":"Knowledge spillover","level":2,"score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C173727882","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5153620","display_name":"Common spatial pattern","level":2,"score":0.27239999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.27000001072883606},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C131584629","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4308705","display_name":"Coupling (piping)","level":2,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111030470","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1430460","display_name":"Curse of dimensionality","level":2,"score":0.2540999948978424}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems14060605","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems14060605","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:24a3b537225144afb6eed3a0218d8880","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/24a3b537225144afb6eed3a0218d8880","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems, Vol 14, Iss 6, p 605 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems14060605","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems14060605","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/9","display_name":"Industry, innovation and infrastructure","score":0.6352800726890564}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G8957227462","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"21YJC630072","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","funder_display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321106","display_name":"Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01mv9t934"}],"has_content":{"pdf":false,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":null,"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Under":[0],"the":[1,8,26,35,80,83,87,113,128,131,156,184,199,226],"dual-carbon":[2],"goals":[3],"and":[4,21,41,49,57,64,73,109,144,152,187,209,222],"energy":[5,19],"transition":[6],"backdrop,":[7],"photovoltaic":[9,46,54,227],"cell":[10,47,55],"has":[11,162],"become":[12],"a":[13,94,104,121,135],"crucial":[14],"pillar":[15],"for":[16,197,219],"optimizing":[17,198],"China\u2019s":[18,45],"structure":[20],"promoting":[22],"green":[23],"development.":[24],"From":[25],"perspective":[27],"of":[28,44,86,106,202],"patent":[29,58],"intelligence,":[30],"this":[31,193],"study":[32,194],"systematically":[33],"investigates":[34],"spatiotemporal":[36,84],"evolution":[37,85],"paths,":[38],"coupling":[39,136],"characteristics,":[40],"driving":[42],"mechanisms":[43],"industry":[48,101],"innovation":[50,114,185],"chains,":[51,205],"using":[52],"nationwide":[53],"enterprise":[56],"data":[59],"from":[60,117],"2005":[61],"to":[62,215],"2024":[63],"integrating":[65],"spatial":[66,74,145,150,200],"gravity":[67,141],"center":[68,142],"modeling,":[69],"location":[70],"quotient":[71],"analysis,":[72],"Durbin":[75],"models.":[76],"The":[77,100],"findings":[78],"reveal":[79],"following:":[81],"(1)":[82],"dual":[88,132,204],"chains":[89,133],"exhibits":[90],"distinct":[91],"phases,":[92],"with":[93,169],"notable":[95],"developmental":[96],"leap":[97],"after":[98],"2015.":[99],"chain":[102,115],"shows":[103],"pattern":[105],"\u201cwestward":[107],"shift":[108],"eastern":[110,118],"optimization,\u201d":[111],"while":[112],"evolves":[116],"dominance":[119],"toward":[120],"nationally":[122],"coordinated,":[123],"multipolar":[124],"network.":[125],"(2)":[126],"At":[127],"macro":[129],"level,":[130],"demonstrate":[134],"trend":[137],"characterized":[138],"by":[139,177],"\u201ccoordinated":[140],"migration":[143],"distance":[146],"convergence,\u201d":[147],"yet":[148],"significant":[149],"heterogeneity":[151,171],"mismatch":[153],"persist":[154],"at":[155],"city":[157],"scale.":[158],"(3)":[159],"Industrial":[160],"agglomeration":[161],"an":[163],"inverted":[164],"U-shaped":[165],"effect":[166],"on":[167,190],"innovation,":[168],"regional":[170],"in":[172,225],"its":[173],"impact,":[174],"driven":[175],"synergistically":[176],"multidimensional":[178],"factors":[179],"such":[180],"as":[181],"economic":[182],"foundation,":[183],"environment,":[186],"openness.":[188],"Based":[189],"these":[191,203],"insights,":[192],"proposes":[195],"recommendations":[196],"layout":[201],"strengthening":[206],"multifactor":[207],"synergy,":[208],"implementing":[210],"regionally":[211],"differentiated":[212],"policies,":[213],"aiming":[214],"provide":[216],"decision-making":[217],"references":[218],"achieving":[220],"sustainable":[221],"high-quality":[223],"development":[224],"cell.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2026-05-26T00:00:00"}