{"id":"https://openalex.org/W7128440946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems14020188","title":"A Technological Blueprint for Smart and AI-Driven Hospitality in Emerging Tourism Markets: Evidence from Albania","display_name":"A Technological Blueprint for Smart and AI-Driven Hospitality in Emerging Tourism Markets: Evidence from Albania","publication_year":2026,"publication_date":"2026-02-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W7128440946","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems14020188"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems14020188","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems14020188","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/14/2/188/pdf?version=1770805889","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/14/2/188/pdf?version=1770805889","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5078515252","display_name":"Tea Tavanxhiu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7676-5368"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68784830","display_name":"University of Tirana","ror":"https://ror.org/03g9v2404","country_code":"AL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68784830"]}],"countries":["AL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tea Tavanxhiu","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economy, University of Tirana, Street \u201cArben Broci\u201d, 1, 1001 Tirana, Albania"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0003-7676-5368","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economy, University of Tirana, Street \u201cArben Broci\u201d, 1, 1001 Tirana, Albania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68784830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5116214185","display_name":"Majlinda Godolja","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5791-5285"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68784830","display_name":"University of Tirana","ror":"https://ror.org/03g9v2404","country_code":"AL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68784830"]}],"countries":["AL"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Majlinda Godolja","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economy, University of Tirana, Street \u201cArben Broci\u201d, 1, 1001 Tirana, Albania"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-5791-5285","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economy, University of Tirana, Street \u201cArben Broci\u201d, 1, 1001 Tirana, Albania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68784830"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5076123752","display_name":"Kozeta Sevrani","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9368-3511"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68784830","display_name":"University of Tirana","ror":"https://ror.org/03g9v2404","country_code":"AL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68784830"]}],"countries":["AL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Kozeta Sevrani","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economy, University of Tirana, Street \u201cArben Broci\u201d, 1, 1001 Tirana, Albania"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9368-3511","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economy, University of Tirana, Street \u201cArben Broci\u201d, 1, 1001 Tirana, Albania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68784830"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5092390442","display_name":"Matilda Na\u00e7o","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I68784830","display_name":"University of Tirana","ror":"https://ror.org/03g9v2404","country_code":"AL","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I68784830"]}],"countries":["AL"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Matilda Naco","raw_affiliation_strings":["Faculty of Economy, University of Tirana, Street \u201cArben Broci\u201d, 1, 1001 Tirana, Albania"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2023-0394","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Faculty of Economy, University of Tirana, Street \u201cArben Broci\u201d, 1, 1001 Tirana, Albania","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68784830"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5116214185"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I68784830"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":19.5563,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":1,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98044821,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"14","issue":"2","first_page":"188","last_page":"188"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.5415999889373779,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12128","display_name":"AI in Service Interactions","score":0.5415999889373779,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1702","display_name":"Artificial Intelligence"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11114","display_name":"Service and Product Innovation","score":0.10769999772310257,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10609","display_name":"Digital Marketing and Social Media","score":0.08640000224113464,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/blueprint","display_name":"Blueprint","score":0.8077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitality","display_name":"Hospitality","score":0.6313999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service-provider","display_name":"Service provider","score":0.5705000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/tourism","display_name":"Tourism","score":0.4745999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/hospitality-industry","display_name":"Hospitality industry","score":0.4636000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sharing-economy","display_name":"Sharing economy","score":0.42399999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-evidence","display_name":"Empirical evidence","score":0.41679999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.39820000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/empirical-research","display_name":"Empirical research","score":0.37389999628067017}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155911762","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q422321","display_name":"Blueprint","level":2,"score":0.8077999949455261},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C107482638","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q815825","display_name":"Hospitality","level":3,"score":0.6313999891281128},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.5728999972343445},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C116537","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2169973","display_name":"Service provider","level":3,"score":0.5705000162124634},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5350000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18918823","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q49389","display_name":"Tourism","level":2,"score":0.4745999872684479},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C525551149","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1495452","display_name":"Hospitality industry","level":3,"score":0.4636000096797943},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.44909998774528503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33199155","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2277143","display_name":"Sharing economy","level":2,"score":0.42399999499320984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166052673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q83021","display_name":"Empirical evidence","level":2,"score":0.41679999232292175},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.39820000529289246},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C120936955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2155640","display_name":"Empirical research","level":2,"score":0.37389999628067017},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.3440000116825104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C125502","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1153279","display_name":"Early adopter","level":2,"score":0.3361999988555908},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.3208000063896179},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.28870001435279846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776598745","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5156422","display_name":"Complementary assets","level":2,"score":0.2840999960899353},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C60641444","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q841602","display_name":"Delphi method","level":2,"score":0.28110000491142273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778755073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q10858537","display_name":"Scale (ratio)","level":2,"score":0.2782999873161316},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85973986","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1091731","display_name":"Exploratory research","level":2,"score":0.27250000834465027},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.26739999651908875},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C157660682","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q419793","display_name":"Accommodation","level":2,"score":0.26649999618530273},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C139043278","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837171","display_name":"Financial services","level":2,"score":0.2612999975681305},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3307092","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6532095","display_name":"Service innovation","level":3,"score":0.2612000107765198},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29321873","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5970087","display_name":"Economies of scale","level":2,"score":0.2599000036716461},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78597825","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q484847","display_name":"E-commerce","level":2,"score":0.2597000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780625559","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5152592","display_name":"Commercialization","level":2,"score":0.25839999318122864},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121087249","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q546395","display_name":"Emerging markets","level":2,"score":0.25780001282691956},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162696548","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q830170","display_name":"Knowledge economy","level":2,"score":0.25189998745918274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778813691","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1369832","display_name":"Purchasing","level":2,"score":0.25119999051094055}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems14020188","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems14020188","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/14/2/188/pdf?version=1770805889","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:27b235686d5b48ef98173717af24fc77","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/27b235686d5b48ef98173717af24fc77","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems, Vol 14, Iss 2, p 188 (2026)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems14020188","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems14020188","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/14/2/188/pdf?version=1770805889","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Decent work and economic growth","score":0.6467726826667786,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/8"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128440946.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W7128440946.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":0,"referenced_works":[],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Emerging":[0],"hospitality":[1],"markets":[2],"confront":[3],"a":[4,15,59,68,85,148],"two-speed":[5],"ecosystem":[6,136],"where":[7],"operational":[8],"digitalization":[9],"outpaces":[10],"strategic":[11],"AI":[12,118],"readiness,":[13,221],"creating":[14],"benefit\u2013feasibility":[16],"gap.":[17],"Providers":[18],"recognize":[19],"substantial":[20],"technology":[21,227],"value":[22],"yet":[23],"face":[24],"implementation":[25,112,213],"constraints":[26],"from":[27,53,123,170],"costs,":[28],"integration":[29,91],"complexity,":[30],"and":[31,67,97,126,153,156,183,195,198,231,240,249],"skills":[32],"shortages,":[33],"while":[34],"guests":[35],"demonstrate":[36],"acceptance":[37,70,152],"conditional":[38],"on":[39,49],"trust,":[40],"with":[41,216],"privacy":[42],"concerns":[43],"suppressing":[44],"willingness":[45],"to":[46,162,173],"pay.":[47],"Drawing":[48],"dual-perspective":[50],"empirical":[51],"evidence":[52,132],"Albania\u2019s":[54],"accommodation":[55,232],"sector":[56],"consisting":[57],"of":[58,92,219],"national":[60],"provider":[61,108,193,220],"readiness":[62,248],"assessment":[63],"(N":[64,72],"=":[65,73],"1821)":[66],"guest":[69,196],"study":[71,83],"689)":[74],"conducted":[75],"in":[76,141,247],"prior":[77],"research,":[78],"this":[79],"Design":[80,93],"Science":[81],"Research":[82],"develops":[84],"segment-differentiated":[86,208],"technological":[87,209],"blueprint":[88,210],"through":[89],"systematic":[90],"Thinking,":[94],"service":[95],"blueprinting,":[96],"systems":[98],"thinking":[99],"methodologies.":[100],"Integrated":[101],"TAM-TOE-DOI":[102,168],"framework":[103],"analysis":[104],"reveals":[105],"three":[106],"distinct":[107],"segments":[109],"requiring":[110,128,191],"differentiated":[111],"pathways:":[113],"Tech":[114],"Leaders":[115],"positioned":[116],"for":[117,225],"capabilities,":[119],"Selective":[120],"Adopters":[121],"benefiting":[122],"smart":[124],"modules,":[125],"Skeptics":[127],"foundational":[129],"capabilities.":[130],"Empirical":[131],"establishes":[133],"that":[134],"regional":[135],"characteristics":[137],"outweigh":[138],"organizational":[139],"scale":[140],"determining":[142],"adoption":[143,181],"feasibility,":[144],"trust":[145,201],"operates":[146],"as":[147,179,203],"gating":[149],"condition":[150],"moderating":[151],"financial":[154],"commitment,":[155],"supply\u2013demand":[157,177],"misalignment":[158],"creates":[159],"bottlenecks":[160],"invisible":[161],"single-perspective":[163],"assessments.":[164],"Theoretical":[165],"contributions":[166],"extend":[167],"frameworks":[169],"explanatory":[171],"constructs":[172],"design":[174,187],"requirements,":[175],"conceptualize":[176],"alignment":[178],"an":[180],"mechanism,":[182],"generate":[184],"two":[185],"generalizable":[186],"principles:":[188],"dual-constraint":[189],"satisfaction":[190],"simultaneous":[192],"feasibility":[194],"acceptance,":[197],"trust-as-architecture":[199],"embedding":[200],"mechanisms":[202],"structural":[204],"properties.":[205],"The":[206],"proposed":[207],"offers":[211],"actionable":[212],"pathways":[214],"aligned":[215],"varying":[217],"levels":[218],"providing":[222],"transferable":[223],"guidance":[224],"policymakers,":[226],"vendors,":[228],"education":[229],"providers,":[230],"providers":[233],"across":[234],"the":[235,238],"Western":[236],"Balkans,":[237],"Mediterranean,":[239],"other":[241],"post-transition":[242],"economies":[243],"facing":[244],"similar":[245],"heterogeneity":[246],"resource":[250],"constraints.":[251]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1}],"updated_date":"2026-06-11T09:08:48.828518","created_date":"2026-02-10T00:00:00"}
