{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7132829153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems14030254","title":"Research on Simulation and Structural Optimization of Integrated Crop\u2013Livestock Systems in Jilin Province","display_name":"Research on Simulation and Structural Optimization of Integrated Crop\u2013Livestock Systems in Jilin Province","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-28","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7132829153","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems14030254"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems14030254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems14030254","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/14/3/254/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/14/3/254/pdf","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085735710","display_name":"Yujie Xia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2309-8250"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152006","display_name":"Jilin Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05dmhhd41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152006"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yujie Xia","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152006","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127661879","display_name":"Xiaoyu Lv","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152006","display_name":"Jilin Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05dmhhd41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152006"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xiaoyu Lv","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152006","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5127585914","display_name":"Shuang Xu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152006","display_name":"Jilin Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05dmhhd41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152006"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Shuang Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3470-0609","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152006","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":null,"display_name":"Hongpeng Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0625-8929"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I194450716","display_name":"Jilin University","ror":"https://ror.org/00js3aw79","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I194450716"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I4210152006","display_name":"Jilin Agricultural University","ror":"https://ror.org/05dmhhd41","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210152006"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hongpeng Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0625-8929","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun 130025, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I4210152006","https://openalex.org/I194450716"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":[],"corresponding_institution_ids":[],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.24244852,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"3","first_page":"254","last_page":"254"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13899","display_name":"Agricultural Systems and Practices","score":0.38659998774528503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13899","display_name":"Agricultural Systems and Practices","score":0.38659998774528503,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1105","display_name":"Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/11","display_name":"Agricultural and Biological Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/1","display_name":"Life Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11259","display_name":"Agriculture Sustainability and Environmental Impact","score":0.10719999670982361,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2303","display_name":"Ecology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12643","display_name":"Sustainability and Ecological Systems Analysis","score":0.04839999973773956,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agriculture","display_name":"Agriculture","score":0.6284000277519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/livestock","display_name":"Livestock","score":0.5982000231742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/beef-cattle","display_name":"Beef cattle","score":0.5313000082969666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/manure","display_name":"Manure","score":0.45989999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/system-dynamics","display_name":"System dynamics","score":0.45910000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/cash-crop","display_name":"Cash crop","score":0.41609999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.4077000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/net-present-value","display_name":"Net present value","score":0.34060001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/agricultural-machinery","display_name":"Agricultural machinery","score":0.3384000062942505}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C118518473","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11451","display_name":"Agriculture","level":2,"score":0.6284000277519226},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112964050","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q103459","display_name":"Livestock","level":2,"score":0.5982000231742859},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780505807","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1208989","display_name":"Beef cattle","level":2,"score":0.5313000082969666},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C39432304","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q188847","display_name":"Environmental science","level":0,"score":0.5152999758720398},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C88463610","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194118","display_name":"Agricultural engineering","level":1,"score":0.5098000168800354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38304854","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q185716","display_name":"Manure","level":2,"score":0.45989999175071716},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77405623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q598451","display_name":"System dynamics","level":2,"score":0.45910000801086426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C129225989","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q932139","display_name":"Cash crop","level":3,"score":0.41609999537467957},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.4077000021934509},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.36890000104904175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181230689","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192472","display_name":"Net present value","level":3,"score":0.34060001373291016},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C47136581","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16000047","display_name":"Agricultural machinery","level":3,"score":0.3384000062942505},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C137580998","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q235352","display_name":"Crop","level":2,"score":0.3366999924182892},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29825287","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1427940","display_name":"Warning system","level":2,"score":0.33219999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C502990516","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3395383","display_name":"Agricultural land","level":3,"score":0.3206000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779296788","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5326904","display_name":"Early warning system","level":3,"score":0.3089999854564667},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C552854447","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q131201","display_name":"Sustainable development","level":2,"score":0.2962000072002411},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C66204764","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q219416","display_name":"Sustainability","level":2,"score":0.29019999504089355},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779969000","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6753176","display_name":"Manure management","level":3,"score":0.28600001335144043},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C37621935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3606845","display_name":"Agricultural science","level":1,"score":0.2777999937534332},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54286561","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q397350","display_name":"Agroforestry","level":1,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C168741863","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q777671","display_name":"Sowing","level":2,"score":0.2727000117301941},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C108215451","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7263963","display_name":"Simulation modeling","level":2,"score":0.2662000060081482},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175760724","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q191258","display_name":"Crop rotation","level":3,"score":0.2621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41856607","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q483130","display_name":"Geographic information system","level":2,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107826830","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q929380","display_name":"Environmental resource management","level":1,"score":0.2574999928474426},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49461877","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q16038923","display_name":"Mixed farming","level":3,"score":0.2538999915122986}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems14030254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems14030254","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/14/3/254/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:bc075f697f9c45b5bf421c04dd629759","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/bc075f697f9c45b5bf421c04dd629759","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems, Vol 14, Iss 3, p 254 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems14030254","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems14030254","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/14/3/254/pdf","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.8041310906410217,"display_name":"Zero hunger","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/2"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4270705411","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"202306170513","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","funder_display_name":"China Scholarship Council"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322174","display_name":"People's Government of Jilin Province","ror":"https://ror.org/02fzqav45"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320322725","display_name":"China Scholarship Council","ror":"https://ror.org/04atp4p48"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320326270","display_name":"Education Department of Jilin Province","ror":"https://ror.org/05782e512"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7132829153.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7132829153.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,93],"integrated":[1,170],"crop\u2013livestock":[2],"farming":[3,52,249,266],"model":[4,47],"not":[5,150,207,219],"only":[6],"enhances":[7],"resource":[8,271],"utilization":[9,123],"efficiency":[10],"and":[11,53,58,65,74,86,115,126,128,140,182,211,234,243,250,267,274,278],"reduces":[12],"environmental":[13,183],"pollution":[14],"but":[15],"also":[16],"serves":[17],"as":[18,119,121,224],"a":[19,43,152],"vital":[20],"pathway":[21],"for":[22,48],"promoting":[23],"sustainable":[24],"agricultural":[25,72],"development.":[26],"System":[27],"dynamics":[28,46],"models":[29],"enable":[30],"in-depth":[31],"analysis":[32],"of":[33,51,70,83,95,124,178,203,214,232,248],"dynamic":[34,68],"system":[35,45],"changes.":[36],"Therefore,":[37],"in":[38,55,131,176],"this":[39,255],"study,":[40],"we":[41],"constructed":[42],"comprehensive":[44],"the":[49,67,71,75,81,84,96,107,122,138,155,160,169,174,192,201,212,228,246],"combination":[50],"raising":[54,87],"Jilin":[56,132,188],"Province,":[57],"used":[59],"Vensim-PLE":[60],"software(Version":[61],"6.3)":[62],"to":[63,91,154,225,244,260],"simulate":[64],"predict":[66],"changes":[69],"structure":[73,162],"future":[76],"development":[77],"trend":[78],"based":[79],"on":[80],"data":[82],"planting":[85,195],"industry":[88],"from":[89],"2006":[90],"2021.":[92],"results":[94],"study":[97],"show":[98],"that:":[99],"(1)":[100],"It":[101],"is":[102,166,239],"expected":[103],"that":[104,168,227],"by":[105],"2035,":[106,187],"grain":[108],"crop":[109,112,194,262],"production,":[110,113],"cash":[111],"hog":[114,204],"beef":[116,215],"cattle":[117,216],"output,":[118],"well":[120],"straw":[125],"livestock":[127,139,233],"poultry":[129,141,235],"manure":[130,142],"Province":[133,189],"will":[134],"increase":[135],"significantly.":[136],"And":[137],"load":[143],"warning":[144,230],"value":[145,231],"reaches":[146],"0.35,":[147],"which":[148],"does":[149],"pose":[151],"threat":[153],"environment.":[156],"(2)":[157],"By":[158],"setting":[159],"simulation":[161],"optimization":[163],"analysis,":[164],"it":[165],"found":[167],"crop-livestock":[171],"systems":[172],"performs":[173],"best":[175],"terms":[177],"economic,":[179],"social,":[180],"ecological":[181],"benefits.":[184,253],"(3)":[185],"In":[186],"should":[190,206,218],"control":[191],"total":[193],"area":[196],"within":[197],"7250":[198],"thousand":[199],"hectares,":[200],"number":[202,213],"output":[205],"exceed":[208,220],"25":[209],"million,":[210,222],"slaughtered":[217],"4.25":[221],"so":[223],"ensure":[226],"early":[229],"fecal":[236],"matter":[237],"loading":[238],"lower":[240],"than":[241],"0.4,":[242],"achieve":[245],"balance":[247],"maximize":[251],"economic":[252],"Finally,":[254],"paper":[256],"proposes":[257],"policy":[258,276],"recommendations":[259],"optimize":[261],"structures,":[263],"develop":[264],"precision":[265],"aquaculture":[268],"technologies,":[269],"establish":[270],"recycling":[272],"projects,":[273],"strengthen":[275],"support":[277],"technology":[279],"promotion.":[280]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-03-01T00:00:00"}
