{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4285094664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems10040100","title":"How to Promote Online Education through Educational Software\u2014An Analytical Study of Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling with Chinese Users as an Example","display_name":"How to Promote Online Education through Educational Software\u2014An Analytical Study of Factor Analysis and Structural Equation Modeling with Chinese Users as an Example","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-07-11","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4285094664","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems10040100"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems10040100","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems10040100","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/10/4/100/pdf?version=1657605348","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/10/4/100/pdf?version=1657605348","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5020401998","display_name":"Zheng Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6883-4568"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zheng Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Design, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6883-4568","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Design, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5029033850","display_name":"Qianling Jiang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-6571"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Qianling Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Design, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7223-6571","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Design, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101460433","display_name":"Zichao Li","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3186-1132"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I111599522","display_name":"Jiangnan University","ror":"https://ror.org/04mkzax54","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Zichao Li","raw_affiliation_strings":["School of Design, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"School of Design, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5029033850"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I111599522"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1732},"fwci":4.6633,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":11,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.95134138,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":94,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"4","first_page":"100","last_page":"100"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10068","display_name":"Technology Adoption and User Behaviour","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10068","display_name":"Technology Adoption and User Behaviour","score":0.9916999936103821,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1802","display_name":"Information Systems and Management"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/18","display_name":"Decision Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11122","display_name":"Online Learning and Analytics","score":0.9904999732971191,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/1706","display_name":"Computer Science Applications"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/17","display_name":"Computer Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10162","display_name":"Online and Blended Learning","score":0.9901000261306763,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3304","display_name":"Education"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/33","display_name":"Social Sciences"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/structural-equation-modeling","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","score":0.7967221736907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/context","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","score":0.6016749143600464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/affect","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","score":0.5887796878814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/psychology","display_name":"Psychology","score":0.5688326358795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quality","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","score":0.5583763718605042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/class","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","score":0.5329789519309998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/perception","display_name":"Perception","score":0.5176982879638672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/applied-psychology","display_name":"Applied psychology","score":0.3919847011566162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.3829771876335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/social-psychology","display_name":"Social psychology","score":0.3396000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/knowledge-management","display_name":"Knowledge management","score":0.32732194662094116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/artificial-intelligence","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","score":0.10004696249961853}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71104824","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1476639","display_name":"Structural equation modeling","level":2,"score":0.7967221736907959},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779343474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3109175","display_name":"Context (archaeology)","level":2,"score":0.6016749143600464},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776035688","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1606558","display_name":"Affect (linguistics)","level":2,"score":0.5887796878814697},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C15744967","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9418","display_name":"Psychology","level":0,"score":0.5688326358795166},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779530757","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1207505","display_name":"Quality (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5583763718605042},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777212361","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5127848","display_name":"Class (philosophy)","level":2,"score":0.5329789519309998},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C26760741","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160402","display_name":"Perception","level":2,"score":0.5176982879638672},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C75630572","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q538904","display_name":"Applied psychology","level":1,"score":0.3919847011566162},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.3829771876335144},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C77805123","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q161272","display_name":"Social psychology","level":1,"score":0.3396000266075134},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C56739046","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q192060","display_name":"Knowledge management","level":1,"score":0.32732194662094116},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C154945302","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11660","display_name":"Artificial intelligence","level":1,"score":0.10004696249961853},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C111472728","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q9471","display_name":"Epistemology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C138885662","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5891","display_name":"Philosophy","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C46312422","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11024","display_name":"Communication","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C169760540","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q207011","display_name":"Neuroscience","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119857082","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2539","display_name":"Machine learning","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151730666","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7205","display_name":"Paleontology","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems10040100","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems10040100","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/10/4/100/pdf?version=1657605348","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:62f427089bea4305bc51dd5e03d9efd8","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/62f427089bea4305bc51dd5e03d9efd8","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems, Vol 10, Iss 4, p 100 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2079-8954/10/4/100/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems10040100","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems; Volume 10; Issue 4; Pages: 100","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems10040100","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems10040100","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/10/4/100/pdf?version=1657605348","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"score":0.7099999785423279,"display_name":"Quality Education","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/4"}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285094664.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4285094664.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":110,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1501840270","https://openalex.org/W1562208008","https://openalex.org/W1596801600","https://openalex.org/W1721421031","https://openalex.org/W1747315796","https://openalex.org/W1791587663","https://openalex.org/W1974064148","https://openalex.org/W1976263539","https://openalex.org/W1979125880","https://openalex.org/W1979610669","https://openalex.org/W1980569376","https://openalex.org/W1982979344","https://openalex.org/W1995949104","https://openalex.org/W1997320786","https://openalex.org/W2005215882","https://openalex.org/W2014960257","https://openalex.org/W2020117039","https://openalex.org/W2022510287","https://openalex.org/W2033683658","https://openalex.org/W2042206066","https://openalex.org/W2042395120","https://openalex.org/W2042432542","https://openalex.org/W2057012437","https://openalex.org/W2059818090","https://openalex.org/W2077961933","https://openalex.org/W2099697766","https://openalex.org/W2100379340","https://openalex.org/W2110506823","https://openalex.org/W2112284093","https://openalex.org/W2120736825","https://openalex.org/W2142341968","https://openalex.org/W2142801253","https://openalex.org/W2153325215","https://openalex.org/W2160107503","https://openalex.org/W2237155434","https://openalex.org/W2255477244","https://openalex.org/W2280226233","https://openalex.org/W2287207173","https://openalex.org/W2288952191","https://openalex.org/W2326749973","https://openalex.org/W2329442499","https://openalex.org/W2338861376","https://openalex.org/W2469982600","https://openalex.org/W2471699996","https://openalex.org/W2518887790","https://openalex.org/W2533135977","https://openalex.org/W2564148580","https://openalex.org/W2794401679","https://openalex.org/W2887039808","https://openalex.org/W2887918591","https://openalex.org/W2896548965","https://openalex.org/W2898977791","https://openalex.org/W2899195812","https://openalex.org/W2900717858","https://openalex.org/W2919556327","https://openalex.org/W2949415664","https://openalex.org/W2968091587","https://openalex.org/W2977013642","https://openalex.org/W2977518582","https://openalex.org/W3001480391","https://openalex.org/W3005586153","https://openalex.org/W3007367835","https://openalex.org/W3015316705","https://openalex.org/W3024396728","https://openalex.org/W3024732639","https://openalex.org/W3033930335","https://openalex.org/W3049449064","https://openalex.org/W3083596018","https://openalex.org/W3092941507","https://openalex.org/W3111823954","https://openalex.org/W3113784633","https://openalex.org/W3116276867","https://openalex.org/W3124803140","https://openalex.org/W3147466657","https://openalex.org/W3153077937","https://openalex.org/W3153799811","https://openalex.org/W3171303324","https://openalex.org/W3183891494","https://openalex.org/W3184679583","https://openalex.org/W3189026495","https://openalex.org/W3200772852","https://openalex.org/W3210383951","https://openalex.org/W3215400054","https://openalex.org/W4200536531","https://openalex.org/W4205297140","https://openalex.org/W4220860272","https://openalex.org/W4220958229","https://openalex.org/W4221026531","https://openalex.org/W4224981372","https://openalex.org/W4229007710","https://openalex.org/W4235678817","https://openalex.org/W4251859756","https://openalex.org/W4280625125","https://openalex.org/W4281652878","https://openalex.org/W4282835213","https://openalex.org/W4292808503","https://openalex.org/W4294113920","https://openalex.org/W6635531585","https://openalex.org/W6637726427","https://openalex.org/W6661160675","https://openalex.org/W6689800007","https://openalex.org/W6696548362","https://openalex.org/W6703457097","https://openalex.org/W6719885151","https://openalex.org/W6720364629","https://openalex.org/W6755422596","https://openalex.org/W6779556180","https://openalex.org/W6798337678","https://openalex.org/W6838731271","https://openalex.org/W6842624619"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2024934382","https://openalex.org/W2303173273","https://openalex.org/W2513767888","https://openalex.org/W3147308590","https://openalex.org/W1528049813","https://openalex.org/W1968285868","https://openalex.org/W2364043478","https://openalex.org/W4388140417","https://openalex.org/W3153451317","https://openalex.org/W4313635805"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"Online":[0],"learning":[1,47,128],"has":[2],"emerged":[3],"as":[4,15,17,193],"a":[5,63,219],"fresh":[6],"method":[7],"to":[8,39,43,99,202],"successfully":[9],"prevent":[10],"teacher":[11],"and":[12,61,89,92,112,135,156,167,198,212],"student":[13],"gatherings":[14],"well":[16],"the":[18,23,26,30,53,85,101,136,139,150,160,176],"propagation":[19],"of":[20,25,29,35,59,87,178,186],"viruses":[21],"in":[22,45],"context":[24],"ongoing":[27],"influence":[28],"COVID-19.":[31],"A":[32],"problem":[33],"deserving":[34],"consideration":[36],"is":[37,169],"how":[38],"increase":[40],"users\u2019":[41,57,126,164,184,204],"desire":[42],"participate":[44],"online":[46,49,79,94,127,187,205,224],"through":[48],"class":[50,80,188,225],"APPs,":[51],"identify":[52],"variables":[54],"that":[55,121],"affect":[56],"use":[58,185],"them,":[60],"create":[62],"useful":[64],"assessment":[65,108],"scale.":[66],"In":[67,200],"this":[68],"study,":[69],"user":[70,207],"ratings":[71],"from":[72],"68":[73],"students":[74],"who":[75],"had":[76,122],"used":[77],"an":[78,123],"APP":[81],"were":[82,96,110,116,130,141],"collected":[83],"using":[84,132,143],"combination":[86],"qualitative":[88],"quantitative":[90],"research,":[91],"200":[93],"questionnaires":[95,109],"sent":[97],"out":[98],"complement":[100],"interview":[102],"findings,":[103],"based":[104],"on":[105,125],"which":[106],"328":[107],"gathered":[111],"23":[113],"valid":[114],"items":[115],"obtained.":[117],"The":[118,181],"influencing":[119,152,163,183],"elements":[120],"impact":[124],"experiences":[129],"identified":[131,192],"factor":[133],"analysis,":[134],"relationships":[137],"among":[138],"components":[140],"investigated":[142],"structural":[144],"equation":[145],"modeling.":[146],"Perceived":[147],"benefits":[148],"are":[149,159,190],"main":[151],"factors,":[153],"subjective":[154,172],"norms":[155,173],"functional":[157,179,196],"quality":[158,197],"direct":[161],"factors":[162,182],"perceived":[165,194],"benefits,":[166,195],"self-efficacy":[168],"influenced":[170],"by":[171],"while":[174,222],"promoting":[175],"perception":[177],"quality.":[180],"APPs":[189],"ultimately":[191],"self-efficacy.":[199],"order":[201],"facilitate":[203],"learning,":[206],"psychological":[208],"traits,":[209],"social":[210],"ties":[211],"software":[213],"functions":[214],"should":[215],"be":[216],"integrated":[217],"into":[218],"cohesive":[220],"system":[221],"designing":[223],"APPs.":[226]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":4},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2022-07-14T00:00:00"}
