{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4414329868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13090817","title":"Research on the Co-Evolution Mechanism of Electricity Market Entities Enabled by Shared Energy Storage: A Tripartite Game Perspective Incorporating Dynamic Incentives/Penalties and Stochastic Disturbances","display_name":"Research on the Co-Evolution Mechanism of Electricity Market Entities Enabled by Shared Energy Storage: A Tripartite Game Perspective Incorporating Dynamic Incentives/Penalties and Stochastic Disturbances","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-09-18","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4414329868","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13090817"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems13090817","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13090817","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/13/9/817/pdf?version=1758178412","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/13/9/817/pdf?version=1758178412","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100760739","display_name":"Chang Su","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-2174-6456"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chang Su","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112109734","display_name":"Zhen Xu","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0001-0603-9825"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhen Xu","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100707897","display_name":"Xinping Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1555-890X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I110440473","display_name":"Xi'an University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/046fkpt18","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Xinping Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Xi\u2019an University of Science and Technology, Xi\u2019an 710054, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I110440473"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103170991","display_name":"Boying Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7616-080X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116953780","display_name":"Tongji University","ror":"https://ror.org/03rc6as71","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Boying Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Politics and International Relations, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Politics and International Relations, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5103170991"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116953780"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":2.8737,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.91674763,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"9","first_page":"817","last_page":"817"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10603","display_name":"Smart Grid Energy Management","score":0.9937000274658203,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10424","display_name":"Electric Power System Optimization","score":0.9758999943733215,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12659","display_name":"Innovation Diffusion and Forecasting","score":0.9710000157356262,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/incentive","display_name":"Incentive","score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sequential-game","display_name":"Sequential game","score":0.515500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/game-theory","display_name":"Game theory","score":0.49470001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/renewable-energy","display_name":"Renewable energy","score":0.4724999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dynamic-pricing","display_name":"Dynamic pricing","score":0.46619999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/energy-market","display_name":"Energy market","score":0.46209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity-market","display_name":"Electricity market","score":0.44200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/smart-grid","display_name":"Smart grid","score":0.4268999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/robustness","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","score":0.4253000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electricity","display_name":"Electricity","score":0.4124000072479248}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29122968","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1414816","display_name":"Incentive","level":2,"score":0.722000002861023},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73795354","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q287618","display_name":"Sequential game","level":3,"score":0.515500009059906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C177142836","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q44455","display_name":"Game theory","level":2,"score":0.49470001459121704},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.4871000051498413},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C188573790","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12705","display_name":"Renewable energy","level":2,"score":0.4724999964237213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134560507","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q753291","display_name":"Environmental economics","level":1,"score":0.46959999203681946},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779391423","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17009728","display_name":"Dynamic pricing","level":2,"score":0.46619999408721924},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776849302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1239166","display_name":"Energy market","level":3,"score":0.46209999918937683},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146733006","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q676081","display_name":"Electricity market","level":3,"score":0.44200000166893005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C10558101","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q689855","display_name":"Smart grid","level":2,"score":0.4268999993801117},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C63479239","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7353546","display_name":"Robustness (evolution)","level":3,"score":0.4253000020980835},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206658404","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12725","display_name":"Electricity","level":2,"score":0.4124000072479248},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89227174","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2388981","display_name":"Electric power system","level":3,"score":0.3937000036239624},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779438525","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5255048","display_name":"Demand response","level":3,"score":0.3930000066757202},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C187691185","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2020720","display_name":"Grid","level":2,"score":0.3831000030040741},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780695930","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5318971","display_name":"Dynamic efficiency","level":2,"score":0.3684999942779541},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.34689998626708984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89611455","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6804646","display_name":"Mechanism (biology)","level":2,"score":0.34630000591278076},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45872418","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5318966","display_name":"Dynamic demand","level":3,"score":0.3398999869823456},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C423512","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q383973","display_name":"Electricity generation","level":3,"score":0.33869999647140503},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91810955","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7731670","display_name":"Incentive compatibility","level":3,"score":0.3319999873638153},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.32710000872612},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.3246000111103058},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C544738498","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q861135","display_name":"Distributed generation","level":3,"score":0.3197999894618988},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C85510643","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5500284","display_name":"Free riding","level":3,"score":0.3160000145435333},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C73916439","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q837718","display_name":"Energy storage","level":3,"score":0.30869999527931213},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779280359","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q870344","display_name":"Electricity pricing","level":4,"score":0.30379998683929443},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2983254600","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1096907","display_name":"Power grid","level":3,"score":0.30000001192092896},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2742236","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q924713","display_name":"Efficient energy use","level":2,"score":0.2937999963760376},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C202556891","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1584646","display_name":"Repeated game","level":3,"score":0.2768999934196472},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2519700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1069992","display_name":"Evolutionarily stable strategy","level":3,"score":0.27230000495910645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.26969999074935913},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112972136","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7595718","display_name":"Stability (learning theory)","level":2,"score":0.26750001311302185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181169782","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1571520","display_name":"Vertical integration","level":2,"score":0.267300009727478},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112930515","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4389547","display_name":"Risk analysis (engineering)","level":1,"score":0.26600000262260437},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153517567","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26090","display_name":"Mechanism design","level":2,"score":0.2621999979019165},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77405623","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q598451","display_name":"System dynamics","level":2,"score":0.25600001215934753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.2547999918460846},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.2526000142097473}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems13090817","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13090817","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/13/9/817/pdf?version=1758178412","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:add966a93b544705bd5870934b20b5a9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/add966a93b544705bd5870934b20b5a9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems, Vol 13, Iss 9, p 817 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems13090817","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13090817","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/13/9/817/pdf?version=1758178412","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414329868.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4414329868.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":41,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2950827576","https://openalex.org/W2991241701","https://openalex.org/W2996704268","https://openalex.org/W2998298037","https://openalex.org/W3010876489","https://openalex.org/W3046085789","https://openalex.org/W3088059691","https://openalex.org/W3129875850","https://openalex.org/W3137470138","https://openalex.org/W3139430098","https://openalex.org/W3145228674","https://openalex.org/W3181592866","https://openalex.org/W3186827843","https://openalex.org/W3192370673","https://openalex.org/W3214961593","https://openalex.org/W4200178456","https://openalex.org/W4206492891","https://openalex.org/W4206535308","https://openalex.org/W4284686163","https://openalex.org/W4294414985","https://openalex.org/W4312082832","https://openalex.org/W4313894329","https://openalex.org/W4318823140","https://openalex.org/W4319987599","https://openalex.org/W4366382699","https://openalex.org/W4366597074","https://openalex.org/W4367052102","https://openalex.org/W4385211219","https://openalex.org/W4385612060","https://openalex.org/W4386112236","https://openalex.org/W4387871914","https://openalex.org/W4388000275","https://openalex.org/W4389266514","https://openalex.org/W4390228032","https://openalex.org/W4391558407","https://openalex.org/W4393196954","https://openalex.org/W4398196981","https://openalex.org/W4400204716","https://openalex.org/W4400943424","https://openalex.org/W4412421934","https://openalex.org/W4413166245"],"related_works":[],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,66,92,127,135,160,199],"integration":[1],"of":[2,17,34,95,109,118,137,152,170,188,195,204],"renewable":[3],"energy":[4,18,41,139,243],"into":[5],"the":[6,31,45,89,96,107,116,119,132,149,166,171,185,202,215,252],"grid":[7,52,157],"has":[8],"led":[9,207],"to":[10,178,208,225],"problems":[11],"such":[12],"as":[13,75,77],"low":[14],"utilization":[15],"rate":[16],"storage":[19,140,244],"resources":[20],"(\u201cunderutilization":[21],"after":[22],"construction\u201d)":[23],"and":[24,54,72,106,112,141,156,228,238,247],"insufficient":[25],"system":[26],"stability.":[27],"This":[28,211,234],"paper":[29,59],"studied":[30],"co-evolution":[32],"mechanism":[33,74],"power":[35,48,51,153,253],"market":[36],"entities":[37],"empowered":[38],"by":[39,101],"shared":[40,138],"storage.":[42],"Based":[43],"on":[44,115,148],"interaction":[46],"among":[47],"generation":[49,154],"enterprises,":[50],"operators,":[53],"government":[55,216],"regulatory":[56,161,230],"agencies,":[57],"this":[58],"constructed":[60],"a":[61,69,78,145],"three-party":[62],"evolutionary":[63],"game":[64,97,120],"model.":[65],"model":[67],"introduced":[68],"dynamic":[70,196,219],"reward":[71],"punishment":[73],"well":[76],"random":[79,205],"interference":[80],"mechanism,":[81],"which":[82],"makes":[83],"it":[84],"more":[85],"in":[86,181,201,251],"line":[87],"with":[88],"actual":[90],"situation.":[91],"stability":[93,117],"conditions":[94],"players":[98,121],"were":[99,122,176],"analyzed":[100],"using":[102],"stochastic":[103],"differential":[104],"equations,":[105],"influences":[108],"key":[110],"parameters":[111],"incentive":[113,245],"mechanisms":[114],"investigated":[123],"through":[124],"numerical":[125],"simulation.":[126],"main":[128],"research":[129,235],"results":[130],"showed":[131],"following:":[133],"(1)":[134],"benefits":[136],"opportunistic":[142],"gains":[143],"had":[144,163],"significant":[146],"impact":[147],"strategic":[150],"choices":[151],"companies":[155],"operators.":[158],"(2)":[159],"efficiency":[162],"significantly":[164],"promoted":[165],"long-term":[167],"stable":[168],"maintenance":[169],"system.":[172],"(3)":[173],"Dynamic":[174],"incentives":[175,180],"superior":[177],"static":[179,189,223],"promoting":[182,248],"cooperation,":[183],"while":[184],"deterrent":[186],"effect":[187],"penalties":[190,224],"is":[191],"stronger":[192],"than":[193],"that":[194,214],"penalties.":[197],"(4)":[198],"increase":[200],"intensity":[203],"disturbances":[206],"strategy":[209],"oscillation.":[210],"study":[212],"suggested":[213],"implement":[217],"gradient-based":[218],"incentives,":[220],"maintain":[221],"strict":[222],"curb":[226],"opportunism,":[227],"enhance":[229],"robustness":[231],"against":[232],"uncertainty.":[233],"provided":[236],"theoretical":[237],"practical":[239],"inspirations":[240],"for":[241],"optimizing":[242],"policies":[246],"multi-subject":[249],"coordination":[250],"market.":[254]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
