{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4389130437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11120562","title":"Group Buying Pricing Strategies of O2O Restaurants in Meituan Considering Service Levels","display_name":"Group Buying Pricing Strategies of O2O Restaurants in Meituan Considering Service Levels","publication_year":2023,"publication_date":"2023-11-29","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4389130437","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11120562"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems11120562","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11120562","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/11/12/562/pdf?version=1701316715","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/11/12/562/pdf?version=1701316715","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101068756","display_name":"Debao Dai","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7285-0931"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Debao Dai","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104204983","display_name":"Huixian Ma","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Huixian Ma","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Management, Shanghai University, Shanghai 200444, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101907684","display_name":"Min Zhao","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5616-2389"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I113940042","display_name":"Shanghai University","ror":"https://ror.org/006teas31","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Min Zhao","raw_affiliation_strings":["SILC Business School, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"SILC Business School, Shanghai University, Shanghai 201800, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5046691301","display_name":"Tijun Fan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5267-1728"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I143593769","display_name":"East China University of Science and Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/01vyrm377","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Tijun Fan","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Business, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Business, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I143593769"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":4,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5104204983"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I113940042"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":1.1096,"has_fulltext":true,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.8294705,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":91,"max":99},"biblio":{"volume":"11","issue":"12","first_page":"562","last_page":"562"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11536","display_name":"Consumer Retail Behavior Studies","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11536","display_name":"Consumer Retail Behavior Studies","score":0.9959999918937683,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10609","display_name":"Digital Marketing and Social Media","score":0.9951000213623047,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3312","display_name":"Sociology and Political Science"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11161","display_name":"Consumer Market Behavior and Pricing","score":0.9869999885559082,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1406","display_name":"Marketing"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/14","display_name":"Business, Management and Accounting"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.6802856922149658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/profit","display_name":"Profit (economics)","score":0.643765926361084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/service","display_name":"Service (business)","score":0.548027515411377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.5186904668807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/thriving","display_name":"Thriving","score":0.5154095888137817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/pricing-strategies","display_name":"Pricing strategies","score":0.48123884201049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/advertising","display_name":"Advertising","score":0.4301457107067108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.22511470317840576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.1709042191505432}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.6802856922149658},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C181622380","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q26911","display_name":"Profit (economics)","level":2,"score":0.643765926361084},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780378061","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q25351891","display_name":"Service (business)","level":2,"score":0.548027515411377},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.5186904668807983},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776745293","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7798302","display_name":"Thriving","level":2,"score":0.5154095888137817},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2780193402","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3394670","display_name":"Pricing strategies","level":2,"score":0.48123884201049805},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C112698675","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q37038","display_name":"Advertising","level":1,"score":0.4301457107067108},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.22511470317840576},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.1709042191505432},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144024400","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21201","display_name":"Sociology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C36289849","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q34749","display_name":"Social science","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":2,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems11120562","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11120562","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/11/12/562/pdf?version=1701316715","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:119b8927e8f243abb376010832cd1e1c","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/119b8927e8f243abb376010832cd1e1c","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems, Vol 11, Iss 12, p 562 (2023)","raw_type":"article"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems11120562","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems11120562","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/11/12/562/pdf?version=1701316715","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2087396116","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"China","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G2380600054","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72032001, 71972071","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G3317480652","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Science","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G4680541467","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71972071","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G5994120800","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"Natural","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/G6858751178","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"72032001","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389130437.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4389130437.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":53,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1933909675","https://openalex.org/W2029092283","https://openalex.org/W2079521691","https://openalex.org/W2336087035","https://openalex.org/W2581936364","https://openalex.org/W2790685739","https://openalex.org/W2793718967","https://openalex.org/W2802157214","https://openalex.org/W2810388653","https://openalex.org/W2890409115","https://openalex.org/W2909317247","https://openalex.org/W2909564954","https://openalex.org/W2912257386","https://openalex.org/W2912681823","https://openalex.org/W2913019973","https://openalex.org/W2957673371","https://openalex.org/W2976084728","https://openalex.org/W2996567660","https://openalex.org/W3043012947","https://openalex.org/W3043882958","https://openalex.org/W3092759753","https://openalex.org/W3129800834","https://openalex.org/W3153623253","https://openalex.org/W3193890908","https://openalex.org/W3207262499","https://openalex.org/W3209970599","https://openalex.org/W3215507436","https://openalex.org/W3216690595","https://openalex.org/W4200191880","https://openalex.org/W4200622662","https://openalex.org/W4211098538","https://openalex.org/W4212991725","https://openalex.org/W4220712529","https://openalex.org/W4224317396","https://openalex.org/W4282918192","https://openalex.org/W4283033919","https://openalex.org/W4283643538","https://openalex.org/W4283712962","https://openalex.org/W4308905614","https://openalex.org/W4312205791","https://openalex.org/W4313286826","https://openalex.org/W4313530145","https://openalex.org/W4320890594","https://openalex.org/W4375945139","https://openalex.org/W4375950131","https://openalex.org/W4386700134","https://openalex.org/W4386843965","https://openalex.org/W4386881085","https://openalex.org/W6732550195","https://openalex.org/W6758807909","https://openalex.org/W6781223177","https://openalex.org/W6848438852","https://openalex.org/W6851693002"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W3110653194","https://openalex.org/W1964821925","https://openalex.org/W2165054589","https://openalex.org/W2316932825","https://openalex.org/W4401925798","https://openalex.org/W4375951624","https://openalex.org/W3209322685","https://openalex.org/W2625819229","https://openalex.org/W4399654181","https://openalex.org/W2350958285"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"After":[0],"the":[1,6,34,56,63,72,76,91,104,109,130,135,141,148,152,163,169,185,187,189],"COVID-19":[2],"pandemic":[3],"has":[4,9],"subsided,":[5],"catering":[7],"industry":[8],"returned":[10],"to":[11,29,52,140,168,202,209],"its":[12],"previous":[13],"thriving":[14],"scene.":[15],"Many":[16],"restaurants":[17,41,67,199,211],"have":[18],"launched":[19],"group":[20,85],"buying":[21,86],"services":[22],"and":[23,37,42,54,59,68,83,89,106,111,143,147,154,200,206,212],"collaborate":[24],"with":[25],"third-party":[26],"online":[27,43,80,84],"platforms":[28,201,213],"attract":[30],"more":[31,179,215],"customers.":[32],"For":[33],"optimal":[35,121,126],"decisions":[36],"maximum":[38,116,160],"profits":[39,117],"of":[40,66,75,129,138,151,162,171],"platforms,":[44,69],"a":[45,196],"two-layer":[46],"supply":[47],"chain":[48],"model":[49],"is":[50,165],"designed":[51],"investigate":[53],"study":[55],"price":[57,204],"strategies":[58,128,205],"service":[60,64,145,156,207],"strategies.":[61,123],"Considering":[62],"levels":[65],"we":[70],"construct":[71],"mathematical":[73],"expressions":[74],"offline":[77],"retail":[78,81],"model,":[79,82,87],"respectively,":[88],"solve":[90],"game":[92],"equilibrium.":[93],"The":[94,125,159,178,192],"results":[95,194],"are":[96,132,176,183],"shown":[97],"as":[98],"follows:":[99],"(1)":[100],"With":[101],"cooperation":[102],"between":[103],"restaurant":[105,110,131,142,153,164,190],"platform,":[107],"both":[108],"platform":[112],"can":[113],"obtain":[114],"their":[115],"when":[118],"they":[119],"apply":[120],"pricing":[122,127],"(2)":[124],"influenced":[133],"by":[134],"sensitivity":[136],"coefficients":[137,150],"customers":[139],"platform\u2019s":[144,155],"levels,":[146],"cost":[149],"levels.":[157],"(3)":[158],"profit":[161,188],"directly":[166],"proportional":[167],"number":[170],"new":[172],"potential":[173,180],"consumers":[174,181],"who":[175,182],"attracted.":[177],"attracted,":[184],"higher":[186],"earns.":[191],"research":[193],"provide":[195],"reference":[197],"for":[198],"formulate":[203],"strategies,":[208],"help":[210],"achieve":[214],"profits.":[216]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-04-10T15:06:20.359241","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}