{"id":"https://openalex.org/W4210352974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems10010012","title":"Simulation of Cooperation Scenarios of BRI-Related Countries Based on a GVC Network","display_name":"Simulation of Cooperation Scenarios of BRI-Related Countries Based on a GVC Network","publication_year":2022,"publication_date":"2022-02-03","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W4210352974","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems10010012"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems10010012","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems10010012","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/10/1/12/pdf?version=1644577601","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/10/1/12/pdf?version=1644577601","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003249083","display_name":"Dawei Wang","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3763-482X"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Dawei Wang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5101530275","display_name":"Jun Guan","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8800-1109"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Jun Guan","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5104281387","display_name":"Chunxiu Liu","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chunxiu Liu","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5091149569","display_name":"Chuke Jiang","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I116036724","display_name":"Shenyang Ligong University","ror":"https://ror.org/03m20nr07","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I116036724"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Chuke Jiang","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Economics & Management, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110170, China"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Economics & Management, Shenyang Ligong University, Shenyang 110170, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I116036724"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5065442173","display_name":"Lizhi Xing","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9554-5414"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I109173049","display_name":"Beijing Foreign Studies University","ror":"https://ror.org/00jdr0662","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I109173049"]},{"id":"https://openalex.org/I37796252","display_name":"Beijing University of Technology","ror":"https://ror.org/037b1pp87","country_code":"CN","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]}],"countries":["CN"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Lizhi Xing","raw_affiliation_strings":["College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China","International Business School, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing 100089, China"],"raw_orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-9554-5414","affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"College of Economics and Management, Beijing University of Technology, Beijing 100124, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I37796252"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"International Business School, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing 100089, China","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109173049"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5065442173"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I109173049","https://openalex.org/I37796252"],"apc_list":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"apc_paid":{"value":1600,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":1782},"fwci":2.8682,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":8,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.90951827,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":true},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":97},"biblio":{"volume":"10","issue":"1","first_page":"12","last_page":"12"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10128","display_name":"Global trade and economics","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2000","display_name":"General Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T14143","display_name":"Economic and Technological Innovation","score":0.9519000053405762,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2002","display_name":"Economics and Econometrics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/20","display_name":"Economics, Econometrics and Finance"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/2","display_name":"Social Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10435","display_name":"Environmental Impact and Sustainability","score":0.9505000114440918,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2305","display_name":"Environmental Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/23","display_name":"Environmental Science"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upstream","display_name":"Upstream (networking)","score":0.7467591762542725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/downstream","display_name":"Downstream (manufacturing)","score":0.7163426876068115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/industrial-organization","display_name":"Industrial organization","score":0.6153926253318787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/index","display_name":"Index (typography)","score":0.575067937374115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/business","display_name":"Business","score":0.5569738149642944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/competition","display_name":"Competition (biology)","score":0.5072543025016785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/global-value-chain","display_name":"Global value chain","score":0.49595507979393005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bipartite-graph","display_name":"Bipartite graph","score":0.4927087128162384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/upstream-and-downstream","display_name":"Upstream and downstream (DNA)","score":0.48048320412635803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/resource","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","score":0.4726532995700836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/table","display_name":"Table (database)","score":0.44724997878074646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/production","display_name":"Production (economics)","score":0.4355493485927582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.40910643339157104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/graph","display_name":"Graph","score":0.3396522104740143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/international-trade","display_name":"International trade","score":0.2243654727935791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/economics","display_name":"Economics","score":0.21429824829101562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/marketing","display_name":"Marketing","score":0.18831244111061096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/telecommunications","display_name":"Telecommunications","score":0.15188980102539062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/microeconomics","display_name":"Microeconomics","score":0.12586882710456848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/data-mining","display_name":"Data mining","score":0.11064961552619934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/comparative-advantage","display_name":"Comparative advantage","score":0.09604549407958984}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C191172861","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7899321","display_name":"Upstream (networking)","level":2,"score":0.7467591762542725},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2776207758","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5303302","display_name":"Downstream (manufacturing)","level":2,"score":0.7163426876068115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C40700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1411783","display_name":"Industrial organization","level":1,"score":0.6153926253318787},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2777382242","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q6017816","display_name":"Index (typography)","level":2,"score":0.575067937374115},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C144133560","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q4830453","display_name":"Business","level":0,"score":0.5569738149642944},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C91306197","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q45767","display_name":"Competition (biology)","level":2,"score":0.5072543025016785},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778764706","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q17154120","display_name":"Global value chain","level":3,"score":0.49595507979393005},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C197657726","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q174733","display_name":"Bipartite graph","level":3,"score":0.4927087128162384},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158980903","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7899329","display_name":"Upstream and downstream (DNA)","level":3,"score":0.48048320412635803},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C206345919","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q20380951","display_name":"Resource (disambiguation)","level":2,"score":0.4726532995700836},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C45235069","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q278425","display_name":"Table (database)","level":2,"score":0.44724997878074646},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2778348673","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q739302","display_name":"Production (economics)","level":2,"score":0.4355493485927582},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.40910643339157104},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C132525143","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q141488","display_name":"Graph","level":2,"score":0.3396522104740143},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C155202549","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q178803","display_name":"International trade","level":1,"score":0.2243654727935791},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162324750","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8134","display_name":"Economics","level":0,"score":0.21429824829101562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C162853370","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39809","display_name":"Marketing","level":1,"score":0.18831244111061096},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76155785","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q418","display_name":"Telecommunications","level":1,"score":0.15188980102539062},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C175444787","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q39072","display_name":"Microeconomics","level":1,"score":0.12586882710456848},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C124101348","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q172491","display_name":"Data mining","level":1,"score":0.11064961552619934},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C76474335","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q215551","display_name":"Comparative advantage","level":2,"score":0.09604549407958984},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C31258907","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q1301371","display_name":"Computer network","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C80444323","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2878974","display_name":"Theoretical computer science","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C136764020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q466","display_name":"World Wide Web","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C18903297","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7150","display_name":"Ecology","level":1,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems10010012","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems10010012","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/10/1/12/pdf?version=1644577601","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:665ff9d09886446d92e8e9f96e78edbf","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/665ff9d09886446d92e8e9f96e78edbf","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems, Vol 10, Iss 1, p 12 (2022)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2079-8954/10/1/12/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://dx.doi.org/10.3390/systems10010012","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/systems10010012","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/systems10010012","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2079-8954/10/1/12/pdf?version=1644577601","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4210219410","display_name":"Systems","issn_l":"2079-8954","issn":["2079-8954"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Systems","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Partnerships for the goals","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/17","score":0.5}],"awards":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/G1539106452","display_name":null,"funder_award_id":"71971006","funder_id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","funder_display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China"}],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320321001","display_name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","ror":"https://ror.org/01h0zpd94"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":false,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W4210352974.pdf"},"referenced_works_count":28,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W933722489","https://openalex.org/W1548430471","https://openalex.org/W1893639437","https://openalex.org/W2012131305","https://openalex.org/W2125315567","https://openalex.org/W2156203513","https://openalex.org/W2404759423","https://openalex.org/W2564183786","https://openalex.org/W2607072471","https://openalex.org/W2752430121","https://openalex.org/W2768583211","https://openalex.org/W2768778449","https://openalex.org/W2789891957","https://openalex.org/W2793865039","https://openalex.org/W2805130523","https://openalex.org/W2897550795","https://openalex.org/W2942665704","https://openalex.org/W2944799124","https://openalex.org/W2946303422","https://openalex.org/W2976175463","https://openalex.org/W3013478045","https://openalex.org/W3021684721","https://openalex.org/W3119825101","https://openalex.org/W3156685360","https://openalex.org/W4243262267","https://openalex.org/W4252895620","https://openalex.org/W6745877876","https://openalex.org/W7049286019"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2241146542","https://openalex.org/W3113528484","https://openalex.org/W4322775356","https://openalex.org/W3125376000","https://openalex.org/W2373560751","https://openalex.org/W2088945351","https://openalex.org/W3124485524","https://openalex.org/W2348356937","https://openalex.org/W2738872473","https://openalex.org/W2212782980"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,118],"inter-country":[1],"input\u2013output":[2,91],"table":[3,18],"is":[4,105],"appropriate":[5],"for":[6,45,75],"presenting":[7],"sophisticated":[8],"inter-industry":[9,73,102],"dependencies":[10],"from":[11,30,77],"a":[12,97],"global":[13,141],"perspective.":[14],"Using":[15],"the":[16,22,37,57,109,114,131,136,140,153,169],"above":[17],"one":[19],"can":[20],"perceive":[21],"amount":[23],"of":[24,39,101,139,157],"production":[25],"resources":[26],"that":[27,42],"sectors":[28,43,55],"obtain":[29],"their":[31,46],"upstream":[32,78],"ones,":[33],"as":[34,36],"well":[35],"number":[38],"productive":[40],"capacities":[41],"provide":[44],"downstream":[47,68,85],"ones.":[48],"In":[49,94],"other":[50],"words,":[51],"competition/collaboration":[52],"occurs":[53],"when":[54],"share":[56],"same":[58],"providers/consumers":[59],"because":[60],"all":[61],"sectors\u2019":[62],"products":[63],"and":[64,113,122,155,164,171],"services":[65],"outputted":[66],"to":[67,84,128,151,168],"ones":[69],"are":[70,126,148],"limited.":[71],"Thus,":[72],"competition":[74],"inputs":[76],"sectors,":[79,86],"or":[80],"collaboration":[81],"on":[82,108],"outputs":[83],"may":[87],"be":[88],"quantified":[89],"with":[90],"matrix":[92],"transformation.":[93],"this":[95],"paper,":[96],"novel":[98],"analytical":[99],"framework":[100],"collaborative":[103],"relations":[104],"established":[106],"based":[107],"bipartite":[110],"graph":[111],"theory":[112],"resource":[115],"allocation":[116],"process.":[117],"Collaborative":[119,123],"Opportunity":[120],"Index":[121],"Threat":[124],"index":[125],"designed":[127],"quantitatively":[129],"measure":[130],"industrial":[132],"influence":[133],"hidden":[134],"in":[135],"topological":[137],"structure":[138],"value":[142],"chain":[143],"(GVC)":[144],"network.":[145],"Scenario":[146],"simulations":[147],"carried":[149],"out":[150],"forecast":[152],"potential":[154],"trends":[156],"international":[158],"capacity":[159],"cooperation":[160],"within":[161],"Asian,":[162],"European,":[163],"African":[165],"nations":[166],"related":[167],"Belt":[170],"Road":[172],"Initiative,":[173],"respectively.":[174]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2025,"cited_by_count":3},{"year":2024,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2023,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2022,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-07-22T07:51:19.307946","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
