{"id":"https://openalex.org/W1551632493","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym7021122","title":"Symmetry-Breaking as a Paradigm to Design Highly-Sensitive Sensor Systems","display_name":"Symmetry-Breaking as a Paradigm to Design Highly-Sensitive Sensor Systems","publication_year":2015,"publication_date":"2015-06-19","ids":{"openalex":"https://openalex.org/W1551632493","doi":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym7021122","mag":"1551632493"},"language":"en","primary_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym7021122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym7021122","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/7/2/1122/pdf?version=1434714516","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"type":"article","indexed_in":["crossref","doaj"],"open_access":{"is_oa":true,"oa_status":"gold","oa_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/7/2/1122/pdf?version=1434714516","any_repository_has_fulltext":true},"authorships":[{"author_position":"first","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5012308437","display_name":"Antonio Palacios","orcid":"https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0580-3657"},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I26538001","display_name":"San Diego State University","ror":"https://ror.org/0264fdx42","country_code":"US","type":"education","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":true,"raw_author_name":"Antonio Palacios","raw_affiliation_strings":["Nonlinear Dynamical Systems Group, Department of Mathematics, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Nonlinear Dynamical Systems Group, Department of Mathematics, San Diego State University, 5500 Campanile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"]}]},{"author_position":"middle","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5063982891","display_name":"Visarath In","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1339224429","display_name":"Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific","ror":"https://ror.org/01gs1cg95","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I1339224429","https://openalex.org/I2802223155","https://openalex.org/I3130687028"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Visarath In","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific, 53560 Hull Street, San Diego, CA 92151-5001, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific, 53560 Hull Street, San Diego, CA 92151-5001, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1339224429"]}]},{"author_position":"last","author":{"id":"https://openalex.org/A5016503531","display_name":"Patrick Longhini","orcid":null},"institutions":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/I1339224429","display_name":"Naval Information Warfare Center Pacific","ror":"https://ror.org/01gs1cg95","country_code":"US","type":"facility","lineage":["https://openalex.org/I1330347796","https://openalex.org/I1339224429","https://openalex.org/I2802223155","https://openalex.org/I3130687028"]}],"countries":["US"],"is_corresponding":false,"raw_author_name":"Patrick Longhini","raw_affiliation_strings":["Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific, 53560 Hull Street, San Diego, CA 92151-5001, USA"],"raw_orcid":null,"affiliations":[{"raw_affiliation_string":"Space and Naval Warfare Systems Center Pacific, 53560 Hull Street, San Diego, CA 92151-5001, USA","institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I1339224429"]}]}],"institutions":[],"countries_distinct_count":1,"institutions_distinct_count":3,"corresponding_author_ids":["https://openalex.org/A5012308437"],"corresponding_institution_ids":["https://openalex.org/I26538001"],"apc_list":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"apc_paid":{"value":2000,"currency":"CHF","value_usd":2165},"fwci":0.4016,"has_fulltext":false,"cited_by_count":5,"citation_normalized_percentile":{"value":0.65737675,"is_in_top_1_percent":false,"is_in_top_10_percent":false},"cited_by_percentile_year":{"min":90,"max":96},"biblio":{"volume":"7","issue":"2","first_page":"1122","last_page":"1150"},"is_retracted":false,"is_paratext":false,"is_xpac":false,"primary_topic":{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12692","display_name":"Magnetic Field Sensors Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},"topics":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/T12692","display_name":"Magnetic Field Sensors Techniques","score":0.9997000098228455,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2208","display_name":"Electrical and Electronic Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T11993","display_name":"Atomic and Subatomic Physics Research","score":0.9990000128746033,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/3107","display_name":"Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/31","display_name":"Physics and Astronomy"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}},{"id":"https://openalex.org/T13885","display_name":"Geophysics and Sensor Technology","score":0.9955000281333923,"subfield":{"id":"https://openalex.org/subfields/2212","display_name":"Ocean Engineering"},"field":{"id":"https://openalex.org/fields/22","display_name":"Engineering"},"domain":{"id":"https://openalex.org/domains/3","display_name":"Physical Sciences"}}],"keywords":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/fluxgate-compass","display_name":"Fluxgate compass","score":0.6831947565078735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetometer","display_name":"Magnetometer","score":0.6786350011825562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/bistability","display_name":"Bistability","score":0.5401976704597473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/symmetry","display_name":"Symmetry (geometry)","score":0.5389057397842407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/topology","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","score":0.48262056708335876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/physics","display_name":"Physics","score":0.469363272190094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electrical-engineering","display_name":"Electrical engineering","score":0.4466085433959961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/nonlinear-system","display_name":"Nonlinear system","score":0.4317970871925354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/piezoelectricity","display_name":"Piezoelectricity","score":0.41263046860694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/magnetic-field","display_name":"Magnetic field","score":0.4020649194717407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/computer-science","display_name":"Computer science","score":0.33728668093681335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/electronic-engineering","display_name":"Electronic engineering","score":0.33688902854919434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/acoustics","display_name":"Acoustics","score":0.3076689839363098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/optoelectronics","display_name":"Optoelectronics","score":0.28185462951660156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/engineering","display_name":"Engineering","score":0.21739885210990906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/quantum-mechanics","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","score":0.1336107850074768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/keywords/mathematics","display_name":"Mathematics","score":0.0962979793548584}],"concepts":[{"id":"https://openalex.org/C28044941","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2735870","display_name":"Fluxgate compass","level":4,"score":0.6831947565078735},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C153946474","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q333921","display_name":"Magnetometer","level":3,"score":0.6786350011825562},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C97292510","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q2304620","display_name":"Bistability","level":2,"score":0.5401976704597473},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2779886137","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21030012","display_name":"Symmetry (geometry)","level":2,"score":0.5389057397842407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C184720557","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q7825049","display_name":"Topology (electrical circuits)","level":2,"score":0.48262056708335876},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C121332964","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q413","display_name":"Physics","level":0,"score":0.469363272190094},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C119599485","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q43035","display_name":"Electrical engineering","level":1,"score":0.4466085433959961},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C158622935","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q660848","display_name":"Nonlinear system","level":2,"score":0.4317970871925354},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C100082104","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q183759","display_name":"Piezoelectricity","level":2,"score":0.41263046860694885},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C115260700","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11408","display_name":"Magnetic field","level":2,"score":0.4020649194717407},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C41008148","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q21198","display_name":"Computer science","level":0,"score":0.33728668093681335},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24326235","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q126095","display_name":"Electronic engineering","level":1,"score":0.33688902854919434},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C24890656","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q82811","display_name":"Acoustics","level":1,"score":0.3076689839363098},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C49040817","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q193091","display_name":"Optoelectronics","level":1,"score":0.28185462951660156},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C127413603","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q11023","display_name":"Engineering","level":0,"score":0.21739885210990906},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C62520636","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q944","display_name":"Quantum mechanics","level":1,"score":0.1336107850074768},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C33923547","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q395","display_name":"Mathematics","level":0,"score":0.0962979793548584},{"id":"https://openalex.org/C2524010","wikidata":"https://www.wikidata.org/wiki/Q8087","display_name":"Geometry","level":1,"score":0.0}],"mesh":[],"locations_count":3,"locations":[{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym7021122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym7021122","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/7/2/1122/pdf?version=1434714516","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:doaj.org/article:45acbf8cf14b45e692bc9393667da284","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doaj.org/article/45acbf8cf14b45e692bc9393667da284","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306401280","display_name":"DOAJ (DOAJ: Directory of Open Access Journals)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":false,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":null,"host_organization_name":null,"host_organization_lineage":[],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by-sa","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by-sa","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry, Vol 7, Iss 2, Pp 1122-1150 (2015)","raw_type":"article"},{"id":"pmh:oai:mdpi.com:/2073-8994/7/2/1122/","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sym7021122","pdf_url":null,"source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S4306400947","display_name":"MDPI (MDPI AG)","issn_l":null,"issn":null,"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":false,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/I4210097602","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute (Switzerland)","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/I4210097602"],"host_organization_lineage_names":[],"type":"repository"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"submittedVersion","is_accepted":false,"is_published":false,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"Text"}],"best_oa_location":{"id":"doi:10.3390/sym7021122","is_oa":true,"landing_page_url":"https://doi.org/10.3390/sym7021122","pdf_url":"https://www.mdpi.com/2073-8994/7/2/1122/pdf?version=1434714516","source":{"id":"https://openalex.org/S190787756","display_name":"Symmetry","issn_l":"2073-8994","issn":["2073-8994"],"is_oa":true,"is_in_doaj":false,"is_core":true,"host_organization":"https://openalex.org/P4310310987","host_organization_name":"Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute","host_organization_lineage":["https://openalex.org/P4310310987"],"host_organization_lineage_names":["Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute"],"type":"journal"},"license":"cc-by","license_id":"https://openalex.org/licenses/cc-by","version":"publishedVersion","is_accepted":true,"is_published":true,"raw_source_name":"Symmetry","raw_type":"journal-article"},"sustainable_development_goals":[{"display_name":"Affordable and clean energy","id":"https://metadata.un.org/sdg/7","score":0.9100000262260437}],"awards":[],"funders":[],"has_content":{"pdf":true,"grobid_xml":true},"content_urls":{"pdf":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1551632493.pdf","grobid_xml":"https://content.openalex.org/works/W1551632493.grobid-xml"},"referenced_works_count":34,"referenced_works":["https://openalex.org/W650307978","https://openalex.org/W1964039686","https://openalex.org/W1967628652","https://openalex.org/W1969836308","https://openalex.org/W1983272724","https://openalex.org/W1986425185","https://openalex.org/W1988507461","https://openalex.org/W1994832107","https://openalex.org/W1995694419","https://openalex.org/W1997277490","https://openalex.org/W1997397795","https://openalex.org/W2002524382","https://openalex.org/W2018763514","https://openalex.org/W2024489737","https://openalex.org/W2032150785","https://openalex.org/W2036381498","https://openalex.org/W2049525254","https://openalex.org/W2059649533","https://openalex.org/W2063230854","https://openalex.org/W2068116750","https://openalex.org/W2070850306","https://openalex.org/W2075774995","https://openalex.org/W2079729987","https://openalex.org/W2086225551","https://openalex.org/W2092188472","https://openalex.org/W2113152779","https://openalex.org/W2119325655","https://openalex.org/W2121379280","https://openalex.org/W2124991176","https://openalex.org/W2141472526","https://openalex.org/W2155740322","https://openalex.org/W3003303647","https://openalex.org/W4235527302","https://openalex.org/W4251654280"],"related_works":["https://openalex.org/W2091798983","https://openalex.org/W2783383874","https://openalex.org/W2366001984","https://openalex.org/W4238008549","https://openalex.org/W4252746777","https://openalex.org/W1511499589","https://openalex.org/W2267279122","https://openalex.org/W2771452402","https://openalex.org/W3013692082","https://openalex.org/W1986846562"],"abstract_inverted_index":{"A":[0],"large":[1,154],"class":[2],"of":[3,22,81,98,156,192],"dynamic":[4],"sensors":[5,27,45,126],"have":[6,72],"nonlinear":[7],"input-output":[8],"characteristics,":[9],"often":[10],"corresponding":[11],"to":[12,74,129,166,171],"a":[13,78,102,112,152,172],"bistable":[14],"potential":[15],"energy":[16],"function":[17],"that":[18,115,147],"controls":[19],"the":[20,23,33,38,57,96,121,136,139,161],"evolution":[21],"sensor":[24,107],"dynamics.":[25],"These":[26],"include":[28],"magnetic":[29],"field":[30],"sensors,":[31,48],"e.g.,":[32,49],"simple":[34],"fluxgate":[35,86,193],"magnetometer":[36],"and":[37,46,63,84,88,178],"superconducting":[39],"quantum":[40],"interference":[41],"device":[42],"(SQUID),":[43],"ferroelectric":[44],"mechanical":[47],"acoustic":[50],"transducers,":[51],"made":[52],"with":[53,69],"piezoelectric":[54],"materials.":[55],"Recently,":[56],"possibilities":[58],"offered":[59],"by":[60,120],"new":[61,79,173],"technologies":[62],"materials":[64],"in":[65,77,138,183],"realizing":[66],"miniaturized":[67],"devices":[68],"improved":[70],"performance":[71],"led":[73],"renewed":[75],"interest":[76],"generation":[80],"inexpensive,":[82],"compact":[83],"low-power":[85],"magnetometers":[87,194],"electric-field":[89],"sensors.":[90],"In":[91],"this":[92],"article,":[93],"we":[94],"review":[95],"analysis":[97,180],"an":[99,143],"alternative":[100],"approach:":[101],"symmetry-based":[103],"design":[104,110],"for":[105],"highly-sensitive":[106],"systems.":[108],"The":[109],"incorporates":[111],"network":[113,140],"architecture":[114],"produces":[116],"collective":[117],"oscillations":[118,137],"induced":[119],"coupling":[122],"topology,":[123],"i.e.,":[124],"which":[125],"are":[127,181,195],"coupled":[128],"each":[130],"other.":[131],"Under":[132],"certain":[133],"symmetry":[134],"groups,":[135],"emerge":[141],"via":[142],"infinite-period":[144],"bifurcation,":[145],"so":[146],"at":[148],"birth,":[149],"they":[150],"exhibit":[151],"very":[153],"period":[155],"oscillation.":[157],"This":[158],"characteristic":[159],"renders":[160],"oscillatory":[162],"wave":[163],"highly":[164],"sensitive":[165],"symmetry-breaking":[167],"effects,":[168],"thus":[169],"leading":[170],"detection":[174],"mechanism.":[175],"Model":[176],"equations":[177],"bifurcation":[179],"discussed":[182],"great":[184],"detail.":[185],"Results":[186],"from":[187],"experimental":[188],"works":[189],"on":[190],"networks":[191],"also":[196],"included.":[197]},"counts_by_year":[{"year":2020,"cited_by_count":2},{"year":2019,"cited_by_count":1},{"year":2018,"cited_by_count":2}],"updated_date":"2026-05-06T08:25:59.206177","created_date":"2025-10-10T00:00:00"}
