{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4408503843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13030203","title":"Strategic Inventory Management with Private Brands: Navigating the Challenges of Supply Uncertainty","display_name":"Strategic Inventory Management with Private Brands: Navigating the Challenges of Supply Uncertainty","publication_year":2025,"publication_date":"2025-03-15","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4408503843","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13030203"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems13030203","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13030203","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/13/3/203/pdf?version=1742200048","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/13/3/203/pdf?version=1742200048","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5037991594","display_name":"Junjie Guo","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6877-5059"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Junjie Guo","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0002-6877-5059","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100379130","display_name":"Huanhuan Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9963-9423"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huanhuan Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9963-9423","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5103152216","display_name":"Guang Song","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Guang Song","raw_affiliation_strings":["National Academy of Economic Security, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5602-7283","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"National Academy of Economic Security, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5073928228","display_name":"Hanxing Cui","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-9419-9775"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Hanxing Cui","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5100932055","display_name":"Qilan Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1598-713X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I21193070","display_name":"Beijing Jiaotong University","ror":"https://ror.org/01yj56c84","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Qilan Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Economics and Management, Beijing Jiaotong University, Beijing 100044, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":5,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5100379130"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I21193070"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.0,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":0,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.06441624,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":null,"biblio":{"volume":"13","issue":"3","first_page":"203","last_page":"203"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10328","display_name":"Supply Chain and Inventory Management","score":0.9980000257492065,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1404","display_name":"Management Information Systems"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11864","display_name":"Supply Chain Resilience and Risk Management","score":0.9962000250816345,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10539","display_name":"Sustainable Supply Chain Management","score":0.9707000255584717,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1408","display_name":"Strategy and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.7316563129425049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/inventory-management","display_name":"Inventory management","score":0.5572712421417236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/supply-management","display_name":"Supply management","score":0.4489700496196747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.4210273027420044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/process-management","display_name":"Process management","score":0.37028321623802185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization","display_name":"Industrial organization","score":0.32621967792510986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-management","display_name":"Operations management","score":0.25089555978775024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.12462493777275085}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.7316563129425049},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3018434026","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3761396","display_name":"Inventory management","level":2,"score":0.5572712421417236},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2984166366","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17130077","display_name":"Supply management","level":3,"score":0.4489700496196747},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.4210273027420044},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C195094911","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q14167904","display_name":"Process management","level":1,"score":0.37028321623802185},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.32621967792510986},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C21547014","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1423657","display_name":"Operations management","level":1,"score":0.25089555978775024},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.12462493777275085},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C163258240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25342","display_name":"Power (physics)","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems13030203","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13030203","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/13/3/203/pdf?version=1742200048","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:a17f4715a8f4412088f2e627b929e9b9","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/a17f4715a8f4412088f2e627b929e9b9","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems, Vol 13, Iss 3, p 203 (2025)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems13030203","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems13030203","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/13/3/203/pdf?version=1742200048","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4047469244","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2024JBWG010","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","funder_display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320335787","display_name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","ror":null}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4408503843.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":52,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1971295181","https://openalex.org/W1996746566","https://openalex.org/W2003683092","https://openalex.org/W2122622054","https://openalex.org/W2129427420","https://openalex.org/W2132689887","https://openalex.org/W2138839439","https://openalex.org/W2517843081","https://openalex.org/W2557407000","https://openalex.org/W2562128691","https://openalex.org/W2883625497","https://openalex.org/W2914012152","https://openalex.org/W2968463660","https://openalex.org/W2999117006","https://openalex.org/W3013474995","https://openalex.org/W3027000414","https://openalex.org/W3082312707","https://openalex.org/W3114316449","https://openalex.org/W3122506413","https://openalex.org/W3125151421","https://openalex.org/W3155154301","https://openalex.org/W3189183083","https://openalex.org/W3189446427","https://openalex.org/W3190341959","https://openalex.org/W3203543696","https://openalex.org/W3205926565","https://openalex.org/W3208844276","https://openalex.org/W4280492776","https://openalex.org/W4292429800","https://openalex.org/W4296251994","https://openalex.org/W4309633306","https://openalex.org/W4315796396","https://openalex.org/W4322632353","https://openalex.org/W4361215814","https://openalex.org/W4378699272","https://openalex.org/W4379662029","https://openalex.org/W4381851123","https://openalex.org/W4384282052","https://openalex.org/W4384341950","https://openalex.org/W4384827325","https://openalex.org/W4385762917","https://openalex.org/W4387229350","https://openalex.org/W4387368488","https://openalex.org/W4387873458","https://openalex.org/W4389256111","https://openalex.org/W4392198923","https://openalex.org/W4392247268","https://openalex.org/W4395678228","https://openalex.org/W4399007341","https://openalex.org/W4403001565","https://openalex.org/W4403494766","https://openalex.org/W4404032707"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2182487931","https://openalex.org/W2292819365","https://openalex.org/W2369199146","https://openalex.org/W2351623582","https://openalex.org/W2150931784","https://openalex.org/W4230036091","https://openalex.org/W1505456792","https://openalex.org/W3023838778","https://openalex.org/W2382534156","https://openalex.org/W2725058716"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"In":[0],"the":[1,30,42,60,64,76,79,93,150,157,161,169,172,176],"context":[2],"of":[3,63,81,152,178],"globalized":[4],"and":[5,24,35,39,75,99,112,188],"complex":[6],"supply":[7,9,51,65,113,186],"chains,":[8],"uncertainty":[10,187],"occurs":[11],"frequently.":[12],"To":[13,28],"reduce":[14],"dependence":[15],"on":[16,156,175,182],"suppliers,":[17],"retailers":[18,100,123,144],"often":[19],"consider":[20],"holding":[21],"strategic":[22,36,44,126,147,162,183],"inventory":[23,37,110,184],"introducing":[25,140],"private":[26,33,82,135,141,179],"brands.":[27,83],"explore":[29],"relationship":[31],"between":[32],"brands":[34,74,136,142],"strategies,":[38],"to":[40,124],"determine":[41],"optimal":[43,94],"decisions,":[45],"this":[46,153],"paper":[47],"constructs":[48],"a":[49],"two-stage":[50],"chain":[52,66],"model.":[53],"Using":[54],"game":[55],"theory":[56],"methods,":[57],"we":[58,91,116],"calculate":[59],"equilibrium":[61],"outcomes":[62],"under":[67,159,185],"two":[68],"scenarios:":[69],"one":[70],"with":[71,78],"only":[72],"national":[73],"other":[77],"introduction":[80],"The":[84,104],"main":[85],"findings":[86,167],"are":[87,120,131,137],"as":[88],"follows.":[89],"First,":[90],"identify":[92],"decisions":[95],"for":[96,122,192],"both":[97],"suppliers":[98],"in":[101,145,171],"each":[102],"scenario.":[103],"influencing":[105],"factors":[106],"include":[107],"perceived":[108],"quality,":[109],"costs,":[111],"stability.":[114],"Second,":[115],"find":[117],"that":[118],"there":[119],"constraints":[121,130],"activate":[125],"inventory,":[127,148],"but":[128],"these":[129],"less":[132],"restrictive":[133],"when":[134],"introduced.":[138],"Finally,":[139],"benefits":[143],"implementing":[146],"although":[149],"extent":[151],"impact":[154,177],"depends":[155],"conditions":[158],"which":[160],"stockpile":[163],"is":[164],"implemented.":[165],"These":[166],"fill":[168],"gap":[170],"existing":[173],"literature":[174],"brand":[180],"introductions":[181],"highlight":[189],"valuable":[190],"implications":[191],"business":[193],"decision-makers.":[194]},"counts_by_year":[],"updated_date":"2026-06-15T08:34:33.830935","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}