{"id":"https://openalex.org/W2151758301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym7031436","title":"Asymmetry Assessment Using Surface Topography in Healthy Adolescents","display_name":"Asymmetry Assessment Using Surface Topography in Healthy Adolescents","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-08-17","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W2151758301","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym7031436","mag":"2151758301"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym7031436","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym7031436","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/7/3/1436/pdf?version=1439828117","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/7/3/1436/pdf?version=1439828117","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5077929175","display_name":"Connie Suk\u2010Han Ho","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5533-8621"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Connie Ho","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton,  AB T6G 2V4, Canada","Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton,  AB T6G 2V4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Chemical and Materials Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2V4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5051037234","display_name":"\u00c9ric Parent","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3835-0607"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Eric Parent","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Physical Therapy, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5112238178","display_name":"Elise M. Watkins","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Elise Watkins","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2G4, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110295867","display_name":"Marc Moreau","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marc Moreau","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5110047585","display_name":"Douglas Hedden","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Douglas Hedden","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Surgery, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2B7, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5003062034","display_name":"Marwan El\u2010Rich","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0394-0079"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Marwan El-Rich","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton,  AB T6G 2W2, Canada","Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2W2, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton,  AB T6G 2W2, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2W2, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5085137473","display_name":"Samer Adeeb","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3750-2963"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I154425047","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27","country_code":"CA","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}],"countries":["CA"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Samer Adeeb","raw_affiliation_strings":["Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton,  AB T6G 2W2, Canada","Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2W2, Canada"],"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton,  AB T6G 2W2, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]},{"raw_affiliation_string":"Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB T6G 2W2, Canada","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":7,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5077929175"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I154425047"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.8864,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":9,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.76166261,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":89,"max":98},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"3","first_page":"1436","last_page":"1454"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11030","display_name":"Scoliosis diagnosis and treatment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11030","display_name":"Scoliosis diagnosis and treatment","score":1.0,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T10238","display_name":"Spine and Intervertebral Disc Pathology","score":0.9900000095367432,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2734","display_name":"Pathology and Forensic Medicine"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12154","display_name":"Pelvic and Acetabular Injuries","score":0.9854999780654907,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2746","display_name":"Surgery"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/27","display_name":"Medicine"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/4","display_name":"Health Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/asymmetry","display_name":"Asymmetry","score":0.8136391639709473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/torso","display_name":"Torso","score":0.8041822910308838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/sagittal-plane","display_name":"Sagittal plane","score":0.5695475339889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluctuating-asymmetry","display_name":"Fluctuating asymmetry","score":0.48093101382255554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/orthodontics","display_name":"Orthodontics","score":0.4619557857513428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/dominance","display_name":"Dominance (genetics)","score":0.433074414730072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/anatomy","display_name":"Anatomy","score":0.33794888854026794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/medicine","display_name":"Medicine","score":0.3109421730041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/biology","display_name":"Biology","score":0.2748361825942993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/evolutionary-biology","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","score":0.19829529523849487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.1813533902168274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/genetics","display_name":"Genetics","score":0.13353079557418823}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C38976095","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q752641","display_name":"Asymmetry","level":2,"score":0.8136391639709473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C523889960","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q160695","display_name":"Torso","level":2,"score":0.8041822910308838},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C178910020","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2211994","display_name":"Sagittal plane","level":2,"score":0.5695475339889526},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C102790218","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q5462619","display_name":"Fluctuating asymmetry","level":2,"score":0.48093101382255554},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C29694066","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q118301","display_name":"Orthodontics","level":1,"score":0.4619557857513428},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C151913843","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q3454555","display_name":"Dominance (genetics)","level":3,"score":0.433074414730072},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C105702510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q514","display_name":"Anatomy","level":1,"score":0.33794888854026794},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C71924100","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11190","display_name":"Medicine","level":0,"score":0.3109421730041504},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C86803240","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q420","display_name":"Biology","level":0,"score":0.2748361825942993},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C78458016","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q840400","display_name":"Evolutionary biology","level":1,"score":0.19829529523849487},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.1813533902168274},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C54355233","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7162","display_name":"Genetics","level":1,"score":0.13353079557418823},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C104317684","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7187","display_name":"Gene","level":2,"score":0.0},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym7031436","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym7031436","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/7/3/1436/pdf?version=1439828117","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:99ff9dfb35ed4375a8ac20a133117ce7","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/99ff9dfb35ed4375a8ac20a133117ce7","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S112646816","display_name":"SHILAP Revista de lepidopterolog\u00eda","issn_l":"0300-5267","issn":["0300-5267","2340-4078"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":true,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 7, Iss 3, Pp 1436-1454 (2015)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/7/3/1436/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym7031436","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym7031436","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym7031436","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/7/3/1436/pdf?version=1439828117","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[],"awards":[],"funders":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320319946","display_name":"University of Alberta","ror":"https://ror.org/0160cpw27"},{"id":"https://openalex.org/F4320334593","display_name":"Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada","ror":"https://ror.org/01h531d29"}],"has_content":{"grobid_xml":true,"pdf":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2151758301.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W2151758301.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":31,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W1414746169","https://openalex.org/W1541898988","https://openalex.org/W1964852088","https://openalex.org/W1970342280","https://openalex.org/W1980054394","https://openalex.org/W1980481964","https://openalex.org/W1981018792","https://openalex.org/W1981830659","https://openalex.org/W1988227118","https://openalex.org/W1990953144","https://openalex.org/W2002669900","https://openalex.org/W2005434131","https://openalex.org/W2008267788","https://openalex.org/W2026620428","https://openalex.org/W2035405075","https://openalex.org/W2042496912","https://openalex.org/W2048826404","https://openalex.org/W2097109814","https://openalex.org/W2108348061","https://openalex.org/W2121745528","https://openalex.org/W2122139366","https://openalex.org/W2129519650","https://openalex.org/W2154955518","https://openalex.org/W2164777277","https://openalex.org/W2172243226","https://openalex.org/W2252349559","https://openalex.org/W2324724747","https://openalex.org/W2428371305","https://openalex.org/W4251944343","https://openalex.org/W6718081551","https://openalex.org/W6842064535"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W4210971940","https://openalex.org/W2151350123","https://openalex.org/W2154646513","https://openalex.org/W1984605283","https://openalex.org/W2082471726","https://openalex.org/W1995892603","https://openalex.org/W2079402155","https://openalex.org/W2124608719","https://openalex.org/W2927489334","https://openalex.org/W2035278018"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"The":[0,37,65],"ability":[1,210],"to":[2,33,42,72,78,207],"assess":[3],"geometric":[4],"asymmetry":[5,44,128,168,191],"in":[6,56,91,202],"the":[7,50,57,112,115,212],"torsos":[8],"of":[9,54,67,97,118,127,167,190,211],"individuals":[10],"is":[11,70],"important":[12],"for":[13,142,151],"detecting":[14],"Adolescent":[15],"Idiopathic":[16],"Scoliosis":[17],"(AIS).":[18],"A":[19],"markerless":[20,213],"technique":[21,38],"using":[22],"Surface":[23],"Topography":[24],"(ST)":[25],"has":[26,39,60],"been":[27,40,62],"introduced":[28],"as":[29,82,172],"a":[30],"non-invasive":[31],"alternative":[32],"standard":[34],"diagnostic":[35],"radiographs.":[36],"used":[41],"identify":[43,73],"patterns":[45],"associated":[46],"with":[47,121,135,180],"AIS.":[48],"However,":[49,183],"presence":[51],"and":[52,75,87,132,139,147,150,156,169,178,192],"nature":[53],"asymmetries":[55,74,201],"healthy":[58,92,203],"population":[59],"not":[61],"properly":[63],"studied.":[64],"purpose":[66],"this":[68],"study":[69],"therefore":[71],"potential":[76],"relationships":[77,161,185],"development":[79],"factors":[80],"such":[81,171],"age,":[83,193],"gender,":[84],"hand":[85,194],"dominance":[86,195],"unilateral":[88,197],"physical":[89,198],"activity":[90],"adolescents.":[93],"Full":[94],"torso":[95,113],"scans":[96],"83":[98],"participants":[99],"were":[100,108,129,145,154,162,186],"analyzed.":[101],"Using":[102],"Geomagic,":[103],"deviation":[104],"contour":[105],"maps":[106],"(DCMs)":[107],"created":[109],"by":[110],"reflecting":[111],"along":[114],"best":[116],"plane":[117],"sagittal":[119],"symmetry":[120],"each":[122,134],"spectrum":[123],"normalized.":[124],"Two":[125],"classes":[126],"observed:":[130],"twist":[131,143,176],"thickness":[133,152,181],"subgroupings.":[136],"Averaged":[137],"interobserver":[138],"intraobserver":[140],"Kappas":[141],"subgroupings":[144,153],"0.84":[146],"0.84,":[148],"respectively,":[149],"0.53":[155],"0.63":[157],"respectively.":[158],"Further":[159],"significant":[160],"observed":[163],"between":[164,188],"specific":[165],"types":[166],"gender":[170],"females":[173],"displaying":[174],"predominately":[175],"asymmetry,":[177],"males":[179],"asymmetry.":[182],"no":[184],"found":[187],"type":[189],"or":[196],"activity.":[199],"Understanding":[200],"subjects":[204],"will":[205],"continue":[206],"enhance":[208],"assessment":[209],"ST":[214],"technique.":[215]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2026,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2021,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":3}],"updated_date":"2026-04-17T18:11:37.981687","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}