{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4402865262","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems12100394","title":"Airside Optimization Framework Covering Multiple Operations in Civil Airport Systems with a Variety of Aircraft: A Simulation-Based Digital Twin","display_name":"Airside Optimization Framework Covering Multiple Operations in Civil Airport Systems with a Variety of Aircraft: A Simulation-Based Digital Twin","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-09-26","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4402865262","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems12100394"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems12100394","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems12100394","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/12/10/394/pdf?version=1728378763","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/12/10/394/pdf?version=1728378763","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5045564246","display_name":"Ahmad Attar","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6479-7555"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I23923803","display_name":"University of Exeter","ror":"https://ror.org/03yghzc09","country_code":"GB","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}],"countries":["GB"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Ahmad Attar","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Engineering, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK","Exeter Digital Enterprise Systems (ExDES) Laboratory, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6479-7555","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Engineering, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Exeter Digital Enterprise Systems (ExDES) Laboratory, University of Exeter, Exeter EX4 4QF, UK","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5107581253","display_name":"Mahdi Babaee","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136830121","display_name":"Islamic Azad University South Tehran Branch","ror":"https://ror.org/02xc21a77","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I136830121"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Mahdi Babaee","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran 11518-63411, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran 11518-63411, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136830121"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5059511308","display_name":"Sadigh Raissi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4939-1335"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136830121","display_name":"Islamic Azad University South Tehran Branch","ror":"https://ror.org/02xc21a77","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I136830121"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Sadigh Raissi","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran 11518-63411, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran 11518-63411, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136830121"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5008362054","display_name":"Majid Nojavan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7163-5271"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I136830121","display_name":"Islamic Azad University South Tehran Branch","ror":"https://ror.org/02xc21a77","country_code":"IR","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I110525433","https://openalex.org/I136830121"]}],"countries":["IR"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Majid Nojavan","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Industrial Engineering, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran 11518-63411, Iran"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Industrial Engineering, Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, Tehran 11518-63411, Iran","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I136830121"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":2,"institutions_distinct_count":2,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5045564246"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I23923803"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":12.6845,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":13,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.98056129,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":98,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"10","first_page":"394","last_page":"394"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11489","display_name":"Air Traffic Management and Optimization","score":0.9998999834060669,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2202","display_name":"Aerospace Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11599","display_name":"Aviation Industry Analysis and Trends","score":0.9965999722480774,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10525","display_name":"Human-Automation Interaction and Safety","score":0.9943000078201294,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3207","display_name":"Social Psychology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/32","display_name":"Psychology"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/variety","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","score":0.812935471534729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/civil-aviation","display_name":"Civil aviation","score":0.5127342939376831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.5096490383148193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.3908050060272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aeronautics","display_name":"Aeronautics","score":0.3862107992172241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/operations-research","display_name":"Operations research","score":0.36482930183410645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/systems-engineering","display_name":"Systems engineering","score":0.34768742322921753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/transport-engineering","display_name":"Transport engineering","score":0.34147143363952637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aerospace-engineering","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","score":0.29934895038604736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/aviation","display_name":"Aviation","score":0.25423115491867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.07428440451622009}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136197465","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1729295","display_name":"Variety (cybernetics)","level":2,"score":0.812935471534729},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C512918668","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q206814","display_name":"Civil aviation","level":3,"score":0.5127342939376831},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.5096490383148193},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.3908050060272217},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178802073","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8421","display_name":"Aeronautics","level":1,"score":0.3862107992172241},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C42475967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q194292","display_name":"Operations research","level":1,"score":0.36482930183410645},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C201995342","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q682496","display_name":"Systems engineering","level":1,"score":0.34768742322921753},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C22212356","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q775325","display_name":"Transport engineering","level":1,"score":0.34147143363952637},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C146978453","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3798668","display_name":"Aerospace engineering","level":1,"score":0.29934895038604736},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C74448152","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q765633","display_name":"Aviation","level":2,"score":0.25423115491867065},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.07428440451622009}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems12100394","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems12100394","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/12/10/394/pdf?version=1728378763","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:5a319b83444441f199e3be3cd82f68a7","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/5a319b83444441f199e3be3cd82f68a7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems, Vol 12, Iss 10, p 394 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems12100394","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems12100394","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/12/10/394/pdf?version=1728378763","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402865262.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4402865262.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":47,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1805932762","https://openalex.org/W1980589459","https://openalex.org/W1993270608","https://openalex.org/W1994614602","https://openalex.org/W2128197834","https://openalex.org/W2344598484","https://openalex.org/W2392932085","https://openalex.org/W2517119610","https://openalex.org/W2522822863","https://openalex.org/W2784658774","https://openalex.org/W2909851171","https://openalex.org/W2999180962","https://openalex.org/W3033337054","https://openalex.org/W3049948780","https://openalex.org/W3093817124","https://openalex.org/W3113794631","https://openalex.org/W3133584471","https://openalex.org/W3137674222","https://openalex.org/W3139360555","https://openalex.org/W3146109226","https://openalex.org/W3160355531","https://openalex.org/W3206655804","https://openalex.org/W4213424100","https://openalex.org/W4234824502","https://openalex.org/W4245454086","https://openalex.org/W4294862274","https://openalex.org/W4313511316","https://openalex.org/W4319923599","https://openalex.org/W4323565831","https://openalex.org/W4378469875","https://openalex.org/W4383912615","https://openalex.org/W4388203823","https://openalex.org/W4388624906","https://openalex.org/W4388736226","https://openalex.org/W4391409141","https://openalex.org/W4391933219","https://openalex.org/W4392277381","https://openalex.org/W4396629783","https://openalex.org/W4399248456","https://openalex.org/W4399519582","https://openalex.org/W4400540546","https://openalex.org/W4402634091","https://openalex.org/W6772787931","https://openalex.org/W6782046651","https://openalex.org/W6854051372","https://openalex.org/W6869945379","https://openalex.org/W7018898704"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4212957699","https://openalex.org/W4213075786","https://openalex.org/W4213178924","https://openalex.org/W4213274421","https://openalex.org/W4213267779","https://openalex.org/W4213057903","https://openalex.org/W4213021151","https://openalex.org/W4205466024","https://openalex.org/W4213262575","https://openalex.org/W4212948585"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,88,150],"airside":[1],"is":[2,117],"a":[3,16,31,39,43,52,96,128,181,188],"principal":[4],"subsystem":[5],"in":[6,81,140,187,192],"the":[7,22,56,84,100,104,108,133,142,154,158,162,171,193,200],"intricate":[8],"airport":[9,41,197],"systems.":[10],"This":[11,28,185],"study":[12],"focuses":[13],"on":[14],"introducing":[15],"digital":[17,93],"twin":[18,94,116,160],"framework":[19,29,143],"for":[20,42,55],"analyzing":[21,175],"delays":[23,202],"and":[24,48,63,78,122,161],"capacity":[25,194],"of":[26,34,45,58,66,99,106,111,132,183,195],"airports.":[27],"encompasses":[30],"diverse":[32],"array":[33],"authentic":[35],"features":[36],"pertaining":[37],"to":[38],"civil":[40],"mixture":[44],"both":[46],"landing":[47],"departing":[49],"flights.":[50],"Being":[51],"decision":[53],"support":[54],"management":[57],"international":[59,148],"airports,":[60],"all":[61],"sizes":[62],"weight":[64],"categories":[65],"aircraft":[67],"are":[68],"considered":[69],"permissible,":[70],"each":[71],"with":[72,83,103,119],"their":[73],"own":[74],"unique":[75],"service":[76],"time":[77],"speed":[79],"requirements":[80],"accordance":[82],"global":[85],"aviation":[86],"regulations.":[87],"proposed":[89,159],"discrete":[90],"event":[91],"simulation":[92],"provides":[95],"real-time":[97],"demonstration":[98],"system":[101,173],"performance":[102,179],"possibility":[105],"predicting":[107],"future":[109,178],"outcomes":[110],"managerial":[112],"decisions.":[113],"Additionally,":[114],"this":[115,166,196],"equipped":[118],"an":[120,147],"advanced":[121],"realistic":[123],"3D":[124],"visualization":[125],"that":[126],"facilitates":[127],"more":[129],"comprehensive":[130],"understanding":[131],"ongoing":[134],"operations.":[135],"To":[136],"assess":[137],"its":[138,176],"efficiency":[139],"practice,":[141],"was":[144],"implemented":[145],"at":[146],"airport.":[149],"statistical":[151],"tests":[152],"revealed":[153],"superior":[155],"similarity":[156],"between":[157],"real":[163],"system.":[164],"Using":[165],"twin,":[167],"we":[168],"further":[169],"optimized":[170],"studied":[172],"by":[174,203],"projected":[177],"under":[180],"set":[182],"scenarios.":[184],"resulted":[186],"nearly":[189],"30%":[190],"upgrade":[191],"while":[198],"decreasing":[199],"expected":[201],"over":[204],"18%":[205],"annually.":[206]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":5},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":8}],"updated_date":"2026-08-18T07:49:30.821534","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}