{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408825738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13040225","title":"Evolutionary Game Analysis of Empowering SMEs\u2019 Digital Transformation by Core Manufacturing Enterprises Under Government Subsidies","display_name":"Evolutionary Game Analysis of Empowering SMEs\u2019 Digital Transformation by Core Manufacturing Enterprises Under Government Subsidies","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-25","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408825738","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13040225"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems13040225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13040225","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/13/4/225/pdf?version=1742914539","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/13/4/225/pdf?version=1742914539","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5024728968","display_name":"Yongqiang Shi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-4868"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Yongqiang Shi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of E-Commerce, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3166-4868","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of E-Commerce, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091531035","display_name":"Zhili Wen","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zhili Wen","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of E-Commerce, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of E-Commerce, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5074797273","display_name":"Zhiyong Zhang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0590-2196"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I90610280","display_name":"South China University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/0530pts50","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Zhiyong Zhang","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of E-Commerce, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of E-Commerce, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5074797273"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I90610280"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":5.0071,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.94334072,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"4","first_page":"225","last_page":"225"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12659","display_name":"Innovation Diffusion and Forecasting","score":0.6790000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12659","display_name":"Innovation Diffusion and Forecasting","score":0.6790000200271606,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1803","display_name":"Management Science and Operations Research"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11437","display_name":"Digital Platforms and Economics","score":0.6541000008583069,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/subsidy","display_name":"Subsidy","score":0.8200401663780212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/core","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","score":0.7384974956512451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.6707816123962402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/government","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","score":0.6211267113685608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization","display_name":"Industrial organization","score":0.6143022775650024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transformation","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","score":0.484551340341568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/digital-transformation","display_name":"Digital transformation","score":0.47858762741088867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.23111814260482788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.16919907927513123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/market-economy","display_name":"Market economy","score":0.12951987981796265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/chemistry","display_name":"Chemistry","score":0.08581751585006714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/world-wide-web","display_name":"World Wide Web","score":0.079318106174469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.06796935200691223}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C84265765","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193219","display_name":"Subsidy","level":2,"score":0.8200401663780212},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2164484","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5170150","display_name":"Core (optical fiber)","level":2,"score":0.7384974956512451},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6707816123962402},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778137410","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2732820","display_name":"Government (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.6211267113685608},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.6143022775650024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C204241405","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q461499","display_name":"Transformation (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.484551340341568},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C126082660","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4252370","display_name":"Digital transformation","level":2,"score":0.47858762741088867},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.23111814260482788},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.16919907927513123},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C34447519","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q179522","display_name":"Market economy","level":1,"score":0.12951987981796265},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C185592680","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2329","display_name":"Chemistry","level":0,"score":0.08581751585006714},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.079318106174469},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.06796935200691223},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C55493867","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7094","display_name":"Biochemistry","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41895202","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8162","display_name":"Linguistics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems13040225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13040225","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/13/4/225/pdf?version=1742914539","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:9c2735646db64480aa57bfd0dbd6a10d","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/9c2735646db64480aa57bfd0dbd6a10d","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems, Vol 13, Iss 4, p 225 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems13040225","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13040225","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/13/4/225/pdf?version=1742914539","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G14287734","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022A1515010966","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4157607887","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2022A1515010966","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6168538090","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72461004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","funder_display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G7562327553","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72461004","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321921","display_name":"Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province","ror":null}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408825738.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":61,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W2095503066","https://openalex.org/W2130498736","https://openalex.org/W2912800036","https://openalex.org/W2948706555","https://openalex.org/W2983858283","https://openalex.org/W2990445980","https://openalex.org/W3091899649","https://openalex.org/W3093646510","https://openalex.org/W3121152185","https://openalex.org/W4200068099","https://openalex.org/W4200622119","https://openalex.org/W4213457119","https://openalex.org/W4229442135","https://openalex.org/W4285043710","https://openalex.org/W4289928771","https://openalex.org/W4309091500","https://openalex.org/W4309484577","https://openalex.org/W4311387182","https://openalex.org/W4312089985","https://openalex.org/W4312336239","https://openalex.org/W4312982885","https://openalex.org/W4316660722","https://openalex.org/W4319602874","https://openalex.org/W4320481398","https://openalex.org/W4366598892","https://openalex.org/W4376871958","https://openalex.org/W4384341567","https://openalex.org/W4385555186","https://openalex.org/W4387058224","https://openalex.org/W4387571174","https://openalex.org/W4388000275","https://openalex.org/W4388996303","https://openalex.org/W4389919635","https://openalex.org/W4390009881","https://openalex.org/W4390597974","https://openalex.org/W4391227302","https://openalex.org/W4391446316","https://openalex.org/W4391554621","https://openalex.org/W4392769250","https://openalex.org/W4393198180","https://openalex.org/W4393282418","https://openalex.org/W4394575234","https://openalex.org/W4395045548","https://openalex.org/W4395664357","https://openalex.org/W4398138650","https://openalex.org/W4400003515","https://openalex.org/W4400363536","https://openalex.org/W4400620917","https://openalex.org/W4400943424","https://openalex.org/W4400964750","https://openalex.org/W4401211290","https://openalex.org/W4401273323","https://openalex.org/W4401369916","https://openalex.org/W4402373291","https://openalex.org/W4402464455","https://openalex.org/W4403235028","https://openalex.org/W4403688771","https://openalex.org/W4403931127","https://openalex.org/W4404294228","https://openalex.org/W4405836918","https://openalex.org/W6676494212"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2276539358","https://openalex.org/W4309036932","https://openalex.org/W3083505014","https://openalex.org/W2099588657","https://openalex.org/W2965628777","https://openalex.org/W2384152552","https://openalex.org/W2388987626","https://openalex.org/W3113483414","https://openalex.org/W3128162709","https://openalex.org/W3022432941"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"To":[0],"effectively":[1],"address":[2],"the":[3,24,29,32,45,55,62,66,80,92,101,123,152,160,204,208,214,226],"dual":[4],"challenges":[5],"of":[6,31,48,58,65,91,104,125,154],"insufficient":[7,172],"motivation":[8],"for":[9],"digital":[10,33],"transformation":[11],"(DT)":[12],"among":[13,207],"small":[14],"and":[15,19,60,83,100,109,180,211,217],"medium-sized":[16],"enterprises":[17,51],"(SMEs)":[18],"low":[20],"collaboration":[21],"efficiency":[22],"in":[23,213],"manufacturing":[25,50,67],"supply":[26],"chain":[27],"within":[28],"context":[30],"economy,":[34],"this":[35],"paper":[36],"focuses":[37],"on":[38,70,133],"how":[39],"government":[40,126,138],"subsidy":[41,139],"policies":[42],"can":[43,142,200],"promote":[44,151,225],"empowerment":[46,147,161],"behavior":[47],"core":[49],"(CMEs)":[52],"to":[53,140,159,171,183,202,224],"resolve":[54],"DT":[56,153,185,215],"difficulties":[57],"SMEs":[59,84,167,175,212],"drive":[61],"overall":[63],"upgrade":[64],"industry.":[68],"Based":[69],"evolutionary":[71,76,88,102],"game":[72,77],"theory,":[73],"a":[74],"three-party":[75],"model":[78],"involving":[79],"government,":[81,209],"CMEs,":[82,210],"is":[85,112,186],"constructed.":[86],"The":[87,117,137,197],"stability":[89,103],"strategies":[90,106],"three":[93],"parties":[94],"under":[95,107],"different":[96],"scenarios":[97],"are":[98,168],"explored,":[99],"system":[105],"single-factor":[108],"two-factor":[110],"interactions":[111],"analyzed":[113],"through":[114],"MATLAB":[115],"simulations.":[116],"research":[118],"results":[119],"indicate":[120],"that":[121],"(1)":[122],"intensity":[124],"subsidies":[127],"shows":[128],"an":[129],"inverted":[130],"U-shaped":[131],"impact":[132],"their":[134,181],"effectiveness.":[135],"(2)":[136],"CMEs":[141,157],"not":[143],"only":[144],"directly":[145],"incentivize":[146],"but":[148],"also":[149],"indirectly":[150],"SMEs.":[155],"(3)":[156],"converge":[158],"strategy":[162],"faster":[163],"than":[164,193],"SMEs,":[165],"while":[166],"more":[169,188],"sensitive":[170],"subsidies.":[173],"(4)":[174],"have":[176],"weak":[177],"self-transformation":[178],"capabilities,":[179],"willingness":[182],"undergo":[184],"significantly":[187],"influenced":[189],"by":[190,194],"external":[191],"factors":[192],"internal":[195],"factors.":[196],"above":[198],"findings":[199],"help":[201],"clarify":[203],"interactive":[205],"relationships":[206],"process":[216],"provide":[218],"valuable":[219],"suggestions":[220],"from":[221],"multiple":[222],"perspectives":[223],"SMEs\u2019":[227],"DT.":[228]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
