{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4391684058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems12020056","title":"Redesigning the Drugs Distribution Network: The Case of the Italian National Healthcare Service","display_name":"Redesigning the Drugs Distribution Network: The Case of the Italian National Healthcare Service","publication_year":2024,"publication_date":"2024-02-09","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4391684058","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems12020056"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems12020056","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems12020056","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/12/2/56/pdf?version=1707480852","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/12/2/56/pdf?version=1707480852","any_repository_has_fulltext":false},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5080212787","display_name":"Federica Asperti","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8794-8491"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802304065","display_name":"University Carlo Cattaneo","ror":"https://ror.org/045x2ah69","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802304065"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Federica Asperti","raw_affiliation_strings":["Healthcare Data Science LAB, LIUC\u2014Carlo Cattaneo University, 21053 Castellanza, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0009-0000-8794-8491","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Healthcare Data Science LAB, LIUC\u2014Carlo Cattaneo University, 21053 Castellanza, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802304065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5081790956","display_name":"Emanuela Foglia","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1381-9069"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802304065","display_name":"University Carlo Cattaneo","ror":"https://ror.org/045x2ah69","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802304065"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Emanuela Foglia","raw_affiliation_strings":["Healthcare Data Science LAB, LIUC\u2014Carlo Cattaneo University, 21053 Castellanza, Italy"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1381-9069","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Healthcare Data Science LAB, LIUC\u2014Carlo Cattaneo University, 21053 Castellanza, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802304065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063672231","display_name":"Giovanni Pirovano","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802304065","display_name":"University Carlo Cattaneo","ror":"https://ror.org/045x2ah69","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802304065"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Giovanni Pirovano","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, LIUC\u2014Carlo Cattaneo University, 21053 Castellanza, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, LIUC\u2014Carlo Cattaneo University, 21053 Castellanza, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802304065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5032837226","display_name":"Rossella Pozzi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6610-3545"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802304065","display_name":"University Carlo Cattaneo","ror":"https://ror.org/045x2ah69","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802304065"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Rossella Pozzi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, LIUC\u2014Carlo Cattaneo University, 21053 Castellanza, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, LIUC\u2014Carlo Cattaneo University, 21053 Castellanza, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802304065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5044542517","display_name":"Tommaso Rossi","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8002-0604"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802304065","display_name":"University Carlo Cattaneo","ror":"https://ror.org/045x2ah69","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802304065"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tommaso Rossi","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Engineering, LIUC\u2014Carlo Cattaneo University, 21053 Castellanza, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Engineering, LIUC\u2014Carlo Cattaneo University, 21053 Castellanza, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802304065"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5005392028","display_name":"Maurizia Punginelli","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I115752224","display_name":"University of Insubria","ror":"https://ror.org/00s409261","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I115752224"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Maurizia Punginelli","raw_affiliation_strings":["Pharmaceutical Service, Territorial Health Service of Insubria, 21110 Varese, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Pharmaceutical Service, Territorial Health Service of Insubria, 21110 Varese, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I115752224"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5022820434","display_name":"Fabrizio Schettini","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5551-4741"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I2802304065","display_name":"University Carlo Cattaneo","ror":"https://ror.org/045x2ah69","country_code":"IT","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I2802304065"]}],"countries":["IT"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Fabrizio Schettini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Healthcare Data Science LAB, LIUC\u2014Carlo Cattaneo University, 21053 Castellanza, Italy"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Healthcare Data Science LAB, LIUC\u2014Carlo Cattaneo University, 21053 Castellanza, Italy","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802304065"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5080212787"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I2802304065"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":0.9252,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":3,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.70503455,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":95,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"12","issue":"2","first_page":"56","last_page":"56"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10496","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2717","display_name":"Geriatrics and Gerontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10496","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Practices and Patient Outcomes","score":0.9983999729156494,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2717","display_name":"Geriatrics and Gerontology"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11792","display_name":"Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy","score":0.9970999956130981,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10804","display_name":"Health Systems, Economic Evaluations, Quality of Life","score":0.9962999820709229,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pharmacy","display_name":"Pharmacy","score":0.7225438356399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6306959986686707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/distribution","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","score":0.5746416449546814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5683704018592834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/health-care","display_name":"Health care","score":0.5220434665679932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pandemic","display_name":"Pandemic","score":0.4732525944709778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.46247923374176025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.2695666551589966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.24734631180763245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/coronavirus-disease-2019","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","score":0.19572332501411438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nursing","display_name":"Nursing","score":0.18187642097473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/disease","display_name":"Disease","score":0.11510768532752991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.09762305021286011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economic-growth","display_name":"Economic growth","score":0.0890221893787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/geography","display_name":"Geography","score":0.08655154705047607}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104863432","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q614304","display_name":"Pharmacy","level":2,"score":0.7225438356399536},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6306959986686707},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C110121322","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q865811","display_name":"Distribution (mathematics)","level":2,"score":0.5746416449546814},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5683704018592834},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C160735492","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q31207","display_name":"Health care","level":2,"score":0.5220434665679932},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C89623803","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12184","display_name":"Pandemic","level":5,"score":0.4732525944709778},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.46247923374176025},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.2695666551589966},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.24734631180763245},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C3008058167","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q84263196","display_name":"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)","level":4,"score":0.19572332501411438},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C159110408","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q121176","display_name":"Nursing","level":1,"score":0.18187642097473145},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779134260","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q12136","display_name":"Disease","level":2,"score":0.11510768532752991},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.09762305021286011},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C50522688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q189833","display_name":"Economic growth","level":1,"score":0.0890221893787384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C205649164","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1071","display_name":"Geography","level":0,"score":0.08655154705047607},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C142724271","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7208","display_name":"Pathology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C134306372","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7754","display_name":"Mathematical analysis","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C166957645","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q23498","display_name":"Archaeology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C524204448","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q788926","display_name":"Infectious disease (medical specialty)","level":3,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems12020056","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems12020056","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/12/2/56/pdf?version=1707480852","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:be557976b86a4828aa61d8bc2a01cf48","is_oa":false,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/be557976b86a4828aa61d8bc2a01cf48","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":null,"license_id":null,"version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems, Vol 12, Iss 2, p 56 (2024)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems12020056","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems12020056","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/12/2/56/pdf?version=1707480852","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Good health and well-being","score":0.6700000166893005,"id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/3"}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2773194893","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"2020-4155","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321499","funder_display_name":"Fondazione Cariplo"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321499","display_name":"Fondazione Cariplo","ror":"https://ror.org/01gb56c55"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":false},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4391684058.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":30,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1973193498","https://openalex.org/W1986449691","https://openalex.org/W2037378588","https://openalex.org/W2039236068","https://openalex.org/W2050662152","https://openalex.org/W2082490233","https://openalex.org/W2095819085","https://openalex.org/W2141395970","https://openalex.org/W2346114074","https://openalex.org/W2514553868","https://openalex.org/W2743965057","https://openalex.org/W2771291220","https://openalex.org/W2945078742","https://openalex.org/W2966229829","https://openalex.org/W3038710866","https://openalex.org/W3090936237","https://openalex.org/W3118696680","https://openalex.org/W3121432370","https://openalex.org/W3174232861","https://openalex.org/W3183455096","https://openalex.org/W3215777836","https://openalex.org/W4205930733","https://openalex.org/W4220713725","https://openalex.org/W4306377785","https://openalex.org/W4309281598","https://openalex.org/W4318485504","https://openalex.org/W6762236833","https://openalex.org/W6790131022","https://openalex.org/W6806535713","https://openalex.org/W7065549800"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4285744524","https://openalex.org/W2168506491","https://openalex.org/W2092466058","https://openalex.org/W3136336094","https://openalex.org/W2767064241","https://openalex.org/W3217520525","https://openalex.org/W4200558412","https://openalex.org/W2069062969","https://openalex.org/W428834070","https://openalex.org/W4387501576"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Drug":[0],"distribution":[1,133],"performed":[2],"through":[3],"hospital":[4],"pharmacies":[5,24],"facilitates":[6],"public":[7],"expenditure":[8],"savings":[9],"but":[10],"incurs":[11],"higher":[12],"social":[13,150],"costs":[14],"for":[15,90,116],"patients":[16],"and":[17,109,139,149],"caregivers.":[18],"The":[19,34],"widespread":[20],"presence":[21],"of":[22,36,61,106,130],"community":[23,97],"could":[25,47],"support":[26,80],"patient":[27],"access":[28],"while":[29,112],"also":[30,49,113],"improving":[31],"drug":[32,132],"distribution.":[33],"implementation":[35],"prescriptive":[37],"data":[38],"analyses":[39],"as":[40,144,146],"constrained":[41],"optimization":[42],"to":[43,85,100],"achieve":[44],"specific":[45],"objectives,":[46],"be":[48,94],"applied":[50],"with":[51],"good":[52],"results":[53],"in":[54,74,103,125],"the":[55,59,62,67,104,117,122,127,131],"healthcare":[56,110],"context.":[57],"Assuming":[58],"perspective":[60],"Italian":[63],"National":[64],"Healthcare":[65],"Service,":[66],"present":[68],"study,":[69],"built":[70],"upon":[71],"existing":[72],"research":[73],"this":[75],"field,":[76],"proposes":[77],"a":[78],"decision":[79],"tool":[81,123],"that":[82],"is":[83],"able":[84],"define":[86],"which":[87],"self-administered":[88],"drugs":[89],"chronic":[91],"diseases":[92],"should":[93],"distributed":[95],"by":[96],"pharmacies,":[98],"answering":[99],"critical":[101],"challenges":[102],"case":[105],"future":[107],"pandemics":[108],"emergencies,":[111],"providing":[114],"suggestions":[115],"institutional":[118],"decision-making":[119],"process.":[120],"Moreover,":[121],"aids":[124],"determining":[126],"optimal":[128],"setup":[129],"network,":[134],"comparing":[135],"centralized":[136],"(hospital":[137],"pharmacies)":[138,142],"decentralized":[140],"(community":[141],"approaches,":[143],"well":[145],"their":[147],"economic":[148],"implications.":[151]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-21T06:26:12.895304","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
